SW6000 Corneal Topographer

User’s Manual
 Table of Contents
1. MANUAL CONVENTIONS ...................................................................... 4
2. INTENDED PURPOSE .............................................................................. 4
3. IMPORTANT FACTS ................................................................................. 4
3.1. CLINICAL RESULTS ...................................................................................... 5
3.2. RADIATION .................................................................................................. 5
3.3. ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS ................................................................... 5
3.4. INTERFACE ................................................................................................... 5
3.5. SIDE EFFECTS ............................................................................................... 5
4. INSTALLATION ......................................................................................... 6
4.1. SOFTWARE INSTALLATION ..................................................................... 6
5. TESTING A PATIENT.............................................................................. 10
5.1. PATIENT SELECTION .............................................................................. 10
5.2. POSITION THE PATIENT.......................................................................... 11
5.3. CAPTURING PATIENT EXAM .................................................................. 12
5.4. ALTERNATE METHODS OF PATIENT SELECTION ..................................... 16
5.5. SAVE THE EXAM .................................................................................... 17
5.6. ANALYZE THE EXAM .................................................................................. 17
6. ANALYSING AND VIEW EXAM RESULTS ........................................ 17
6.1. SELECTING THE EXAM RESULT .................................................................. 17
6.2. SETTING THE EXAM VIEW MODE ............................................................... 18
Details View ................................................................................................. 18
Single View .................................................................................................. 19
Combination View ....................................................................................... 19
Compare View ............................................................................................. 20
Multiple View .............................................................................................. 21
Numeric View............................................................................................... 22
6.3. CHANGING THE VIEW SETTINGS ................................................................ 24
Map Types .................................................................................................... 24
Setting up the color key ............................................................................... 32
Zooming and Panning ................................................................................. 33
Exam Filters ................................................................................................ 33
Sorting SW6000 Exams ............................................................................... 34
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 Backing up the SW6000 Database .............................................................. 34
Archiving the SW6000 Exam Data .............................................................. 35
Restoring the Archived Exam Data ............................................................. 37
FITTING CONTACT LENSES ....................................................................... 39
7.1. CREATE A NEW CONTACT LENS ................................................................. 39
7.2. EDITING THE LENS DESIGN ........................................................................ 40
7.3. SETTING UP THE COLOR KEY ..................................................................... 41
7.4. SAVING THE FITTING EXAM ....................................................................... 42
7. KERATOCONUS SCREENING ............................................................. 42
8. CALIBRATION......................................................................................... 43
9.1. INSTALLATION OF CALIBRATION BALL ........................................................ 44
9.2. CAPTURING CALIBRATION IMAGES ............................................................ 47
9. CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE ...................................................... 52
10.1. ROUTINE HYGIENE AND CLEANING ......................................................... 53
10.2. CLEANING OF CONTAMINATED OPTICS .................................................... 53
10.3. CALIBRATION OBJECT ............................................................................. 54
TROUBLE SHOOTING................................................................................... 54
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................. 56

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1. MANUAL CONVENTIONS

In discussing the normal interaction between the software and those involved in
a particular operation, exam or exam review, this manual uses the term
Clinician to refer to the person operating the equipment, and Patient to refer to
the person undergoing the exam.

2. INTENDED PURPOSE

The SW6000 Corneal Topographer is a computerized Videokeratometer using

Placido rings to map the surface of the human cornea. The map is captured in
three-dimensions and can be displayed subsequently using a number of
representations.
The cornea map can be represented in two-dimensional surface coordinates
(Cartesian or Polar) with the third dimension expressed in curvature (mm),
optical power (Diopter), elevation (mm), or corneal height (mm). The map is
presented as a 2D color map or a 3D perspective. It can be displayed according
to different definitions of curvature or elevation. The options are axial curvature
and power, tangential curvature and power, elevation, shape factor, and best-fit
radius.
The clinical applications include providing measured corneal data for contact
lens fitting, refractive surgery, orthokeratology and general assessment of the
corneal surface.
The SW6000 shall only be used as described in this manual and only for the
intended purpose.

3. IMPORTANT FACTS

The SW6000 Corneal Topographer is a highly accurate measuring instrument. It

measures and maps the surface of the human cornea and represents the results in
various quantities and output forms that can be applied in various medical
applications. It combines these results with theoretical surface shapes to form
the basis for precise contact lens fitting.

