Field Research
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ScribdTranslationsField Research
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ScribdTranslationsConcept
It is what is carried out directly in the environment
where the study phenomenon occurs . Between the
support tools for this type of
investigation are:
Questionnaire.
The interview.
The survey.
The observation.
The
experimentation.
Field research is presented through the manipulation of an
external variable without rigorous conditions.
In order to describe how or
verified, in Also known as in situ research
controlled, with e since it is carried out at the
Why does a particular situation or event occur?
site where the object of study is located. This
allows for more in-depth knowledge, handling of
data with more security and can be supported in
exploratory, descriptive and
Steps to follow in
Field research
1. Conceive the idea to investigate:
The constant interaction with the environment allows us to
observe situations that often raise a series of questions.
The researcher must select that problem that responds to
many conditions specific to it, as explained below:
• Objectivity : quality of not following personal interests, but launching directly against
the goal, so as not to distort the research and although it is somewhat difficult to get
rid of that subjectivity, you should try to do so.
• Enjoyment of the topic: It is part of the success of the research. When you don't like
the topic, there will be a predisposition for everything you are going to do to go
wrong, there is discouragement, there is no motivation.
• Previous knowledge on the topic: It is important that the researcher be a person who
has reading habits. This record will allow you to be aware of the problem that is going
to be investigated.
• Documentary or bibliographic support : This is the condition that will allow you
to provide the greatest support for what you intend to investigate.
This revision will make the topic no longer be the to others
investigations and who will be with greater knowledgesame
to address, from every point
of view, the selected topic
at that moment.
allows you to visualize the techniques that
2. Theoretical
will operate methodologically in the study,
Framework:
which is composed of a set of basic categories. This framework provides research
with a coordinated and coherent system of concepts and propositions that allow the
problem to be addressed so that it makes sense.
The theoretical framework expands the description of the problem. Integrates theory
with research and their mutual relationships. It is the theory of the problem,
therefore, it is convenient to relate the theoretical framework to the problem and
not to the problem from which it arises. There cannot be a theoretical framework
that is unrelated to the problem.
Examples
Theoretical
framework
Resea
rch
Probl
em
L
e
g
al
B
as
es
• Problem formulation
What will be • Definition
investigated • Delimitation
? • Goals
Theoretical
framework
What is the
• Background
theoretical basis
• Theories -
of the problem? Approaches
• Hypothesis
• Variables
Methodological design
• Population - sample
• Preparation and application of
instruments
How I know • Data analysis and interpretation
will you • Hypothesis verification
investigate? • Conclusions , suggestions and/0
recommendations
3. Define the type of research: It is necessary to take into
account the type of
research or study that is going to be
carried out, since each of these has a
different strategy for its treatment
methodological. Therefore, it must
indicate the type of investigation, if it is a
historical investigation,
descriptive or experimental. If it is
a causal, exploratory or productive study.
4. Establish hypotheses: it is the
necessary link between theory and research that leads us to the
discovery of new facts. Therefore, an explanation for certain facts must
be suggested and the investigation directed at others.
The hypothesis can be developed from different points of view, it can be
based on a presumption, on the results of other studies, on the
possibility of a similar relationship between two or more variables
represented in a study, or it can be based on a theory through which an
assumption of a deductive process leads us to the claim that if certain
conditions are met, certain results can be obtained, the cause-effect
relationship.
5. Sample selection : it is, in essence, a subgroup of the
population. It can be said that it is a subset of elements that belong to
that set defined in their needs that we call population. From the
population it is convenient to extract representative samples of the
universe.
In reality, it is rarely possible to measure the population by what we will
obtain or select, and we certainly hope that this subgroup is a true
reflection of the population.
6. Data collection: refers to the use of a great diversity of
techniques and tools that can be used by the analyst to develop
information systems, which can be interviews, surveys, questionnaires,
observations, diagrams. flow and data dictionary. All these instruments
will be applied at a particular time, with the purpose of seeking
information that will be useful for an investigation.
7 . Analysis of data:
It is at this stage when the researcher feels that his work is being
completed. Here will be pinned your hopes of verifying your
assumptions, as well as the bitter taste that something was missing and
that you must start the path again to see what happened.
The tables you prepare must be analyzed and interpreted to draw your
conclusions. Here comes the objective-subjective critical sense that will
be imparted to those numbers collected in the tables. These numbers are
abstract and it is the researcher who will give them meaning.
8 . Presentation of the results: With the material already collected
and organized, one of the most interesting stages begins, giving it meaning,
form, and explanation of the results obtained. It consists of the culmination.
The complete work of the information with the data processed, analyzed and
interpreted, where it has been possible to determine the validity of the
positions, where the effectiveness of the entire planned process has been
established, where the hypotheses have been verified according to the
selected design, where the variables have been operationalized.
