What are Gerunds?

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A gerund is a verb in its ing (present participle) form that functions as a noun that
names an activity rather than a person or thing. Any action verb can be made into a
gerund.

Verbing (Present Participle)

 Add ing to most verbs. Ex. play > playing, cry > crying, bark > barking
 For verbs that end in e, remove the e and add ing. Ex: slide > sliding, ride > riding
 For verbs that end in ie, change the ie to y and add ing. Ex: die > dying, tie > tying
 For a verb whose last syllable is written with a consonant-vowel-consonant and is
stressed, double the last letter before adding ing. Ex: beg > begging, begin >
beginning. However: enter > entering (last syllable is not stressed)

What are Infinitives?

An infinitive is a verb form that acts as other parts of speech in a sentence. It is

formed with to + base form of the verb. Ex: to buy, to work.

Infinitive Examples

Infinitives can be used as:

an object following the verb:

Jim always forgets to eat

a subject at the beginning of a sentence:

To travel around the world requires a lot of time and money.

an adverb modifying a verb:

You promised to buy me a diamond ring.

 Gerunds and Infinitives Worksheet 1
Choose the correct gerund or infinitive from the parenthesis.

1. She likes to get up early in the morning. (likes / dislikes)

1. 1. Alan can’t stand _________ on trains. (riding/ to ride)

2. Mr. Harris enjoys _________ people out to dinner. (inviting / to invite)

3. In the old days, gentlemen challenged their rivals _______. (fighting / to fight)

4. As the famous saying goes, there’s no use ______ over spilt milk. (crying / to cry)

5. Jim stopped _________ his shoelace. Wait for him. (tying / to tie)

6. My wife always volunteers ___________ cakes PTA meetings. (baking / to bake)

7. Don’t waste my time ___________ about your salary. (complaining/ to complain)

8. Eva is having trouble _________ on the exam. (concentrating / to concentrate)

9. Please allow me ____________ your Facebook page. (joining / to join)

10. You won’t forget _________milk on your way home, will you? (picking up /to pick
up)
Gerunds and Infinitives Worksheet 2
1. He is determined _________ (win) that race.
2. He lay in bed _________ (plan) the days to come.
3. We went _________ (run) in the morning.
4. Her fear of spiders made _________ (travel) difficult.
5. They don't mind _________ (wait) outside.
6. The problem is_________ (get) there on time.
7. I am accustomed to _________ (take care) of myself.
8. I want him _________ (paint) the wall.
9. _________ (be), or (not be), that is the question.
10. This guy is known for _________ (break) the rules.
11. Sue enjoys _________ (dance).
12. The advantages of _________ (go) by train were clearly visible.
13. Your advice _________ (plan) ahead was excellent.
14. Your addiction to _________ (drink) will not serve you well.
15. I am pleased_________ (meet) you.
Gerunds and Infinitives Worksheet 3

1. The government encourages _________ (recycle).

2. She is tired of _________ (wash) dishes every night.

3. He understood her _________ (leave) so soon.

4. He went _________ (fish) with his father.

5. He wants _________ (take) the test.

6. Kelly offered _________ (take) us home.

7. Her reaction to _________ (win) the Oscar was a bit odd.

8. They want _________ (play) with us.

9. I advised _________ (start) the game.

10. Your support enabled us _________ (finish) on time.

11. He denied _________ (take) the car.

12. Russell was discouraged by _________ (not win) that

match.

