21ST CENTURY

Philippine Literature
Presented by:

Catrina Alejandro Sheena Marie Nery Clarain Paril

Jade Piah Constantino Aldrin Pagcaliwangan Anavie Ramos
 Learning Objectives

Dicuss the Introduction Define the nature of 21st Present some samples
of 21st Century in the century Philippine with the author and their
Phil. Literature Literature works under 21st
and; century.
 INTRODUCTION
The 21st century literature (sometimes called "contemporary
literature") is viewed as the literature of the new generation.
Specifically, this refers to literary piece or diverse postmillennial texts
that have been produced since 2000 or 2001 up to the present. The
shift from paper to the screen first took place in this type of literature
and the use of technology for human expression such as e-book, blog,
digi-fiction, etc. has been very common.
 INTRODUCTION
The 21st century marks a significant period of evolution and innovation
in Philippine literature, characterized by a diverse range of voices,
themes, and mediums that reflect the country's rich cultural heritage
and contemporary realities. As the Philippines continues to navigate the
complexities of a rapidly changing global landscape, its literature serves
as a powerful platform for exploring pressing social issues, celebrating
cultural diversity, and fostering national identity.
 INTRODUCTION

Through various literary forms such as prose, poetry, drama, and digital
media, flash fiction, speculative literature, graphic novel and many more.
Filipino writers and artists are shaping narratives that resonate with
audiences both locally and internationally, contributing to a dynamic and
vibrant literary landscape that continues to evolve and inspire.
 CHARACTERISTICS
OF THE PERIOD
written by contemporary authors within the last decade
deals with current issues and themes
reflects technological culture
literature of emerging genres
often breaks traditional writing
 FLASH
FICTION
 FLASH
FICTION
Flash fiction is imaginative literature of extreme brevity. It could range from a
word to a thousand (Gacusan 2018). Flash fiction goes by many names,
including microfiction, microstories, short-shorts, short short stories, very short
stories, sudden fiction, postcard fiction, and nanofiction.
 FLASH
FICTION
3 Characteristics of Flash Fiction
1. Brevity. Flash fiction presents the story with as few words as possible.

2. Complete plot. Flash fiction emphasizes the development of plots. It has a

beginning, middle, and ending to the story.

3. Surprising ending. The successful hallmark of flash fiction is its twist at the end
of the story.
 AUTHORS OF
FLASH FICTION
 AUTHORS OF
FLASH FICTION
was born in 1970 in Quezon City, Philippines.
His novel "The Sky Over Dimas" received the
Grand Prize from the Don Carlos Palanca
Memorial Awards for Literature, the Manila Critics
Circle National Book Award, and the Madrigal-
Gonzalez First Book Award.
He has published a collection of short stories titled
"On Cursed Ground and Other Stories."
He teaches at De La Salle University-Manila.
Vicente Garcia Groyon
 AUTHORS OF
FLASH FICTION
is an award-winning Filipino novelist.
He has written and published short stories, poems,
and novels in English, Tagalog, and the languages of
Bicol.
Balde finished a degree in Civil Engineering and
worked as a construction engineer for thirty-three
years.
He retired to pursue a career as an author.
Critics noted his unique raw talent.
He received his first literary award in 2003 and has
Abdon M. Balde, Jr.
since continued to win acclaim for his work.
 AUTHORS OF
FLASH FICTION
is a bilingual Ilocano fiction author who writes in both
Ilocano and Tagalog/Filipino.
He is a poet, editor, translator, and musician.
He has received the Palanca Awards for his Ilocano
short stories.
a rock band member who plays the bass guitar in the
underground band Pilo

Ariel S. Tabag
 WORKS UNDER
FLASH FICTION

by Vicente Garcia Groyo by Abdon M. Balde, Jr. by Ariel S. Tabag

SPECULATIVE
LITERATURE
 SPECULATIVE
LITERATURE

Speculative fiction is a literary <super genre,= which encompasses a number of

different genres of fiction, each with speculative elements that are based on
conjecture and do not exist in the real world. Sometimes called <what-if= books,
speculative literature changes the laws of what’s real or possible as we know
them in our current society, and then speculates on the outcome.
SUB-GENRES OF
SPECULATIVE
LITERATURE
 SUB-GENRES OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
Supernatural fiction: sci-fi stories about secret knowledge or hidden
abilities including witchcraft, spiritualism, and psychic abilities.