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3.1. Clinical Results

This manual does not provide guidance on interpretation of clinical results.

The clinician must ensure that he or she has received appropriate medical
training in such interpretation. For this reason we cannot be held responsible for
any misdiagnosis of results.

3.2. Radiation

The SW6000 emits radiation in the visual range for illumination in the distinct
wavelength 760nm (red LED cone illumination), 530nm (green LED fixation
target) and 950nm (non-visible infrared profile illumination). The levels of
intensity of this illumination are less than 50 cd/m2, below any levels known to
be hazardous.

3.3. Electromagnetic Emissions

This device emits no harmful or undesired electromagnetic emissions.

3.4. Interface

Strong electromagnetic interference from other unprotected devices may affect

the performance or results of the SW6000. If the use of such devices with high
electromagnetic emissions cannot be avoided, do not use the SW6000 and the
device simultaneously.

3.5. Side effects

No undesired side effects to patient or clinician or other persons are known,

when using this instrument under normal conditions and for the intended
purpose.

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4. INSTALLATION

4.1. Software Installation

Software and Driver installation instructions of Corneal Topography

1. Double-click SW6000 Setup V1.0.3.0.exe, this installation package will

automatically install operating software and hardware drivers.

2. Select the language to use in the pop-up dialog box and click “Yes”.。

3. Select the installation path of the operating software and click “Next”.

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4. Click “Next”.

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5. Click “Next” Again.

6. Click “install” to start the installation.

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7. Installation packages will automatically install operating software at first

8.The installation package then automatically installs the hardware driver.

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9. Click “Finish” to complete the installation

Then you can find shortcuts to software on your desktop.

5. TESTING A PATIENT

The following sections describe the steps to performing an examination with the
SW6000 instrument

5.1. Patient Selection

The recommended practice is to have a patient selected before starting to capture

and analyze an exam. (Fig 1) shows the SW6000 viewer initial display with a
patient selected in the explorer pane.

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 Fig 1

5.2. Position the Patient

In order to capture good quality and accurate images some precautions should be
followed in positioning the patient correctly. While these are well known and
standard practice for corneal topography examinations, here we reiterate the
most important points as they apply to the SW6000.
The Patient should sit comfortably in the chair. Ask the patient to put his chin
onto the chinrest and put her forehead firmly against the forehead rest.
She should then push her chin forward on the chinrest. If the patient has deep-set
eyes instruct her to move her head back from the headrest. This rotates the eye
away from the eyebrow and eyelashes and produces better coverage and fewer
interruptions of rings on the upper cornea. Adjust the eye height to the level
marks on the chinrest.
Ask the patient to look into the center of the yellow fixation target and keep her
gaze on this target. The target center point together with the center of the ring
pattern on the eye defines the Video-Keratoscope axis (VK-axis), the reference
axis to which the axial radius/power is calculated (the values for tangential
radius/power are less affected by the fixation). If the patient is fixating on the
target, the VK-axis is aligned with the line of sight.
When an image is taken with the patient not fixated on the target, the axial
power is not referenced to the line of sight, but to an arbitrary axis which may
not be reproducible in future exams and may not represent the visual refractive
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properties of the patient’s eye. In most cases examining the position of the
center of the pupil easily identifies this. For images with good fixation the pupil
center is aligned with the center of the VK-axis (center of the Polar and
Cartesian grids). If unsure, re-capture the image and view the difference
between the two images. Axial power maps are identical for fixated eyes. The
tangential power for both images should have their center in the same position
relative to the pupil center.
Ask the patient to open eyelid as much as possible and close the other eye if
necessary.

5.3. Capturing Patient Exam

Click the button or the File > New > Exam menu to display the SW6000
Capture View (see Fig 2). The red illumination rings inside the SW6000 cone
turn on.

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 Fig 2 Capture View

Fig 3 Capture control window

Fig 4 Captured image window

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Capture Control Window Features (see Capture control window):
Pause: freeze the live video from the capture card
Center Zoom: select to show the center-focusing region in a zoom mode
Focus Compact: if selected, pictures well focused will be automatically
captured; otherwise, the focusing range will expand so that the not so well
focused pictures could be automatically captured, which may inevitably incur
errors to the calculation of the exam results, however, this option is of particular
use when the patient is hard to focus.
Manual: if selected, the button Manual should be enabled, images can be
captured manually clicking the button Manual. This option is of particular use
if it is impossible for the patient to be well fixed or well focused.
Clear: select to clear all the images captured and shown in the captured zone.

