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1 Some animals live in cold places. They sometimes huddle together as shown in Fig. 1.1.

Cambridge IGCSE™

BIOLOGY 0610/62
Paper 6 Alternative to Practical May/June 2023
1 hour
Fig. 1.1
You must answer on the question paper.
A student investigated the effect of huddling on heat loss from model animals.
No additional materials are needed.

* 5 5 3 9 2 4 3 8 0 2 *
Test-tubes containing hot water represented the animals.
INSTRUCTIONS The student used the method described in step 1 to step 10.
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. Step 1 Place a test-tube in an empty beaker and put a thermometer into the test-tube.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided. Step 2 Approximately half-fill the test-tube with hot water and start the stop-clock.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes. Step 3 After one minute record the temperature of the hot water in the test-tube.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units. Fig. 1.2 is a diagram of part of the thermometer from step 3.

INFORMATION °C
● The total mark for this paper is 40.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
70

60

Fig. 1.2

(a) (i) Record the temperature shown in Fig. 1.2.

..................................................... °C [1]

This document has 12 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

DC (LK/CB) 304973/5
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Step 4 Record the temperature of the hot water in the test-tube every minute for a total of five Fig. 1.5 shows the results the student recorded in their notebook.
minutes.

Step 5 Put three identical test-tubes together and keep them in place with an elastic band, as
shown in Fig. 1.3. Place the group of three test-tubes in an empty beaker. one test-tube: three test-tubes: seven test-tubes:
1 minute = 1 minute = 67 1 = 73°C
2 = 65 2 = 64 2 = 73
3 = 61 3 = 62 3 = 73
elastic band
4 = 58 4 = 61 4 = 72
5 = 55 5 = 60 5 = 72

Fig. 1.5

(ii) Prepare a table and record the results shown in Fig. 1.5 and your answer to 1(a)(i).
Fig. 1.3

Step 6 Half-fill all three test-tubes with hot water and put a thermometer into one of the
test-tubes.

Step 7 Record the temperature in the test-tube at one minute intervals for a total of five minutes.

Step 8 Put seven identical test-tubes together and keep them in place with an elastic band, as
shown in Fig. 1.4. Place the group of seven test-tubes in an empty beaker.

central test-tube

Fig. 1.4

Step 9 Half-fill all seven test-tubes with hot water and put a thermometer into the central
test-tube. [3]

Step 10 Record the temperature in the test-tube at one minute intervals for a total of five minutes.

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(iii) Plot a line graph on the grid of temperature against time. Include all three sets of data (vi) Suggest two possible sources of error in this investigation.
from your table in 1(a)(ii) and a key.
1 ........................................................................................................................................

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2 ........................................................................................................................................

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[2]

(vii) Suggest one improvement to the method that was used in this investigation.

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..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(viii) Identify one hazard for this investigation.

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..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[5]

(iv) State two conclusions for this investigation.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

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2 ........................................................................................................................................

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[2]

(v) State two variables that were kept constant during this investigation.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(b) In mammals, respiration releases heat energy to maintain an optimum temperature for 2 (a) Some plants lose their leaves in the winter and grow new leaves in the spring.
enzyme activity in the body.
A scientist measured the total leaf area of the leaves on one grapevine plant. They repeated
Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch into reducing sugars. this on 100 grapevine plants and found the mean total leaf area per plant.

Plan an investigation to identify the temperature at which the enzyme amylase is most active. This procedure was done every two months for one year. The results are shown in Fig. 2.1.

................................................................................................................................................... 5

................................................................................................................................................... 4

................................................................................................................................................... mean total 3

leaf area
................................................................................................................................................... per plant / m2 2
...................................................................................................................................................
1
...................................................................................................................................................
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
...................................................................................................................................................
month
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Fig. 2.1
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(i) Suggest why a large number of plants were sampled.
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..................................................................................................................................... [1]
............................................................................................................................................. [6]
(ii) Estimate the mean total leaf area per plant for month 7.
[Total: 23]
Show on Fig. 2.1 how you estimated this value.

.......................................................... m2
[2]

(iii) Using the information in Fig. 2.1, calculate the percentage increase in the mean total leaf
area per plant from month 4 to month 6.

Give your answer to two significant figures.

Space for working.

............................................................ %
[3]

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(b) Fig. 2.2 shows a leaf from a grapevine plant. (d) Fig. 2.3 is a photograph of a leaf from a fig plant.

Fig. 2.3

1 cm Make a large drawing of the leaf in Fig. 2.3.

Fig. 2.2

Use the grid to determine the area of the grapevine leaf shown in Fig. 2.2 by counting the
squares containing the leaf.

Only count squares that are more than half-filled by the leaf.

Include the unit.

.......................................................... [2]

(c) Grapevines produce fruits called grapes. A large leaf area is important when growing grapes
because the leaves supply reducing sugars to the grapes.

Describe the method for testing for reducing sugars. Include the result for a positive test.

method ......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

positive test ...............................................................................................................................

[3]

[4]
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(e) State one similarity and one difference between the grapevine leaf in Fig. 2.2 and the fig leaf
in Fig. 2.3.

similarity ....................................................................................................................................

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difference ..................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 17]

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