13. I promised you _________ (take care) of Jonathan.

14. His decision _________ (quit) was very surprising.

15. David is starting _________ (work) there next week.

Gerunds and Infinitives Worksheet 4

1. I am trying _________ the process of billing (bill).

2. I am very surprised_________ (see) how nice she really is.

3. They plan _________ (serve) hot dogs at the party.

4. They are eager _________ (start).

5. He was proud _________ (receive) such good reviews.

6. You seem_________ (be) disappointed.

7. They stopped _________ (fight).

8. How much is she prepared _________ (pay)?

9. Jane chose_________ (stay) at home.

10. Jane keeps _________ (forget) her keys.

11. I heard her story about _________ (run away) from the
police.

12. I got Tailor _________ (fix) the dish washer.

13. They would like _________ (chat) for a while.

14. She told you _________ (shut up).

15. We are beginning_________ (see) the effects.

Present Simple Worksheet 3

1. I usually_______ (go) to school.

2. They _________ (visit) us often.
3. You________ (play) basketball once a week.
4. Tom ________(work) every day.
5. He always _______(tell) us funny stories.
6. She never________ (help) me with that!
7. Martha and Kevin _________(swim) twice a week.
8. In this club people usually __________ (dance) a lot.
9. Linda ____________ (take care) of her sister.
10. John rarely_____________ (leave) the country.
11. We _____________ (live) in the city most of the year.
12. Lorie____________ (travel) to Paris every Sunday.
13. I _____________(bake) cookies twice a month.
14. You always _________(teach) me new things.
15. She _________(help) the kids of the neighborhood.
Present Simple Worksheet 4

1. London __________(be) in England.

2. The summer _________(be) hot.
3. She __________(drive) very well.
4. They ____________ (open) the store at 8:00.
5. Linda _____________ (be) a very pretty girl.
6. I ____________(have) several jobs.
7. Water ___________(boil) at 100 degrees.
8. Water ___________ (freeze) at 0 degrees.
9. My sister ____________(speak) English.
10. He ______________(have) a big apartment.
11. A triangle ____________ (have) three corners.
12. My birthday _____(be) in June.
13. Books ________(have) pages.
14. Dogs __________ (be) good friends.
15. I ___________(work) hard.
Present Continuous Worksheet 3

1. My son ___________(talk) on the phone right now.

2. _________________________ (you / sleep)?
3. Jason__________ (do) his homework at the moment.
4. Tom __________(work) on a project nowadays.
5. My kids _________ (play) in the garden now.
6. Some people_________ (wait) to talk to you.
7. My wife ___________(not cook) today.
8. ___________(Lucas / study) for his exam right now?
9. ____________(Ryan / play) the piano now?
10.______________ Lea and I (paint) the fences today.
11. Andrea___________ (help) me at present.
12. My children ___________(not listen) to the radio now.
13. Selena ______________(not drink) tea now.
14. I _______________(vacuum) the carpet right now.
15. My father ____________ (watch) TV now.
16. What________________ (she / eat) right now?
17. ________________________ (your dog / hide) from me?
18. What book_________________ (you / read) nowadays?
19. Thomas ______________ (drive) me home now.
20. I______________(wash) my face at the moment.

Present Continuous Worksheet 4

1. I _______________ (build) a sandcastle right now.
2. _________________ (you / buy) these shoes now?
3. Jason _____________ (dig) a big hole at the moment.
4. Tom ______________(draw) a picture of a lion now.
5. The kids _______________ (hide) behind the tree now.
6. My sister _______________ (not make) a cake now.
7. Look! the sun _______________ (rise).
8. _______________(Lucas / ride) his bike right now?
9. ___________________(Ryan / sing) a song now?
10. Lea and I______________ (swim) in the pool at the moment.
11. Andrea _________________(talk) to his teacher at present.
12. Rebeca__________________ (not listen) to you now.
13. Selena _________________(not wear) her glasses now.
14. I _____________(think) of quitting my job nowadays.
15. You ______________(spend) a lot of money nowadays.
16. What __________________ (she / show) to you right now?
17. ________________ (Jess / go) home?
18. Why________________ (you / run)?
19. Thomas__________________ (fly) a kite now.
20. I __________________(try) to finish my project at the moment.