The focusing window shows live video from the SW6000. The yellow and red
target overlaid on the focusing window provides three-dimensional centering
and focusing information. The red crosshair indicates the keratoscope axis. The
red bar moving along a three-dimensional runway indicates the distance of the
eye from the optimal focusing plane. The “view” is from the camera’s
perspective, so if the red bar is at the top or narrowest part of the runway then
the patient is still too far away.
The SW6000 joystick allows positioning in three dimensions. Move the joystick
in the desired direction for movement left and right and for closer to or further
away. Rotate the joystick knob for movement up and down, clockwise to raise,
anti-clockwise to lower.
Using the joystick, position the SW6000 relative to the patient’s eye so that the
reflection of the Placido rings is centered on the red crosshair, and the red bar is
over the horizontal red line. Automatic capturing is selected according to best
centering, focusing and least eye movement. Figure 2 shows a typical capture
screen display.
It may not be possible to align the red focusing bar over the horizontal cross bar
for patients with deep set eyes, because of contact between the bridge of the
nose and the instrument. In this case, The clinician should ask the Patient to turn
around her head a bit to get a comfortable position with her eye fixed on the
fixation target. Then try it again. If failed, the capturing process should be
finished under manual capture mode: Select the radio button Manual in the
capture control window (see Fig 3), then, center the Placido rings on the red
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crosshair and bring the red focusing bar as close to the horizontal red line as
possible without causing patient discomfort. Provided that the red bar is
somewhere within the focusing range (i.e. not at the very end), press the button
Manual to capture the image.

Fig 5 Focus examples showing Too Far, In Focus, and Too Near
Ask the patient to open her eyelid as much as possible and close the other eye if
necessary. Images captured whose profile window was interrupted by eyelash
should be cleared and redo the process.

Too
far

Fig 6 Focus examples showing profile window disrupted by eyelash, clean

profile window
In addition, Images captured in which the first ring was abridged should be
discarded, since a clear first ring of striking contrast is the solid base for the
calculation.

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5.4. Alternate Methods of Patient Selection

Exams cannot be saved unless a patient is selected. If a patient or a patient exam

is currently selected before starting the capture window, then a new exam is
created for that patient. Otherwise the exam is created without reference to a
patient.
However, a patient can be selected or deselected from either the Capture or
Analysis window while capturing a patient exam. Click on the button or the
menu File > Clear Patient clears the currently referenced patient for the exam.
Click on the button or the File>Select Patient Menu to bring up the Find
Patient dialog (see Fig 7).

Fig 7 Find Patient Dialog

Select a patient from this list and click OK; you can now save an exam against
this patient.

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5.5. Save the exam

Click on the Save Button beside the captured window, see (Fig 4) image
shown in the window can be saved and added to the SW6000 database, in
addition, a Patient Exam item is added to the Explorer pane under the current
patient.

5.6. Analyze the exam

Click on the Analyze Button beside the captured window (see Fig 4) to view
the exam results. (See ANALYSING AND VIEW EXAM RESULTS)

6. ANALYSING AND VIEW EXAM RESULTS

The SW6000 software provides a variety of ways in which to view exam results.
The Exam View mode controls how selected exams are displayed (see 6.2.
Setting the Exam View Mode).
For each of these modes you can set the type of data to display (See 6.3.
Changing the View Settings), and the color mapping (see Setting up the color
key).

6.1. Selecting the Exam Result

The first step in viewing Exam Results is selecting the exam to view. To select
the exam for a particular patient, click on the left or right eye exam symbol or
the date of the exam in the SW6000 Explorer pane.

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 Fig 8 Select and Display an existing exam
The View pane now displays the exam result. Fig 8 shows a single right eye
image. How the exams are displayed depends on the current View Mode.

