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    MMW 101 - Lesson 8 - Measures of Central Tendency

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    MMW 101 - Lesson 8 - Measures of Central Tendency

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    Royu Breaker
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    5 views24 pages

    MMW 101 - Lesson 8 - Measures of Central Tendency

    Uploaded by

    Royu Breaker

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA

    MMW 101

    in the
    modern world
    CITY COLLEGE OF CALAMBA
    MEASURES OF
    CENTRAL
    TENDENCY

    3
    Measures of Central Tendency
    (Measure of Average)
    ▪ It is a statistic that serves as a representative of the

    data.

    ▪ It is also defined as a single value that is used to

    describe the “center” of the data.

    ▪ The 3 measures of central tendency are the mean,

    median and mode.


    4
    MEAN, MEDIAN AND
    MODE OF
    UNGROUPED DATA

    5
    MEAN
    ▪ It is the most important, most useful, and

    the most widely used measure of central

    tendency.

    ▪ It is also referred as the “arithmetic

    average”. 6
    MEAN FOR UNGROUPED DATA

    σ𝒙
    ഥ=
    𝒙
    𝒏
    where:
    𝑥 = the item value
    𝑛 = the total number of values 7
    EXAMPLE
    Consider the following values.
    21, 10, 36, 42, 39, 52, 30, 25, 26
    Compute the value of the mean.

    8
    ANSWER
    σ𝑥
    𝑥ҧ =
    𝑛

    21 + 10 + 36 + 42 + 39 + 52 + 30 + 25 + 26
    𝑥ҧ =
    9
    281
    𝑥ҧ =
    9
    ഥ = 𝟑𝟏. 𝟐𝟐
    𝒙
    9
    WEIGHTED MEAN

    σ 𝒘𝒙
    ഥ=
    𝒙
    σ𝒘
    where:
    𝑥 = the item value
    𝑤 = the weight associated to 𝑥 10
    EXAMPLE
    Compute the value of the mean.
    𝑺𝒖𝒃𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕 𝑵𝒐. 𝒐𝒇 𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔 𝑮𝒓𝒂𝒅𝒆
    1 3 2.0
    2 3 3.0
    3 5 1.25
    4 1 3.0
    5 2 2.5
    6 3 2.5 11
    ANSWER
    σ 𝒘𝒙
    ഥ=
    𝒙
    σ𝒘
    𝟑 𝟐. 𝟎 + 𝟑 𝟑. 𝟎 + 𝟓 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏 𝟑. 𝟎 + 𝟐 𝟐. 𝟓 + 𝟑(𝟐. 𝟓)
    ഥ=
    𝒙
    𝟑+𝟑+𝟓+𝟏+𝟐+𝟑

    𝟑𝟔. 𝟕𝟓
    ഥ=
    𝒙
    𝟏𝟕

    ഥ = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟔
    𝒙

    12
    MEDIAN
    ▪ It is the middle value in a set of quantities.

    ▪ It divides the given set of data into two

    equal parts.

    ▪ Half of the quantities are found above the

    median and the other half is found below it.


    13
    MEDIAN FOR UNGROUPED DATA

    1. Arrange the quantities either in ascending or


    descending order.
    2. Determine the middlemost value in a
    distribution if 𝒏 is an odd number and get the
    average of the two middlemost value if 𝒏 is
    an even number. 14
    MEDIAN FOR UNGROUPED DATA

    ෥=𝒙
    𝒙 𝒏+𝟏 ➢ if 𝒏 is an odd number
    𝟐

    𝒙 𝒏 +𝒙 𝒏
    +𝟏
    𝟐 𝟐 ➢ if 𝒏 is an even number
    ෥=
    𝒙
    𝟐
    15
    EXAMPLE
    Find the median of the following
    values.
    21, 10, 36, 42, 39, 52, 30, 25, 26

    16
    ANSWER
    10, 21, 25, 26, 30, 36, 39, 42, 52

    𝑥෤ = 𝑥 𝑛+1
    2

    𝑥෤ = 𝑥 9+1
    2
    𝑥෤ = 𝑥5 (refers to the fifth value)
    ෥ = 𝟑𝟎
    𝒙
    17
    EXAMPLE
    Find the median of the following
    values.
    21, 36, 42, 39, 52, 30, 25, 26

    18
    ANSWER
    21, 25, 26, 30, 36, 39, 42, 52
    𝑥4 + 𝑥5
    𝑥 𝑛 +𝑥 𝑛 𝑥෤ =
    2 2
    +1 2
    𝑥෤ =
    2
    30 + 36
    𝑥෤ =
    𝑥 8 +𝑥 8 2
    +1
    2 2
    𝑥෤ = ෥ = 𝟑𝟑
    𝒙
    2
    19
    MODE
    ▪ It is referred to as the most frequent value in the distribution.

    ▪ It is classified as:

    Unimodal is a distribution that consists of only one mode.

    Bimodal is a distribution that consists of two modes.

    Trimodal is a distribution that consists of three modes.

    Multimodal is a distribution that consists more than two modes.

    20
    MODE FOR UNGROUPED DATA

    ▪ The value of the mode in the case of ungrouped

    data can be obtained through inspection, thus,

    no computation is needed. In some instances,

    the mode might exist or it might not exist. If it

    exists, it can be more than one value.


    21
    EXAMPLE
    Find the mode of the following sets of
    measurements.
    𝐴: 21, 23, 16, 15, 26, 27, 19, 24
    𝐵: 31, 21, 16, 15, 21, 30, 25, 21
    𝐶: 17, 25, 34, 25, 27, 19, 19, 34 22
    ANSWER
    𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝐴:
    ෝ = 𝒏𝒐𝒏𝒆 (𝒏𝒐 𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒆)
    𝒙
    𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝐵:
    ෝ = 𝟐𝟏
    𝒙 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒂𝒍
    𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝐶:
    ෝ = 𝟏𝟗, 𝟐𝟓, 𝟑𝟒
    𝒙 𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒂𝒍
    23
    M.T.S. CALABIA

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