Irregular Verbs List เอาแทรกก่อน present perfect

Direction: Fill in the blank

1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
be _____________ been

beat beat _______________

become became _______________

begin _______________ begun

bite _______________ bitten

blow blew _______________

1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
break broke _______________

bring _______________ brought

build built _______________

burn _______________ burned or burnt

buy _______________ bought

catch _______________ caught

choose _______________ chosen

come came _______________

cut cut _______________

dig _______________ dug

do _______________ done

draw drew _______________

dream _______________ dreamed or dreamt

drive _______________ driven

drink drank _______________

eat ate _______________

fall fell _______________

1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
feel _______________ felt

fight fought _______________

find found _______________

fly flew _______________

forget _______________ forgotten

forgive _______________ forgiven

get _______________ got (sometimes gotten)

give gave _______________

go went _______________

grow _______________ grown

hang _______________ hung

have had _______________

hear heard _______________

hide _______________ hidden

hit _______________ hit

hold held _______________

hurt hurt _______________

1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
keep _______________ kept

know _______________ known

learn learned or learnt _______________

leave left _______________

lend _______________ lent

let _______________ let

lie lay _______________

lose lost _______________

make _______________ made

mean _______________ meant

meet _______________ met

pay paid _______________

put put _______________

read _______________ read

ride _______________ ridden

ring rang _______________

rise rose _______________

1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
run _______________ run

say _______________ said

see saw _______________

sell sold _______________

send _______________ sent

show _______________ showed or shown

shut shut _______________

sing sang _______________

sit _______________ sat

sleep _______________ slept

speak _______________ spoken

spend spent _______________

stand stood _______________

swim _______________ swum

take _______________ taken

teach taught _______________

tear tore _______________

1 V2 V3
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle
tell _______________ told

think _______________ thought

throw threw _______________

understand understood _______________

wake _______________ woken

wear _______________ worn

win won _______________

write wrote _______________

Present Perfect Worksheet 3

1. I ________________(read) your book several times.

2. She ______________(wear) that skirt many times.
3. My family ___________(visit) Brazil a few times.
4. I _____________ (eat) already.
5. Marta ______________(finish) her homework.
6. You ____________(break) the glass again.
7. They _______________(pay) for everything.
8. It ________________(never snow) like that.
9. I __________________(meet) Anna once.
10. We __________________(see) him before.
11. You ________________ (buy) 4 cars so far.
12. There_________________ (be) problems.
13. I _____________(have) a snake.
14. Maria _______________(raise) a monkey.
15. The kids _______________ (grow) so much!

Present Perfect Worksheet 4

1. The students __________________(improve).

2. She __________________(become) really beautiful.
3. Man __________________(invent) many great inventions.
4. People __________________(cause) much destruction to the planet.
5. I __________________( learn) to surf.
6. The class __________________ (do) 5 tests this month.
7. Allison __________________ (find) a few problems with your plan.
8. We __________________ (consult) some doctors about this.
9. I __________________ (meet) Debbie in the last week.
10. In the previous year, we__________________ (double) our income.
11. She __________________ (be) sick since Sunday.
12. You __________________ (be) away for 2 weeks.
13. He__________________ (hate) cheese since childhood.
14. Mark and Katie __________________ (be) together for two years.
15. I __________________ (like) mango since my last trip.

Present Perfect Worksheet 3

wi l l or be going to?

01- Have you got any plans for tomorrow?

- Yes, I _________visit my grandparents.

02- Why is she learning Spanish?

- She _________ travel to Spain.

03- We are thirsty.

- Wait here. I _________ get some water.

04- Meat or fish?

-I _________ have some fish, please.

05- What do you want the keys for?

- I _________ close the door.

06- If you don't take a taxi,

you _________ arrive on time.

07- Why do you want so many oranges?

- I _________ make an orange juice.

08- Oh! I haven't got enough money to pay!

- Don't worry. I _________ lend you some.

09- We need one more player.

- you_________ play with us tomorrow?

10- Why are you switching on the TV?

-I _________ watch a football match.

Present Perfect Worksheet 4

wi l l or be going to?

1. What are your plans for the weekend? I _____________

a geochache. (to hide)

2. Doris is always late. I'm sure she

_____________ late tomorrow, too. (to be)
3. Would you like tea or coffee? I _____________

coffee. (to have)

4. Watch out! You _____________
yourself. (to hurt)

5. The friends_____________ tonight.

They are grounded. (to stay in)

6. It's starting to rain. I

_____________ the umbrella. (to put up)

7. Look! They_____________ the

car. (to wash)

8. I don't think they _____________ their

holidays by the sea again. (to spend)
9. If you don’t stop bullying her, I _____________

the teacher. (to tell)

10. It’s 5 o'clock already. We _____________

the bus. (to miss)

Passive Voice

Everyone drinks water.