6.2. Setting the Exam View Mode

The View Mode controls how the selected Patient Exams are displayed. You
select the View mode from the combo list or the corresponding toolbar button.
The combo selections and toolbar buttons for the various modes are:

Details View

Firstly, Select the Exam to view in the SW6000 Explorer pane, then right click
the Selection, Click the item Edit in the popup menu to display textual
information about the Selected Patient Exam (see Fig 9). It provides for the
Clinician to add comments and, where an exam has been attributed to the wrong
patient, to change the owning Patient.

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 Patient Sam

Doctor Mike

Date
Eye
Doctor advice

Parameter

History
Left/Right eye Date Name
Sam

Apply Save Cancel

Fig 9
In the SW6000 Viewer, the windows can be switched between several modes to
gain different perspective to display the Patient’s Corneal Topography.

Fig 10 The Mode Switch Toolbar

Single View

Click on the button . This displays one selected Patient Exams.

Combination View

Click on the button or the View > Combination menu. This view displays
four separate views of the selected Patient Exam (see Fig 11).
The Map Type and settings for each image can be controlled independently.
Use this view for an overview of the corneal data.
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 Fig 11 Combination View

Compare View

Click on the button or the View > Compare menu. This view displays two
selected Patient Exams and the difference between them. Use this view to
observe changes over time and healing patterns.

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 Fig 12 Compare View

Multiple View

Click on the button or the View >4 Tests menu. This view displays up to
four selected Patient Exams simultaneously. The Map Type and settings for each
image can be controlled independently. Use this view to compare multiple
images.

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 Fig 13 Multiple View

Numeric View

The Analysis Details Dialog provides numerical readouts of various analysis

parameters at a specified meridian and chord for the currently selected exam.
Select the button or the View > Details menu to display the Analysis
Details dialog (see Fig 14). This displays the corneal height, shape factor and
apical curvature at the selected chord and meridian. The Steep and Flat buttons
set the meridian to the steep and flat axis respectively.

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Fig 14 Analysis Details Dialog

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6.3. Changing the View Settings

You can customize the information displayed for a Patient Exam for each Exam
View Mode (see 6.2. Setting the Exam View Mode). First display the Map View
Settings dialog (see Fig 15) by clicking on the button . The dialog allows you
to set both the Map Type to display and for setting a considerable number of
options.

Fig 15 Map View Setting Dialog

These options are applied to the image as you change them. Once you are
satisfied with your display settings, click OK and the changes will be saved. If
for any reason you do not want to save the changes, click Cancel and the display
will revert to the original settings.
You can click at any time on the Defaults button to restore the software defaults.

Map Types

The Map Type controls the type of data displayed for a Patient Exam. The types
24
displayed in the following list are selected from the drop-down boxes in either
the Toolbar or the Map View Settings dialog (see Fig 15). In each case the
images are of the same exam.

Axial Power Map

Displays the paraxial power of the surface in Diopters with respect to the
keratoscope axis.

Fig 16 Axial Curvature Map

Tangential Power Map

Displays the local paraxial power of the surface in Diopters.

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 Fig 17 Tangential Power Map

Elevation Map

Displays the distance from a specified best-fit sphere to the surface in microns.
Positive values indicate the surface is above the best-fit sphere. The Radius of
the best-fit sphere is shown on the top right text block of the Pane (see Fig 18).

Fig 18 Text Data Block

26
 Fig 19 Elevation Map
The data may be viewed as either a two-dimensional plan as above or as a
three-dimensional image. These views are selected by clicking the appropriate
button:
Plan – 2-dimensional
Perspective – 3-dimensional
A 3-dimensional exam view is displayed without the eye image. An example for
the same image used above is shown in Fig 20.

Fig 20 Plan View, Perspective View

The Options toolbar (below) provides a quick means of changing the map and
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display type.
Apart from the Map Type selection, the View Settings dialog contains a number
of controls that can help in interpreting and analyzing the exam result (the
button presents these dialogs).
Before Changing the View Settings of the Map, you should firstly enable the
pane that you tend to apply the settings to, especially if in Modes such as
Combination View, Compare View, Multiple view that are constituted with
several sub-view, the settings will only be applied to the sub-pane which is
enabled (See Fig 21). Simply Clicking in the pane will make it enabled.
Disabled Enabled

Fig 21 Sub-Panes Disabled and Enabled

The set of image option controls in the View Settings dialogs are summarized
below.