Space opera fiction: a play on the term <soap opera,= sci-fi stories that
take place in outer space and center around conflict, romance, and
adventure.
Urban fantasy fiction: fantasy stories that take place in an urban setting in
the real world but operate under magical rules.
 SUB-GENRES OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
Utopian fiction: stories about civilizations the authors deem to be perfect,
ideal societies.

Dystopian fiction: stories about societies deemed problematic within the

world of the novel, often satirizing government rules, poverty, and
oppression.
 SUB-GENRES OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
Apocalyptic fiction: stories that take place before and during a huge
disaster that wipes out a significant portion of the world’s population. The
stories center around characters doing everything they can to stay alive—
for example, running from zombies or trying to avoid a deadly plague.

Post-apocalyptic fiction: stories that take place after an apocalyptic event

and focus on the survivors figuring out how to navigate their new
circumstances—for example, emerging after a global nuclear holocaust or
surviving a total breakdown of society.
 SUB-GENRES OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
Alternate history fiction: stories that focus on true historical events but are
written as if they unfolded with different outcomes.

Superhero fiction: stories about superheroes and how they use their
abilities to fight supervillains.
AUTHORS OF
SPECULATIVE
LITERATURE
 AUTHORS OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
He is a Filipino writer, editor, playwright, and novelist
Co-founder and publisher of the Philippine Speculative
Fiction annual anthology series
Editor of various speculative fiction anthologies
Known for his contributions to Philippine speculative
fiction, blending elements of fantasy, science fiction,
horror, and magical realism with Filipino culture, folklore,
and history.
Dean Francis Alfar His works explore themes of identity, mythology, and the
human condition within the context of Philippine society.
 AUTHORS OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
He is an author, poet, and speculative fiction writer
He is known for blending elements of speculative fiction,
science fiction, and fantasy with Filipino culture and
mythology
He is the author of The Infinite Library and Other
Stories" - A collection of speculative fiction short stories
Nominated for and won awards in the speculative fiction
genre
He is inspired by a diverse range of influences, including
Victor Fernando R.
classic literature, mythology, and science fiction
Ocampo
 AUTHORS OF
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE
She is an author and playwright
She is known for her diverse range of works spanning
various genres including speculative fiction, horror, and
literary fiction
She was the author of "Dwellers" (2014) - A collection of
speculative fiction short stories exploring themes of identity,
existence, and the human condition
She draws inspiration from Filipino culture, history, and
Eliza Victoria mythology, as well as international literature and
contemporary issues
WORKS UNDER
SPECULATIVE
LITERATURE
 WORKS UNDER
SPECULATIVE LITERATURE

by Dean Francis Alfar by Victor Fernando R. by Eliza Victoria

Ocampo
GRAPHIC
NOVELS
 GRAPHIC
NOVELS
Graphic Novels are narrative and written in comic book formats. These novels
can be employed in broad manner, encompassing non-fiction to fiction, from
short to long stories.
 MAJOR TYPES OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
HISTORICAL GRAPHIC NOVELS
• It depicts historical events, figures, or
periods, often blending facts with fiction to
convey a narrative rooted in history.
Ex: "Elmer" by Gerry Alanguilan.
 MAJOR TYPES OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
SLICE-OF-LIFE GRAPHIC NOVELS

• It focus on the everyday experiences,

relationships, and observations of characters,
often reflecting real-life situations and
emotions.
Ex: "Dead Balagtas Tomo 1: Sayaw ng mga
Dagat at Lupa" by Emiliana Kampilan
 MAJOR TYPES OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
FANTASY AND MYTHOLOGY
• It draws from Filipino folklore, mythology, and
supernatural beliefs to create imaginative
narratives, often incorporating elements of
fantasy and magic.
Ex: "Trese" by Budjette Tan and Kajo Baldisimo,
"Darna", "Dyesabel", and "Lastikman" by Mars
Ravelo
 MAJOR TYPES OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
MANGA

The Japanese word for "comic" but in the US is

used to describe Japanese style comics. It is read
from top to bottom and right to left as this is the
traditional Japanese reading pattern.
Ex: "Zsazsa Zaturnnah" by Carlo Vergara
 MAJOR TYPES OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
TEXT-TALK NOVELS
• Stories told almost in dialogue simulating
social network exchanges. Narrative are
usually presented in blog, email, and
IM(instant messaging) format.