Water is drunk by everyone.
"Voice" is a grammatical category that applies to verbs. Voice in English expresses
the relationship of the subject to the action. Voice has two values:

active: the subject does the action

passive: the subject receives the action
The auxiliary be is conjugated in all tenses. The main verb is always the past
participle. The agent is the original "doer" of the action.

Look at some examples:

subject auxiliary main verb by

verb be past participle

I am employed by Apple.

You will be woken at 6.

It will have been finished by then.

We have been notified by Head Office.

subject auxiliary main verb by
verb be past participle

You are being transferred next week.

They will be paid.

Passive Voice Worksheet 1

1) The police catch a lot of criminals in London.

A lot of criminals _______________________

in London.

2) The gardener waters the flowers every day.

The flowers _______________________

every day.

3) We always leave our boots by the door.

Our boots _______________________

by the door.

4) You switch on the machine at the wall.

The machine _______________________

at the wall.

5) They don't rent cars there.

Cars _______________________ there.

 6) Somebody follows me home every evening.

Every evening
_______________________ home.

7) Do you switch the laptop on first?

_______________________ first?

8) Some person leaves the lights on all night.

The lights _______________________

all night.

9) We usually leave a saucer of milk for the cat.

A saucer of milk _______________________

for the cat.

Passive Voice Worksheet 2

Change the sentences into the passive. Keep the same tense. Type the sentences
into the box.

The supermarket has replaced the old shelves.

_______________________________________________________

1. My parents made a shopping list.

_______________________________________________________

2. Chileans were growing grapes over a thousand years ago.

 _______________________________________________________

3. People would exchange goods for food.

_______________________________________________________

4. Mandy won't use their products again.

_______________________________________________________

5. The assistants have packed your shopping.

_______________________________________________________

Passive Voice Worksheet 3

Complete the sentences. Use the passive (present or past) of the verbs:

1.Your room should__________________ (clean) every Saturday.

2. A tree __________________ (blow) down in the storm last Friday.
3. Butter __________________ (make) from milk.
4. This house__________________ (build) now.
5. My watch__________________ (repair) yesterday.
6. The final examination __________________ (hold) next month.
7. These books__________________ (print) in 1976.
8. The knife __________________ (make) of steel.
9. The bridge__________________ (build) before the Second World War.
10. The gate __________________ (lock) every night.
11. His father__________________ (injure) in the car crush last night.
12. I __________________ (bear) in 1970.
13. Flowers __________________ (sell) in that shop.
14. A lot of rice __________________ (grow) in Thailand since 1900.
15. The office__________________ (tidy) every morning.
16. The boy __________________ (beat) by a fat man last night.
17. My finger__________________ (cut) yesterday.
18. His hair ought to __________________ (cut) every month.
19. Tommy __________________ (scold) by Miss Chan lately.
20. That shop __________________ (close) next Monday.

Passive Voice Worksheet 4

Direction: Write the correct form of the verb in the present, past, or future tense.

A – Past Tense Passive

1. The library books _____ __________ yesterday. (return)
2. She _____ __________ something for her headache by a doctor. (give)
3. The parents of the boy _______ so ______________ when they saw his school
report card. (disappoint)
4. The book ______ ___________ in Russian, so I wasn’t able to understand it.
(write)
5. A new computer technician ______ __________ last week. (hire)
6. We ______ __________ that the tickets for the show were unavailable. (tell)
7. ________ there any money __________ from the cash register? (take)
8. This book ______ first _____________ in 1969. (publish)
9. The employees ______ ____________ by management that the compay was going
out of business. (inform)
10. I ______ ___________ how to drive by my older brother. (teach)

B – Present Tense Passive

1. Wars ______ __________ by soldiers, but if the politicians did the fighting, we
wouldn’t have them. (fight)
2. The sounds of birds singing _____ ____________ every morning when I wake up.
(hear)

C – Future Tense Passive

1. She _______ _____ __________ by the doctor now. (see)
2. A new store ______ ______ __________ in that vacant lot. (build)
3. _______ you _____ __________ any training in your new job? (give)
4. The packages ______ ______ ___________ in the morning. (deliver)
5. You ________ ______ _________ next week. (pay)

Correlative Conjunctions
What is a correlative conjunction?