Bak Image

Displays the raw video image. The color map is displayed transparently over the
image. You can set the level of transparency with the Transparency spin box.
Displaying Effects can be achieved as follows:
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 Fig 22 with absolute opacity, with half absolute opacity, with no opacity

Image

Displays the color-mapped data. Disabling the color map allows you to examine
the raw video image.

Ring

Draw the outline of the Placido ring, this option is of particular use to check if
there’s something wrong with the Edge Find Algorithm.

Fig 23 Displaying with ring outlined

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Grid

Displays a one-millimeter rectangular grid, centered on the keratoscope axes,

overlaying on the color map.

Polar

Displays a polar reference ring, centered on the keratoscope axis, overlaying the
color map.

Section

Displays a cross-section of the displayed data in a window below the color map.
A white Section indicator line is displayed over the color map to indicate the
source of the cross section. To show the wave data below, you should first select
and Enable the Section line that will become light yellow, and allow you to
rotate and translate the line (See Fig 24). The vertical axis of the Section graph
covers the same range as the current color key. Note that the image may contain
data that is outside the currently selected color key, resulting in parts of the
section graphic being clipped at the window edge(s).

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 Fig 25 Section Display

Readout

Displays a readout marker (a white cross) over the color map. The location of
the readout marker relative to the keratoscope axis, and the data values at that
location, are displayed in the bottom right hand corner of the image. The values
presented are in terms of the currently selected Map Type. Clicking and
dragging with the left mouse button moves the readout marker and updates the
readout in real time.

Shape Factor

Keratometry Index

On the left-hand side of each image there is a Top and Bottom block of text data.
Numerically, the Upper Block display the Corneal Shape Factor, and the Lower
one the Sim k in Diopters / Sim k in mm. The Sim k values contain information
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in 3mm, 5mm, and 7mm zone.
Here we define the terminology Simk1 /Simk2 as the simulated keratometric
(SimK) values for the steep (in the red) and Flat (in blue) axes of eye,
DK (in white) is referred to the corneal cyl.
On the right-hand side of each image there is a bottom block of text data, click
the map zone, it will display,and it contains:
R:
H
Va
Ang
Notes:
Here we define the parameters of a (prolate) ellipse as(where Line PO represents
the visual axis ):

Fig 26 Ellipse
E (Eccentricity)
This is the standard mathematical eccentricity value of the ellipse defined by the
shape factors. The SW6000 computes this from
min(a, b) 2
e  1
max(a, b)2

b2
SF  1 
a2

Setting up the color key

Clicking the Button at the bottom of the Color Key

Pane will bring up the Color Key Customize Dialog (below) in which you can

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set the appropriate Color Key, including:

OK Cancel

Fig 27 Fig 28

Wilson Range From 28.0D~65.5D, 1.5D Step

Maguire Range From 32.0D~57.0D, 1.0D Step
Normalise Range From 40.7D~44.7D, 0.4D Step
Customize Customizable Color Key (See Fig 28)

Zooming and Panning

You can zoom and pan the currently displayed Patient image using the
Image > Zoom and Image > Pan menu items. You can use the Image >
Zoom > Reset menu item to reset the default image view.
Using the Mouse to Pan and Zoom
You can also use the mouse to pan or zoom within a single image. Select the
Pan, or Zoom option from the Image > menu or by clicking with the right

mouse button over the image or the toolbar

The shape of the cursor will change to reflect the current cursor mode.
You can also use Hot Keys (refer to the menu) to Operate in the Zooming and
Panning Mode.

Exam Filters

Exam filters allow you to restrict that Exams are shown in the Explorer pane.
Filter By Patient
Only Patient who fulfills a certain criteria would their exam results shown in the
Explorer Pane.
Filter By Clinician
Only Clinician who fulfills a certain criteria would their Patient’s exam results
shown in the Explorer Pane.
Filter By Time
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Only Exam, which was taken during a certain period of time, would be shown in
the Explorer Pane.

Sorting SW6000 Exams

The SW6000 Exams displayed in the Explorer pane can be sorted by any of the
column headings.
Sorting the Patients
Sorting the Clinicians

Backing up the SW6000 Database

SW6000 exam data is stored in the SW6000 sub-directory under the

directory (C:\SW6000 for a typical install).

