Content Standards: Students demonstrate an understanding of :
1. organisms as having feedback mechanisms, which are coordinated by the nervous and endocrine systems; and 2. how the feedback mechanisms help the organism maintain homeostasis to reproduce and survive Performance Standard: The learners shall be able to: Make an advocacy infomercial on healthy lifestyle The learners should be able to: Describe the structure of male and female reproductive systems and their functions; Discuss the role of hormones involved in reproduction; I. MELC/Objectives Describe the feedback mechanisms involved in regulating the processes in the female reproductive system; and Explain how sexually transmitted diseases can be acquired, prevented, and treated II. Content/ Topic: Human Sexual Reproduction Ramos, J. D. A., Manosca, L. G., Silverio, A. A., Ramos, A. C. & Pisuena, M. E. V. III. References (2019). Exploring life through science: The new grade 10 K-12 ed., 2nd ed. Quezon City, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. IV. Instructional Laptop, PowerPoint, Projector, Learning Activity Sheet, white board Materials V. Teaching Procedure I. PREPARATION A. Preliminaries i. Opening Prayer ii. Checking of Attendance iii. Motivation
Ask and Think:
A. Introduction: Show picture of a baby? How the baby form?
B. Interaction Day 1 1. Fertilization of the Ovum Fertilization Fertilization is the union of the female gamete (egg) and the male gamete (spermatozoa). Whether it occurs naturally inside the female reproductive system or with the assistance of reproductive technologies outside of the human body, the product is a structure called a zygote. When a female is ovulating, she releases one egg into her Fallopian tubes (or more in the case of fraternal twins). During this time, a female’s cervical mucus will thin, in preparation for sperm to pass through more effectively. Following spermatozoa ejaculation inside the vagina, special secretions help them to swim through the cervix towards the uterine tube where fertilization takes place when the sperm penetrates the egg within 24-72 hours. The fertilized egg, or zygote, then begins to move toward the uterus. This cluster of cells rapidly divides, forming an embryo within a complex structure known as the blastocyst.
Embryonic Development Human embryonic development or human embryogenesis is the development and formation of the human embryo. It is characterised by the processes of cell division and cellular differentiation of the embryo that occurs entails growth from a one-celled zygote to an adult human being. Fertilization occurs when the sperm cell successfully enters and fuses with an egg cell (ovum). The genetic material of the sperm and egg then combine to form the single cell zygote and the ger during the early stages of development. In biological terms, the development of the human bodyminal stage of development commences. Embryonic development in the human, covers the first eight weeks of development; at the beginning of the ninth week the embryo is termed a fetus. The eight weeks has 23 stages. Day 2 2. Fetal Development
Fetal development is an orderly and intricate process. It begins before
you even know you’re pregnant and ends with the birth of your baby. Between conception and delivery, there are many detailed steps that have to occur.
Germinal stage - is the shortest stage of fetal development. It begins at conception when a sperm and egg join in your fallopian tube. The sperm fertilizes the egg and creates a zygote. The zygote begins its journey down to your uterus over the course of about one week. During this journey, the zygote divides many times, eventually creating two separate structures. One structure eventually becomes the embryo (and later, the fetus) and the other becomes the placenta. Cell division continues at a rapid pace. Eventually, the zygote turns into a blastocyst. The blastocyst arrives at your uterus and implants into your uterine lining. If implantation is successful, your body immediately begins producing hormones to support a pregnancy. This also stops your menstrual period.
Embryonic stage - lasts from about the third week of pregnancy until the eighth week of pregnancy. The blastocyst begins to take on distinct human characteristics. It’s now called an embryo. Structures and organs like the neural tube (which later becomes the brain and spinal cord), head, eyes, mouth and limbs form. The embryo’s heart begins to develop and pulse around the sixth week. Buds that will become arms and legs also form around the sixth week. By the end of the eighth week, most of the embryo’s organs and systems take shape. For a lot of people, this is the point in pregnancy where morning sickness begins. Fetal stage - fetal stage of development begins around the ninth week and lasts until birth. This is when the embryo officially turns into a fetus. The fetus gets its assigned sex around nine weeks of pregnancy, although your healthcare provider can’t detect it on ultrasound yet. The fetus’s major organs and body systems continue to grow and mature. Things like fingernails, eyelashes and hair also grow. The fetus is able to move its limbs, although you may not feel it until 20 weeks of pregnancy. The majority of growth — in both weight and length — happens in the fetal stage.
Birth is the act or process of bearing or bringing forth offspring, also referred to in technical contexts as parturition. In mammals, the process is initiated by hormones which cause the muscular walls of the uterus to contract, expelling the fetus at a developmental stage when it is ready to feed and breathe.
also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of
pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section. Day 3 3. Most Common ART (Assisted Reproductive Technologies) - refers to fertility treatments and procedures that can help with difficulties or an inability to conceive children. ART techniques involve the manipulation of eggs, sperm, or embryos to increase the likelihood of a successful pregnancy.
Types of assisted reproductive techniques (ART)
In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF) Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Frozen embryo transfer (FET) Day 4 4. Sexually Transmitted Diseases a. Syphilis – caused by Treponema pallidum bacterium incubation period few weeks to several months develops at the site of genitals, rectum, or mouth can cause extensive damage of nervous tissue, leading to paralysis, insanity, and death.
b. Gonorrhea – caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium
invades epithelial lining of vagina and male urethra, rectum, eyes, throat and joints. burning sensation during urination,swelling testicle, pus discharge, vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding, abdominal and pelvic pain lead to pelvic inflammatory disease.
c. Genital herpes - is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause blisters and open sores (lesions) in the genital area, but it can also be asymptomatic, meaning a person does not show symptoms. HSV-1 is mainly transmitted via contact with the virus in sores, saliva or surfaces in or around the mouth. Less commonly, HSV-1 can be transmitted to the genital area through oral-genital contact to cause genital herpes.
d. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an ongoing, also called
chronic, condition. It's caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, also called HIV. HIV damages the immune system so that the body is less able to fight infection and disease. HIV targets the body’s white blood cells, weakening the immune system. This makes it easier to get sick with diseases like tuberculosis, infections and some cancers. HIV is spread from the body fluids of an infected person, including blood, breast milk, semen and vaginal fluids. It is not spread by kisses, hugs or sharing food. It can also spread from a mother to her baby.
C. Integration As student how are you going to educate female about the fetal development? Fetal development is an orderly and intricate process. It begins before you even know D. Closure/ you’re pregnant and ends with the birth of your baby. Generalization Embryonic development or human embryogenesis is the development and formation of the human embryo. E. Assignment Read about Body Regulation, on page 225 of your book Recognize the importance of reproduction Care for reproductive system Values Integration Practice honesty and confidence in discussing ideas on sex education Advocate the preservation of life
How To Have an Easy and Safe Pregnancy and Bring Forth a Healthy Baby: A Pregnancy Book for First Time Moms for a Successful and Healthy Journey through Pregnancy, Childbirth and Newborn
How To Have an Easy and Safe Pregnancy and Bring Forth a Healthy Baby: A Pregnancy Book for First Time Moms for a Successful and Healthy Journey through Pregnancy, Childbirth and Newborn