As suggested by their name, correlative conjunctions correlate, working in pairs to

join phrases or words that carry equal importance within a sentence. Like many of the
most interesting parts of speech, correlative conjunctions are fun to use.
In the following examples, the correlative conjunctions have been italicized for
easy identification.
 She is both intelligent and beautiful.
 I will either go for a hike or stay home and watch TV.
 Jerry is neither rich nor famous.
 He is not only intelligent, but also very funny.
 Would you rather go shopping or spend the day at the beach?

Correlative Conjunctions List

There are many pairs of correlative conjunctions. This list contains many of the
most commonly used pairs.

As / as
Both / and
Either / or
Hardly / when
If / then
Just as / so
Neither / nor
Not only / but also
No sooner / than
Not / but
Rather / than
Scarcely / when
What with / and
Whether / or

Correlative Conjunctions Worksheet 1

Complete the following sentences with appropriate pair of correlative conjunction
provided in the choices below them

 I would like to have _______ the starter ______ the main course together.
1. rather-than
2. both-and
3. not-but
  There are ________ cookies ________you may want.
1. so-that
2. hardly-when
3. as many-as
 ________ you stay in bed ___________ you will feel dizzy.
1. the more-the more
2. not only-but also
3. not-but
 Reading a good book is _______ good _________ watching a movie.
1. as-as
2. just as –so
3. so-as
 I think he ___________ likes to party ________ to dine out.
1. whether-or
2. neither-nor
3. such-as
 He was ____________ the chief guest ___________ an alumni of the college.
1. no sooner-than
2. not only-but also
3. hardly-when
 He was ________ a gentleman _________ he took him to a doctor.
1. whether-or
2. so-as
3. such-that
 The teacher had ________ finished ______ the bell rang.
1. hardly-when
2. not-but
3. so-as
 __________ Indians love Mahatma Gandhi ________ the South Africans love
Nelson Mandela.
1. if-then
2. just as-so
3. whether-or
 He arrived_________ for the meeting _______ the manager.
1. scarcely-when
2. rather-than
3. no sooner-than

Correlative Conjunctions Worksheet 2

Complete the following sentences with appropriate pair of correlative conjunction
provided in the choices below them

 I would _______ like to have a little cream on coffee ________ no cream at

all.
1. not-but
 2. rather-than
3. so- that
 ________ were her hairs _______ as a stream meanders down a hill.
1. such-as
2. not-but
3. so-that
 He did______ listen _______ agreed to the demands.
1. as many-as
2. such-as
3. not-but
 I had ________ switched off the lights ________ the dog started barking.
1. both-and
2. as-as
3. scarcely-when
 _______ he is out of town _______ he is not willing to meet?
1. both-and
2. what with-and
3. whether-or
 _________ he went with Sally ______ with Peter.
1. if-then
2. either-or
3. so-that
 _______ the school is closed ______ we will go back home.
1. if-then
2. so- that
3. either-or
 He was ________ concerned about you _______ he was awake whole night.
1. such-as
2. hardly-when
3. so-that

Correlative Conjunctions Worksheet 3

Direction: Fill the right correlative conjunction in the blank

1. Who wrote you this love letter? - I'm not sure. I think it was ___ Michael ___ Paul.
2. ___ Linda ___ Helen called to say sorry. I'm very sad and frustrated.

3. ___ Ryan ___ Susie have disappointed me. They didn't come to my birthday party.

4. Paul has been neglecting us. He ___ calls ___ hangs out with us anymore.

5. He hurt ___ her feelings ___ her dignity. This is unforgivable.

6. ___ loyalty ___ honesty are essential in a friendship.