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 To backup the SW6000 database:
1. Exit SW6000 Viewer.
2. Copy the SW6000 directory to a backup media.

Archiving the SW6000 Exam Data

The SW6000 software provides a mechanism for archiving SW6000 Exam

Data to an external file or backup media. Archiving is used to reduce the size of
the SW6000 database to prevent it completely filling the hard disk or exceeding
the capacity of the backup media.
Select [Tools->Archive…] to display the Archive Dialog (see Fig 29).

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 Fig 29
Set the archive cut-off date and click on Update. All exams captured
between the given date range will be displayed in the list box below.
NOTICE .
Exams have been archived would not display.

Select any exams that you want to archive and click on the Archive… Button
and enter the name and location of the archive file that will be created. This
creates an archive file and an associated directory containing the data files.

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Once the archive file/directory has been created it can be copied to a backup
media (tape or CD-ROM) and then deleted.
NOTICE
Note that archiving does not remove the exam information from
the database – only the image data. The exam information takes
up very little space and is left as a placeholder for the exam. If
you delete the exam placeholder for an archived exam the
archived image for that exam cannot be restored.
Note that if archived files or the associated directory were lost,
the exams contained in would not be able to display.

Restoring the Archived Exam Data

Archiving moves the video and analysis data for SW6000 Exams from the
SW6000 data directory (Default : C:\SW6000\Database\Archive\0)to the archive.
When you select an SW6000 Exam that has been archived the software attempts
to get the data from the archive. If the archive has been moved, the exam would
not be able to display until you recover the Archive files to the right places.
The Archive pane in the Review Views displays the name of the archive file and
the date it was created (see Fig 30) for exams that have been archived.

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 Fig 30
To restore exam data from an archive:
• Select the [Tools->Restore…] menu item.
• Specify the location and name of the archive file.

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FITTING CONTACT LENSES

The SW6000 software provides a simulated fluorescein display for evaluating

the fit of RGP contact lenses (see Fig 31). This is a simulation and should only
be used as a guide to the expected fit.

Fig 31

7.1. Create a new Contact Lens

Before proceeding with contact lens fitting you should have captured exams for
both eyes of the patient (see Capturing Patient Exam).

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Select the Patient Exam on the Explorer pane and open it displaying in the
SW600 Viewer, then click on the button . This displays the Contact Lens
Design dialog shown in Fig 32.

Fig 32 Setting the Refraction Info

The Contact Lens Design dialog (see Fig 32) allows you to select the lens design
to use. The recommended parameters for the design are automatically calculated
based on the eye geometry. The simulated fluorescein pattern is computed and
displayed.
The dialog also allows you to specify the manifest refraction that the software
uses to calculate the required contact lens power. The dialog is displayed when
creating a new contact lens. You can also use it to review the design or
refraction for an existing contact lens by clicking the button or the Contact
Lens > Ref Review menu.

7.2. Editing the Lens Design

Click on the button to display the contact Lens Designer dialog. This is
normally displayed automatically when you create a new contact lens. The
parameters that are displayed and can be changed in this dialog depend on the
selected lens design. Typically the controls allow you to change parameters such
as the lens diameter, base optic curve radius and peripheral curve parameters.
Enter values in the numeric text boxes by clicking the spin-buttons or using the
keyboard. For all lens designs, changing values may cause other values to be
recalculated to match. For instance, when the base optic radius is changed the
peripheral curve parameters are generally automatically updated. For the lens
design dialogs where this occurs, the automatically generated values can be
overridden by changing them manually.
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 Fig 33 Contact Lens Designer Dialog
BOZRF: radius of the base curve
BOZD: diameter of the base curve zone
PERI1: the first peripheral curve
WIDTH1: the width of the first peripheral curve zone
RF: the radius of the peripheral curve

Click on the Apply button to display the simulated fluorescein pattern for the
new parameters. The Cancel button reverts to the previous parameters.

7.3. Setting up the Color Key

Click on the Button under the Color Key Pane to bring

up the CL Adjust Dialog setting up or revising the Color Key Which mapping
the clearance between the anterior corneal and the posterior lens to the simulated
fluorescein pattern.

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 Fig 34 CL Adjust Dialog
Changes will update the displaying in real time in the dialog, Click on the
Button OK all the setting will be applied to the Displaying window while
Cancel undo.

