2 Hydrocarbons-A-1

Hydrocarbons
Unit III - Module 1

Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this module, the students are expected to:
classify hydrocarbons as saturated and unsaturated.
identify the general formulas for alkanes, alkenes and alkynes
Time Allocation: 2 hours
PREPARATION
Review of previous lesson. Prepare at least ten short questions and to be answered orally in zoom.
Exercise No. 1
Relate and cite the importance of organic chemistry in your life and to the course you choose. (5 points)
Some people may not be fully aware of what things are mostly made of,but as an
aspiring science educator it is of my passion to share the importance of science that
are vital to the cycle of life and to the progress of human society. Organic chemistry as
the main point, a study that deals with carbon and carbon containing compounds plays
an important role in this modern times. The shampoo I used, the cosmetics I have
adored,and the medicines I used to treat my illnesses are just a small part of what
organic compounds can do. Some are not aware of whats behind the production of
medicines, food, clothes and other biotechnologies ideas but it is because of the study
of organic chemistry.
Biochemistry, pestecides and explosives are all highly built on organic compounds and I
know they serve a bigger purpose. Thus, as future educator of sciences,I have foresee
that dealing with organic chemistry will help me to educate my future students about
how can they build a more productive,innovative and progressive society.
With that being said,I may not be only a successful educator but a teacher that
produces innovative minds.
PRESENTATION
The simplest organic compounds contain only the elements carbon and hydrogen, and are called
hydrocarbons. Even though they are composed of only two types of atoms, there is a wide variety of
hydrocarbons because they may consist of varying lengths of chains, branched chains, and rings of carbon
atoms, or combinations of these structures. In addition, hydrocarbons may differ in the types of carbon-
carbon bonds present in their molecules. Many hydrocarbons are found in plants, animals, and their fossils;
other hydrocarbons have been prepared in the laboratory. We use hydrocarbons every day, mainly as fuels,
such as natural gas, acetylene, propane, butane, and the principal components of gasoline, diesel fuel, and
heating oil. The familiar plastics polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene are also hydrocarbons. We can
distinguish several types of hydrocarbons by differences in the bonding between carbon atoms. This leads to
differences in geometries and in the hybridization of the carbon orbitals.
Source:https://www.questtutorials.com/media/static/xi/chemistry/15_Hydrocarbons/01_Classification%20of%20Hydrocarbons.htm
Hydrocarbons are divided into two main groups:

Aliphatic hydrocarbons
Aromatic hydrocarbons
The aliphatic hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated.
The saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons are known as alkanes or paraffins.
They have general formula CnH2n+2. The alkanes show only covalent single bonds.
The unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons may be further classified as alkenes (olefins) and alkynes.
The alkenes are hydrocarbons with general formula CnH2n. They show at least one carbon – carbon double bond.
The alkynes are hydrocarbons with general formula CnH2n-2. They show at least one carbon – carbon triple bond.
PRACTICE
Activity sheet No. 1
Classify the following compounds as alkane, alkene and alkyne and please give the formulas:
1.hexyne 5. methane 9. nonyne
2. butane 6. pentene 10. decane
3. ethyne 7. heptene
4. propene 8. octyne
References:
https://www.labxchange.org/library/items/lb:LabXchange:IEkrmby0:html:1?source=%2Flibrary%2Fbooks%2Flx-book%3A9deb1ae8-68c1-
3325-8992-8b9d999c1d52
https://www.questtutorials.com/media/static/xi/chemistry/15_Hydrocarbons/01_Classification%20of%20Hydrocarbons.htm
COMPOUNDS FORMULA
ALKANE
 Butane C4H10
 Methane CH4
 Decane C10H22
Alkene
 Propene C3H6
 Pentene C5H12
 Heptene C7H14
Alkyne
 Hexyne C6H14
 Ethyne C2H2
 Octyne C8H14
 Nonyne C9H16

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Hydrocarbons

Unit III - Module 1

Time Allocation: 2 hours

Hydrocarbons are divided into two main groups:

The aliphatic hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated.

The saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons are known as alkanes or paraffins.

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