7. You should ___ disrespect ___ deceive your friends.

8. I will take you ___ to the cinema ___ to the theatre. That's a promise.

Correlative Conjunctions Worksheet 4

Example:
Tom doesn't lie to his friends. Paul doesn't either. (neither...nor)
Neither Tom nor Paul lie to their friends.

1. Fred likes helping his friends. So does Linda.

(both...and)
______________________________________________________________
2. Harry used to date Ann. Or was it Helen?
(either...or)
______________________________________________________________
3. We should learn to accept our weaknesses and our strengths.
(not only...but also)
______________________________________________________________
4. He never listens to or advises his friends when they have a problem.
(neither...nor)
______________________________________________________________
5. I've betrayed your trust. I've betrayed your love for me.
(not only...but also)
______________________________________________________________
6. He felt disappointed. He felt misunderstood.
(both...and)
______________________________________________________________
7. Brian isn't very considerate. Neither is Tom.
(neither...nor)
______________________________________________________________
8. A true friend is someone who is caring and loving.
(both...and)
______________________________________________________________

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct Speech
When we want to describe what someone said, one option is to use direct speech. We
use direct speech when we simply repeat what someone says, putting the phrase
between speech marks:
Paul came in and said, “I’m really hungry.

Indirect Speech
When we want to report what someone said without speech marks and without
necessarily using exactly the same words, we can use indirect speech (also called
reported speech). For example:

Direct speech: “We’re quite cold in here.”

Indirect speech: They say (that) they’re cold.

Using ‘say’ or ‘tell’

As an alternative to using ‘say’ we can also use ‘tell’ (‘told’ in the past) in
reported speech, but in this case you need to add the object pronoun. For
example:

 He told me he was going to call Alan.

 They told her they would arrive a little late.
 You told us you’d already finished the order.

Direct and Indirect Speech Worksheet 1

Direction: Read the following sentences and convert them into indirect speech.

1. Rahul said to me, “When are you leaving?”

______________________________________________________________
2. “Where do you live?” the stranger asked Aladdin.
 ______________________________________________________________
3. The teacher said to Shelly, “Why are you laughing?”
______________________________________________________________
4. Dhronacharya said to Arjun, “Shoot the fish’s eye.”
______________________________________________________________
5. “Call the first convict,” said the jury.
______________________________________________________________
6. “Call the ambulance,” said the man.
______________________________________________________________
7. Bruce said to me, “I shall do the work.”
______________________________________________________________
8. My mother said to me, “You were wrong.”

9. ‘Call the witness,’ said the judge.

______________________________________________________________
10. The speaker said, ‘Be quiet and listen to my words.
______________________________________________________________

Direct and Indirect Speech Worksheet 2

 1. Mr Richard said to me, “Please wait here till I return.”
______________________________________________________________
2. The captain said to me, “Bravo! You have played well.”
______________________________________________________________
3. Raj said, “Alas! My pet died.”
______________________________________________________________
4. Ruchi said, “I may go there.”
______________________________________________________________
5. Bucky said to Steve, “Do you hear me?”
______________________________________________________________
6. The boy said, “Let me come in.”
______________________________________________________________
7. Granny said to me, “May God bless you.”
______________________________________________________________
8. John said to Peter, ‘Go away.’
______________________________________________________________
9. She said to me, ‘Please wait here till I return.’
______________________________________________________________
10. He said, ‘Will you listen to me?’
______________________________________________________________

Direct and Indirect Speech Worksheet 3

1. John said, ‘I am very busy now.’

______________________________________________________________
2. He said, ‘The horse has been fed.’
______________________________________________________________
3. ‘I know her name and address,’ said John.
______________________________________________________________
4. ‘German is easy to learn,’ she said.
______________________________________________________________
5. He said, ‘I am writing letters.’
______________________________________________________________
6. ‘It is too late to go out,’ Alice said.
______________________________________________________________
7. He said to me, ‘I don’t believe you.’
______________________________________________________________
8. He says, ‘I am glad to be here this evening.’
______________________________________________________________
9. He said to me, ‘What are you doing?’
______________________________________________________________
10. ‘Where is the post office?’ asked the stranger.
______________________________________________________________