7.4. Saving the Fitting Exam

Click on the Button to save the Fitting Exam, A Fitting Exam item, identified
with the icon , is added to the Explorer pane under the current exam result of
the current patient.

7. KERATOCONUS SCREENING

Before proceeding with Keratoconus Screening you should have captured exams
for the patient (see Capturing Patient Exam). Select the Patient Exam on the
Explorer pane and open it displaying in the SW600 Viewer, then click on the
button . This displays the Keratoconus Screening Viewer shown in Fig 33.
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 Indices indicate the

similarity of keratoconus

Indices related to

calculate KCI and KISA.

Color-Representation of

the severity.

Explanation of the Indices

Fig 35 Keratoconus Screening

Moving the mouse over one of the Terminology (for example,KCI),the cursor
indicating the mouse will change to a hand cursor automatically. Press it down,
and the explanation of the terminology will be displayed in the text block.
Which is at the bottom of the pane.

8. CALIBRATION

The accuracy and repeatability of exam results is dependent on ensuring that the
SW6000 is correctly calibrated. The instrument is supplied with a calibration
object, which is calibrated to the National Standard.
Handle and maintain this object with care! Do not touch, scratch or dent the
object surface; it is a delicate optical device.
If any surface defects are identified the object must be replaced to ensure the
best calibration result. You should check the calibration of the instrument:
 After installation or moving the system to another location.
 On a monthly basis the button or Tools > Calibrate menu runs the
Calibration Wizard, which allows you to recalibrate the instrument. The
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 following sections describe the Calibration Wizard Steps.

9.1. Installation of calibration ball

1. Take the calibration ball part and the support rod out of the box

2. Connect the calibration ball component to the support bar

3.Clip the support rod groove on both sides of the forehead bracket, and the
direction of the ball is directed toward the Placido Cone.

44
As shown in the figure below, the right hand rests on the non-rotating side of the
support rod, while the left hand counterclockwise rotates the threaded part of the
support rod until the support rod can be stuck on the forehead bracket.
Note: Do not use too much force on the threaded part of the support rod after the
card is installed to avoid damage to the post bracket

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 Thread part of support
rod

Calibration ball installation completed

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9.2. Capturing Calibration Images

The Calibration Wizard captures five separate images of the calibration object at
different locations within the instrument’s working range (see fig46). It analyses
these images to measure the error in the current calibration.
The SW6000 joystick allows positioning in three dimensions. Move the joystick
in the desired direction for movement left and right and for closer to or further
away. Rotate the joystick knob for movement up and down, clockwise to raise,
anti-clockwise to lower.
Position the instrument to align the center of the rings with the Central cross and
the focusing bar over the central horizontal cross hair. When the instrument is
properly positioned the wizard will automatically capture the image. And then
the calibrate routine will update several parameters to allow you to repeat the
process to capture each of the five images.
Vibration of large amplitude should be avoided to guarantee the veracity
of the calibration routine.

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Click on the Button or Tools > Calibrate menu to bring up the Calibration
Wizard Dialog

Fig 36 Calibration Wizard Dialog

Click on the Start button, tips about focusing precision will show up ( below
Fig ).

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 Fig 37 Capturing
Position the instrument to align the center of the rings with the Central cross and
the focusing bar over the central horizontal cross hair. When the instrument is
properly positioned the wizard will automatically capture the image. In addition,
under the Auto Capturing Mode, only focusing precision at all x/y/z directions
achieves 95% (see Fig 38) would the Calibration Image be automatically
captured.

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 Fig 38 Focus well, Captured

Repeat the process above to capture each of the five images.

As soon as the last of the five has been captured, the button Calibrate will be
enabled. Press it down to run the calibration routine.

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 Fig 39 Calibrating

The calibration will automatically stop once the error is sufficiently low.
Calibration of the SW6000 involves analyzing and adjusting over 60 software
parameters to match the exact physical dimensions of the instrument.
Consequently, depending on the speed of the PC, calibrating a new
Instrument usually takes between 10 and 15 minutes.

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 Yes No

Fig 40 Calibration over

Click the corresponding Tip you want to choose to save and refresh the
calibration results for the current and later exams, or simply cast it away.

9. CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE

To maintain the life of the components and the accuracy of the instrument,
regular maintenance is required in the form of lubrication and cleaning.

