OPHTHALMOLOGY

REVIEW QUIZ
Dr. Torres
January 30, 2021

HYPEROPES
1. A patient is suffering from a blind painful eye because ● farsighted
of increased intraocular pressure. To alleviate the ● The focus is behind the retina when looking at a
symptoms, you must destroy this structure of the eye distant object
to decrease aqueous production. ○ so when you move an object nearer, the
Ciliary body focus moves further back
● There is excessive accommodative demands for
2. A 49-year-old has difficulty seeing near objects but the hyperopes to see clearly.
can clearly see objects at a distance. This may be due ● Refractively weak- uses Convex or plus lens - pulls
to? it forward
Presbyopia ● Eye strains after prolonged near work

3. Responsible for the transparency of the cornea MYOPES

Presence of endothelial pumps ● nearsighted
● Refractively strong - uses Concave or minus lens
4. Renders structural support for the retina. (eye minifies) - pushes it back
Muller Cells ● The focus is in front of the retina when looking at a
Amacrine Cells distant object
Bipolar Cells ○ so when you move an object nearer, the
Ganglion Cells focus moves back, and may be at the
retina
5. What is the most likely diagnosis of a patient ● Do myopes can also complain of headaches?
complaining of sudden, painful blurring of vision? ○ no
Pterygium ○ but a myope can also experience
Age-related macular degeneration headache when there is overcorrection of
CRVO the grade of his glasses. (pseudo
Acute congestive glaucoma hyperopia)

6. Fundoscopic findings of patients with primary open EMMETROPE

angle glaucoma ● an eye without refractive error
Cup disc ratio 0.6 ● focus is at the retina
Partial ROR
Indistinct disc margin ASTIGMATISM
AV Ratio 2:3 - this is normal ● uses cylindrical lenses

CUP DISC RATIO 9. Layer of the retina that consists of interconnection

● normal is 0.3 - 05 between the photoreceptor synaptic bodies and the
horizontal and bipolar cells
AV RATIO Nerve fiber layer
● norma is 2:3 Ganglion cell layer
Inner plexiform layer
Outer plexiform layer
7. What functional ophthalmologic exam best shows
macular disturbance like metamorphopsia? 10. Marks the boundary between the cornea and the
Confrontation test sclera
Amsler grid Limbus
Motility testing Pars plana
Pinhole test Choroid
Pars plicata
METAMORPHOPSIA 11. Which of the following is a serious ophthalmic
● disturbance in the normal shape sign/symptom?
● a visual defect that causes linear objects, such as Tearing
lines on a grid, to look curvy or rounded. It's caused Foreign body sensation
by problems with the eye's retina, and, in particular, Nystagmus
the macula. Difficulty in reading at near
PINHOLE TEST
● differentiates refractive error and organic pathology ACCOMODATION
● Purpose: to increase refractive power of the eye
● Ciliary muscles contracts, ciliary body moves
8. A convex lens is placed in front of an eye of a myopic forward (distance becomes smaller),Zonules relax
patient. Where will the focal point be located? ● Lens becomes more globular in shape (more
At the back of the retina convex or more plus, light will bend more)
In front of the retina

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 12. The lens is attached to the ____ via the zonules ● Thickest layer
CILIARY MUSCLES ● Between lipid layer and the mucin layer
● Secreted by MAIN LACRIMAL GLAND,
13. What examinations should be employed to detect a ACCESSORY GLANDS OF KRAUSE AND
suspected intraocular foreign body in a patient with WOLFRING
traumatic cataract?
CT SCAN MUCIN LAYER

PERIMETRY 19. What part of the cornea is ablated in LASIK

● used to measure the central and peripheral visual procedure?
fields STROMA
● tests optic nerve function
*In lasik what is treated is the stroma by ablating the stromal
A SCAN surface and a residual corneal thickness of 300 microns is
● used to measure axial length needed to ensure that an eye can withstand ectasia or that the
● Normal: 21-23 eye will not develop any irregularities.

