Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 3 views

    Valve Selection For Bypass of Control Valves

    Uploaded by

    Othman Mat Yaman

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Valve Selection For Bypass of Control Valves

    Uploaded by

    Othman Mat Yaman
    3 views4 pages

    Original Title

    Valve Selection for Bypass of Control Valves

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views4 pages

    Valve Selection For Bypass of Control Valves

    Uploaded by

    Othman Mat Yaman

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Valve Selection for Bypass of Control Valves: A

    Case Study
    A bypass line including a bypass valve is typically installed to provide continuous
    operation in case of regular maintenance of a control valve.
    #maintenance-repair

    KARAN SOTOODEH

    SHARE

    READ NEXT

    • Selecting Non-metal Materials for Valve Components and Coatings

    • Extended Reality Tools Enhance Training

    • The Future of Valve Manufacturing is Already Here

    PreviousNext
    Generally, the control valve marked as CV in Figure 1 is smaller than the line
    size, so it is located between a reducer and an expander. Two block valves
    (e.g., ball or butterfly or gate valves) are provided upstream and downstream
    of the control valve to shut down the line in case of valve maintenance.

    Two small (¾” or 1”) gate valves are located upstream and downstream of the
    control valve for drainage of two piping segments. There is a bypass valve
    (depicted in black) that is normally closed but will be opened for control
    valve maintenance. It is important that the bypass valve has a flow capacity
    close to the control valve to supply almost the same amount of flow through
    the system.

    The next part of this article will focus on challenges related to the selection,
    sizing and operation of this bypass valve.

    CASE STUDY
    A 12” Class 150 22Cr duplex flow control valve is in a cooling water system.
    The manual bypass of this valve was a 12” Class 150 wafer-type butterfly
    valve, chosen to save weight and cost compared to alternative options such
    as a globe valve.

    Figure 2 illustrates the control valve arrangement including the bypass


    butterfly valve as well as two 14” isolation butterfly valves upstream and
    downstream of the control valve. All the valves in Figure 3 are in ASME
    pressure Class 150.

    The Cv value of the control valve is 495 gallons per minute (gpm). The flow
    coefficient, or Cv, is a universal capacity index and is simply defined as “the
    number of U.S. gallons of water per minute at 60°F that will flow through a
    valve with a pressure drop of one psi.” The 12” bypass butterfly valve
    provides a Cv value of 4563 gpm, which is much higher than the control
    valve.

    FIVE POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS


    1. Changing the type of the bypass valve

    Globe valves have higher pressure drop and less Cv value compared to
    butterfly valves in the same size and pressure class. Additionally, globe
    valves have better flow control characteristics and range ability. The
    disadvantage of this solution is increased cost, and this solution is not
    preferred if the bypass valve has already been ordered as a butterfly valve.
    Figure 3 illustrates a globe valve during the inspection.

    2. Ordering a butterfly valve with specific Cv

    Generally, it could be a good solution for ordering the bypass valve with a
    special Cv close to the control valve. However, it is not possible to have a 12”
    butterfly valve with a Cv value as small as 495 gpm. Ordering a valve with
    special Cv increases the cost since the valve is different from the standard
    valve manufacturer product.

    3. Reducing the size of the butterfly valve on the bypass line

    The Cv value of the 4” butterfly valve in this case is 234 gpm, which is too
    low. On the other hand, a 6” butterfly valve has a Cv value of 819 gpm, which
    is higher than the required Cv. Therefore, both sizes cannot satisfy the
    required Cv in fully open condition. However, it is possible to partially open
    the 6” butterfly valve to get a flow capacity close to the control valve.

    4. Using an orifice plate (disk) to reduce the flow capacity

    An orifice plate is a device used for measuring flow rate, reducing pressure
    or restricting flow (in the latter two cases it is often called a restriction plate).
    The orifice plate should be installed after the bypass valve to limit the flow
    capacity. Orifice plate is installed between orifice flanges and the pressure
    values upstream and downstream of the orifice are measured through
    pressure gauges in Figure 4.

    5. Considering the bypass valve for throttling (flow control)

    The manual bypass valve is not 100% percent open during the operation.
    Thus, the operator should partially open the butterfly valve to get a flow
    capacity close to the control valve.

    Valve suppliers provide a flow characteristic curve based on the opening


    percentage of the valve. As an example, Figure 5 indicates the flow capacity
    of the butterfly valves in different sizes from 3” to 36” based on the opening
    degree of the valve. The values of flow capacity have been given in Kv values.
    The relationship between Cv and Kv values is given through equation 1. Kv
    indicates the flow capacity of a valve in m3/h, which flows through the valve
    at a pressure drop of 1Bar.

    The opening angle of the bypass valve can be adjusted to provide a Cv value
    close to the control valve. A flow transmitter should be installed on the pipe
    to measure the flow rate passing through the bypass valve during the valve
    operation. It is possible to calculate the flow capacity by knowing the Cv
    value of the valve through equation number 2.

    CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS


    For operation, sizing and selection of a manual valve on a bypass line, the
    flow capacity or Cv value of the bypass valve should be almost the same as
    the control valve.

    A 12” wafer-type butterfly valve was selected for the bypass line, which has
    higher flow capacity than the control valve. Different solutions to solve this
    issue were offered, but the preferred solution is to reduce the size of the
    valve to 6” according to solution number 3 and use the valve for throttling on
    the condition that the 12” valve has not been ordered. Using a flow orifice
    (restriction orifice) can be a good solution if a 12” butterfly valve has already
    been ordered and is subject to a high cancellation cost. Alternatively, the 12”
    valve could be opened partially to get specific flow capacity close to the
    control valve as per solution number 5.

    Karan Sotoodeh is specialist piping and valve engineer at Aker Solutions.

    You might also like