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10.1. Routine Hygiene and Cleaning

All surfaces coming in contact with patients need regular disinfecting. Standard
instrument grade disinfectant diluted with 50% water may be used on all
external surfaces. Wipe surfaces with a damp cloth only to avoid liquid entering
delicate parts and optics. Do not use strong oxidizing agents or solvents as they
could damage surface coatings. Do not use any aerosols or sprays that could
contaminate the optics. Use soft non-abrasive cloth only.
Special care of the inside of the cone is required, and is described in the section
below.

10.2. Cleaning of contaminated Optics

The following optics is externally accessible and subject to contamination from

dust, residues from evaporated liquids, body acids and fats, and makeup.
 Cone surface
 Imaging lens front surface
 Profile illumination window (on RH channel just inside cone edge).
 Profile image window (on LH channel inside cone edge).

Internal optical surfaces are not accessible without disassembly. Do not attempt
to disassemble or turn any of the sealed mounting screws, as the alignment of
the optics and the calibration may be altered considerably. Do not put any
objects into the cone other than those listed.

Recommended cleaning materials:

 Lint free lens paper.
 Cotton applicators.
 Grease absorbing micro fibre cleaning cloth (e.g. Luminex).
 Non-smear optics cleaner.
The cone assembly is made of polymer products. This means the cone is
sensitive to mechanical surface damage (scratches, dents) and may not be
chemically resistant to certain solvents.
Do not use any abrasive cloth or strong organic solvents like acetone.
The image lens is positioned near the apex of the cone and difficult to access.
Unless the optical performance of the lens is noticeably affected we do not
recommend approaching the lens. Dust on this surface is not visible on the
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image. Its effect is a lowering of image brightness and overall resolution (not
local blurs) only.
The profile windows are 2 x 2 mm in size. To reach the corners of these
windows form the tip of a cotton applicator with tweezers to a pointed
rectangular shape and wet slightly with optics cleaner.
The narrow end of the cone can easily be reached with the cotton applicators.
For the entrance area cloth or cotton gives a good result.

10.3. Calibration Object

The calibration object has a delicate optical surface. After use clean with
isopropanol and a lint-free cloth to prevent acid corrosion from fingerprints.
Use the same technique to remove any contamination prior to using the object
again.

Trouble shooting

Problem Comments Action

Instrument ON/OFF switch on?
Check power adaptor to frame
grabber are not loose

No video image Check frame grabber card is

firmly in PCI slot
Re-boot the computer to
reinitialise the frame grabber
Illumination only comes on for a Check frame grabber card is
few seconds, when computer firmly in PCI slot
No cone illumination
boots up, or when in Capture
mode.
Is bright light source present,
Distance bar in
which contaminates profile signal?
capture window not If yes: Remove light source, or
reposition instrument.
working,oversensitive
If no: Has instrument been
or jumping subjected to excessive shock,

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 vibration or impact?
If yes: check calibration and
recalibrate if necessary.
Possible reasons: Identify problem, re-capture
One or more images taken out of affected images if applicable and
distance range recalibrate
One or more images too far off
center
Instrument does not One or more of the calibration
balls not clean
calibrate
Profile optics misaligned
Dirt on profile optics
Too much stray light in image
Too much movement in image
Illumination defect

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Technical Specifications

Working Distance: 30mm

Coverage: 0.25mm - 11mm
Field of View: 11mmH 11mmV
Placido Rings: 32
Illumination source Profile Nonvisible Infrared 950nm LED
Cone 760nm Red LED
Fixation 530nm Green LED
Curvature Measurement Range 10~100 Diopter
Accuracy Test Objects ±0.1D
Repeatiability Test Objects <0.1D
Measurement Points 11,520
Views .Axial Curvature
.Tangential Curvature
.Elevation(Best-Fit) Sphere
.Videokeratoscopic(Rings,Photopic)
.Keratometry
Presentation Displays .Single View
.Dual View (difference)
.Multiple View
.3D View
Astigmatism 3mm,5mm,7mm
Keratoconus Screen Klyce Corneal Statistics
Rabinowitz Statistics
Contact Lens. Personalized auto-fit for customized lens
. Adjustable Clearance Scale
Power Requirements 12V DC Supplied Via PC

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