20. Patients with axial length of 24 mm is most likely?

MYOPIC

14. What examination should be employed to detect the 21. A patient underwent cataract extraction, however the
surface topography of the cornea? IOL used was under… become?
WAVE SCAN HYPEROPIC

15. Characteristics of indirect ophthalmoscopy 22. Visual phenomenon that occurs when there is traction
VISUALIZATION UP TO ORA SERRATA of vitreous on the retina
ENTOPTIC PHENOMENON
* ORA SERRATA - the anterior most border of the retina
23. This condition requires prompt referral to an
ophthalmologist
OPHTHALMOSCOPY MAID SPLASHED ZONROX IN HER EYES

DIRECT INDIRECT TRUE EMERGENCY:

- Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
- Chemical exposure (Acidic<Basic)
● Monocular ● Binocular with
● Upright image of better illumination
retina ● Steroscopic
● 15x magnification inverted image of
● Detailed the retina 24. Aqueous humor passes from the posterior chamber to
examination of the ● 5x magnification anterior chamber via the:
optic nerve and ● Can examine up to PUPIL
blood vessels the peripheral retina
● Pupillary dilatation ● Pupillary dilatation 25. The following is not a feature found in the lens:
not needed needed INNERVATED BY NERVES
● Easier to perform
26. Patient with Marfan Syndrome are prone to have:
SUBLUXATED LENS
16. Supplies the outer layers of the retina
CHORIOCAPILLARIES
27. The pupil is slightly miotic in which of the following?
Primary open angle glaucoma
17. What procedure employs ultrasonic vibration to
Vitreous hemorrhage
remove the lens?
Cataract
PHACOEMULSIFICATION
Anterior Uveitis
18. Produces the mucoid layer of the tear film
GOBLET CELLS 28. Drainage of aqueous humor is through the:
TRABECULAR MESHWORK

LAYERS OF THE TEAR FILM 29. What constitutes the outer blood retinal barrier?
OUTER LIMITING MEMBRANE
LIPID LAYER
● Located at the top most to prevent evaporation 30. Which of the following does not contribute to corneal
● Secreted by the meibomian glands and the nutrition?
glands of Zeis O2 FROM ATMOSPHERE

AQUEOUS LAYER 31. The uvea consists of the following:

IRIS,CILIARY BODY,CHOROID
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 41. Range of normal intraocular pressure
10-21 mmHg
32. What condition causes diplopia? 42. When looking at a distant object
EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE WEAKNESS Zonules contract
Lens becomes more spherical
33. Red orange reflex is attributed to the: Ciliary muscle contracts
BLOOD IN THE CHORIOCAPILLARIES Pupils dilate

34. Visual acuity examination is used in toddlers

Preferential looking NEAR DISTANT
Sheridan gardner
Illiterate E ZONULES tight loose
Kay picture test
LENS globular spherical
35. Examination that differentiates an organic eye disease
from errors of refractions CILIARY MUSCLE contract relax
Pinhole
Color vision test PUPILS constrict dilate
Perimetry
Jaeger
43. The procedure done to visualize the anterior chamber
36. Severe pain in contact lens wearer may be attributed angles:
to: Goniotomy
Injury to sclera Dilated fundoscopy
Loose fit of the contact lens Gonioscopy
Injury to corneal epithelium
Ophthalmoscopy
Injury to palpebral conjunctiva
44. The most superficial layer of the optic nerve head
37. What structure will prolapse in the anterior chamber which is supported by astrocytes
when you disrupt the posterior capsule during cataract Laminar layer
extraction? Prelaminar layer
Vitreous Nerve fiber layer
Choroid Retrolaminar layer
Retina
Iris 45. Diagnostic examination that assesses the visual field
using a mobile light stimulus
INTRACAPSULAR CATARACT SURGERY Direct gonioscopy
● removal of the lens and the surrounding lens Indirect gonioscopy
capsule in one piece. Kinetic perimetry
● has a relatively high rate of complications due to Applanation tonometry
the large incision required and pressure placed on
the vitreous body. 46. Measures the force required to flatten a standard
area of the cornea
EXTRACAPSULAR CATARACT SURGERY Applanation tonometry
● the lens of the eyes are removed, leaving the Indentation tonometry
elastic capsule covering the lens which is left Dynamic gonioscopy
partially attached to allow the implantation of an Static perimetry
intraocular lens (IOL)
47. Contraindicated in patients with asthma and COPD or
cardiac conduction defects
38. Vitreous is composed mainly of Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Ascorbic acid Prostaglandins
Hyaluronic acid Beta-blockers
Glucosamine Alpha-2-adrenergic agonists
Water
48. An antibiotic-antineoplastic compound from
39. The main refracting unit of the eye Streptomyces caespitosus used as an anti-fibrotic
Cornea agent during trabeculectomy
Lens Mitomycin C
Retina 5-fluorouracil
Tears Triamcinolone