Ex: "Vince and Kath" by Jenny Ruth Almocera

 PARTS OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
COVER INSIDE PAGES
PAGE ELEMENT OF A
GRAPHIC NOVELS
 EXAMPLES OF
GRAPHIC NOVELS
 Osyana (2018) – sea siren inspired
by Badjao folklore

Author: Charles Santino

Illustrator: Jim Jimenez’s Osyana.

Inspired by the folklore of the Badjao

people, an ethnic group in Mindanao
who’ve traditionally lived a nomadic
lifestyle on the water, the graphic novel
is about Osyana, a sea siren with a
mysterious past. She is given the power
to defend the world against Bandido, a
pirate, to protect her tribe.
The Mythology Class (2000) –
student meets creatures from
Filipino mythology

Author & Illustrator: Arnold Arre

In this book, anthropology student

Nicole finds herself meeting engkantos
or creatures, such as tikbalang and
kapres, that she had first heard of from
her grandfather9s stories.
It9s a 8Scooby Doo meets Fantastic
Beasts9 tale, as together with her
friends, she navigates through Metro
Manila to recapture the creatures
causing chaos in the city.
Sagala (2019)

Author & Illustrator: Tori Tadiar

Riel is a feisty gunsmith’s apprentice
with dreams of becoming a Courtesan
at the Royal Palacio. Coming from a
humble military background with her
doting older brother Constantino, this
seems like a far-off dream—until a
chance encounter with the Continental
Ambassador Corrido and his renowned
escort Awit at the annual Sagala. This
meeting sets off a string of events
leading Riel to discover that her past is
more entwined in courtly affairs than
she could have ever imagined.
Dr. Jose P. Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere

Author: D.G. Dumaraos and Leo Miranda

Illustrator: Leonardo Giron

Noli Me Tangere follows the story of

Crisóstomo Ibarra and his fight for
injustices against the conquistadors
and aristocrats during the Spanish
colonization of the Philippines in the
19th century.
Trese: Book of Murders

Author: Budjette Tan

Illustrator: Kajo Baldisimo

Trese is a suburban horror fantasy

graphic novel. It follows heroine
Alexandra Trese as she solves crimes
committed by supernatural creatures.
Liryo (2018)

Author & Illustrator: Magtira Paolo

This book was created to tell the stories

kept in the dark and so that those
whose voices have been silenced by
violence can be heard. From the
masses, to the masses.
 REFERENCES
https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-speculative-fiction-defining-and-understanding-
the-different-genres-of-speculative-fiction

https://21stcenturylitph.wordpress.com/introduction-to-philippine-literature/
https://pepulma.wordpress.com/tag/philippine-flash-fiction-anthology/

https://mschapmansclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/graphic-novel-mrs-christopher-
powerpoint.pptx?
fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR1ZnW3dFpHka1ktqkvsKFNX6fYWvKXutIj8hcQ_x3IWmr_B2id
brbuTeD0_aem_ARDGgeW-C0EuW9lxA2no__98qnQSbNQMmZwz1VrlH4-lXOZ-
CTxcSox8RVw4GShwAsAbmfc7C7eSXVm-_RlKBTnB
 REFERENCES
https://bookriot.com/comics-from-the-philippines/?
fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR20fZ3knamePOhIF0x-aVfue7V14mPui-
PbJy_Vv7lkFkfZ3Yjj1-
4W6TU_aem_ARBIH_S1N793qyD2eF3v0bn94Q2DIocRhPsN51Kc2OxqcZ6OSBmkKahdP98k
NPyHGFBVK0DXjMoegP4FrAOopWA2

https://thesmartlocal.ph/filipino-comics-graphic-novels/?
fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR1n_4BUbktYzDTmHMphSAy8u9UzD7cwQCbvAd9wNxO6zM
TA6Nezd0vJSf8_aem_AeS9vAYQkupDTh_b9ERY6kp2iWLv8mSm5oXmLj6t7EI-
kCMyqBXQVYxgZ2svs95vsEdS1ZDDaKCojlg7Jr7ZZLa1
 REFERENCES
https://www.spot.ph/newsfeatures/the-latest-news-features/64993/10-local-graphic-novels-
worth-reading-a596-20160201-lfrm?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR10kyFWSSf-
MtY3gyRXvRWK8CNR21iOPMkAAf5XnPrRyRb-
8rNirJ29kSM_aem_AeR8DhEIipApZTvbubemPKO3Ay_FIW5u89-
qYjFXwyHw94ulHqgy1arwVOQ8Zqql39cXqCjUAyJKa2eBZgIi511X