40. The Jaeger chart is used to test for 49. Reduces aqueous humor secretion by destroying a
Distance vision portion of ciliary body
Intermediate vision Trabeculoplasty
Near vision Gonioplasty
Peripheral vision Trabeculectomy
Cyclophotocoagulation

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 50. Presence of classic triad of krukenberg spindle, 60. what is the weakest wall of orbit?
spokelike transillumination defect in the iris Floor
midperiphery and trabecular hyperpigmentation
Lens particle glaucoma 61. which gland does a chalazion come from?
Pigment dispersion syndrome meibomian glands
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Posnner-Schlossman syndrome 62.the treatment of a nasolacrimal duct obstruction
dacrocystorhinostomy
51. An open angle glaucoma caused by leakage of lens
protein through the capsule of a hypermature cataract 63. which part of eyelid is included in the posterior
Phacolytic glaucoma lamellae?
Phacoanaphylaxis conjunctiva
Phacomorphic glaucoma- the lens gets swollen, it pushes
the iris and causes angle closure 64. which specific symptom is most likely diagnostic of
Exfoliation syndrome thyroid eye disease
proptosis

52. The presence of an intumescent cataractous lens 65. in nasolacrimal duct obstruction, which part of the
causing secondary angle closure glaucoma lacrimal system is most commonly included?
Phacolytic glaucoma canaliculus sac junction
Phacoanaphylaxis sac-duct junction
Phacomorphic glaucoma valve of hasner
Exfoliation syndrome ampulla

53. A unilateral inflammatory open angle glaucoma 66. which eyelid tumor is least likely to metastasize?
characterized by a lighter iris color At the affected eye due BCCA
to loss of iris pigments
Phacoanaphylaxis 67. what structure serves as the skeleton of the eyelid?
Ghost cell glaucoma tarsus
Fuchs heterochromic Iridocyclitis
Posnner-Schlossman syndrome 68,The most common intraocular malignancy in childhood
Retinoblastoma
54. Infection involving the contents of the eyeball
Endophthalmitis 69. Band Keratopathy is commonly seen in
Phthisis bulbi Hypercalcemia
Panuveitis Herpes simplex keratitis
Panophthalmitis Congenital cataract
RA
55. Clumps of macrophages on the iris surface away from
the pupil Band keratopathy- Calcium deposition in Bowman’s
Glaucomflecken capsule
Bussaca nodule *doc skipped this question
Koeppe nodules
Keratitic precipitates 70 A full term 6 month old boy presents with bilateral
leukocoria, consideration is:
56. Chlamydial conjunctivitis is characterized by the Congenital cataract
following PHPV, ROP
Basophilic inclusion bodies with epithelial cells Toxocara endophtalmitis
Causes lymphogranuloma venereum Retinoblastoma, Coat’s, congenital cataract, ROP
Causes trachoma *doc skipped this question
Gram negative diplococcus
71. Intraocular calcification on CT is highly diagnostic of:
Retinoblastoma
57. This is not a characteristic of acanthamoeba keratitis *doc skipped this question
due to protozoa found in soil and fresh water
lesion with irregular feathery margins 72. A 10 year old boy comes in for blurred vision and a
associated with contact lens wear “white pupil” on the involved right eye. The family owns a
proctrated, progressive course pet shop and has a history of pica. Consider:
Toxocara endophthalmitis
58. This is not true of traumatic hypema *doc skipped this question
may give aspirin containing products
can cause secondary glaucoma 73. Congenital cataract, deafness, congenital heart
corneal blood staining is a major concern in rebleeds disease are features of:
patient should be on moderate restriction of physical Steroid induced
activity Galactosemia
Lactose free food only
59. This is not a treatment options for chronic dry eye Rubella syndrome
topical antivirals *doc skipped this question
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 d. Contains the rhodopsin
74.Ring scotoma, nyctalopia: Is supplied by the central retinal vessels
Marfan’s syndrome
Temporal arteritis
91. Which of the following conditions need systemic
RA
Retinitis pigmentosa antibiotics as a mode of treatment?
a. Chalazion
75. Uveitis, Cataract, band keratopathy triad b. Allergic conjunctivitis
Juvenile RA c. Gonococcal conjunctivitis
d. Fungal Keratitis
76. “oil droplet” cataract seen in: Chlamydia and gonococcal conjunctivitis are the only two
Galactosemia
which need systemic antibiotics.
77. The most common cause of proptosis in adults:
Grave’s Disease 92. Trachoma is related to which organism?
a. Streptococcus
78.”salt and pepper” diffuse chorioretinitis is commonly b. Neisseria
seen in c. Chlamydia
Syphilis d. Staphylococcus
79. True regarding CRVO
a) Box car appearance of retinal arteries 93. What is the immediate mode of defense against
b) Cherry red spot chemical burn to the eye
c) Associated with amaurosis fugax a. Antibiotic drops
d) Ischemic type related to development of b. Steroid drops
neovascular glaucoma c. Copious irrigation
d. Debridement
80. 55y old diabetic for 15 years comes in for sudden
painless visual deterioration of right eye. Consider: Base injury is worse than acid because chemical injury
a) Vitreous hemorrhage due to acid precipitates proteins, these precipitated
b) Macular edema, Cataracts proteins prevent further penetration of acid. Base doesn't
c) Cataract block.
d) EOR, Cataract, diabetic macular edema
94. A patient developed blurring of vision with injury to
81. True regarding diabetics
vessels of peripheral iris or anterior ciliary body after being
Good glycemic index is the modifiable risk factor
hit by the shuttle cock while playing badminton.
82. Chloroquine use in malaria is associated with Examination showed blood in the anterior chamber. Most
Bulls eye maculopathy likely diagnosis is:
a. Hypopyon
83. Pupillary sparing ophthalmoplegia is associated with b. Hyphema
Diabetes c. Band Keratopathy
d. Cataract
84. Common among albinos
Macular hyperplasia
95. Major concern in patients with blood in the anterior
85. The patient comes in with herpes zoster ophthalmicus chamber after blunt traumatic injury is?
Best managed with topical steroids a. Inflammation
b. Infection
86. Fundoscopy reveals "bone spicule" pigmentary retinal c. Rebleeding
degeneration
Retinitis pigmentosa - flat ERG confirms diagnosis d. Pain
Hyphema is an accumulation of blood in the anterior
87. Fundoscopic exam reveals "sunny side up" macular chamber of the eye. The vessels that bled to produce the
lesion hyphema remain fragile, and rebleeding is a significant
Advise EOG exam concern.

88. Central serous retinopathy

96. What is the best mode of treatment for a patient who
Self limiting localized serous detachment common
among middle aged men was hit in the cornea with a metallic foreign body?
a. Patching
89. Metamorphopsia among elderly is suggestive of b. Topical steroids
Age related macular degeneration c. Removal with hypodermic needle under a slip
lamp
90. The inner retinal layer d. Removal using hair
a. Is composed of the cell bodies of the rods and cones
b. Is composed of dendrites and axons of the
c. Photoreceptor cells and muller cells receptor
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 97. Presented with a 50 year old female with symptoms of
foreign body sensation, burning, dry, photophobia, blurred
vision tend to be worse towards the end of the day, with
prolonged use of eyes or with exposure to environmental
extremes. Best mode of treatment is?
a. Topical tear substitute
b. Antiviral drops
c. Antibiotic ointment
d. Anti-glaucoma medication
Rule of 20: Every 20 mins look at a distance for 20 seconds
atleast and blink your eyes.

98. Unilateral blepharo-conjunctivitis with vesicles on skin or lid

margin that occur most commonly at the mucosal surface
innervated by trigeminal nerve. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. Hordeolum
b. Chalazion
c. Fungal Blepharitis
d. Herpes Simplex Ocular infection

99. Simple follicular conjunctivitis, pharyngoconjunctival fever,

epidemic keratoconjunctivitis are syndromes of
a. Adenoviral conjunctivitis
b. Herpes simplex conjunctivitis
c. Allergic conjunctivitis
d. Herpes Zoster conjunctivitis

100. This is not included in the management of adenoviral

conjunctivitis
a. Oral antibiotic
b. Topical steroids
c. Removal of membrane
d. Cold compress

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