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    Electronics II Lab 6

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    yousafkhadim75

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    Electronics II Lab 6

    Uploaded by

    yousafkhadim75
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    2 views4 pages

    Electronics II Lab 6

    Uploaded by

    yousafkhadim75

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Lab‐06: Design of sinusoidal phase shift oscillator

     OBJECTIVE
    To design the sinusoidal phase shift oscillator using op-amp.

     EQUIPMENTREQUIRED

    Instruments Oscilloscope, DMM, DC Power Supply


    Resistors: 1‐kΩ, 10‐kΩ
    Components Capacitors: 1µF, 10µF
    Op‐amp (741)

     RÉSUMÉ
    OFTHEORY

    OSCILLATOR OPERATION
    The use of positive feedback that results in a feedback amplifier having closed-loop gainAf
    greater than 1 and satisfies the phase conditions will result in operation as an oscillatorcircuit. An
    oscillator circuit then provides a varying output signal. If the output signal variessinusoidally, the
    circuit is referred to as a sinusoidal oscillator. If the output voltagerises quickly to one voltage
    level and later drops quickly to another voltage level, the circuitis generally referred to as a pulse
    or square-wave oscillator.
    To understand how a feedback circuit performs as an oscillator, consider the feedbackcircuit of
    Figure 1. When the switch at the amplifier input is open, no oscillation occurs.Consider that we
    have a fictitious voltage at the amplifier input V i . This results in an outputvoltage Vo = AVi
    after the amplifier stage and in a voltage Vf = β(AVi) after the feedbackstage. Thus, we have a
    feedback voltage Vf = βAVi, where βA is referred to as the loopgain. If the circuits of the base
    amplifier and feedback network provide βA of a correctmagnitude and phase, V f can be made
    equal to Vi . Then, when the switch is closed andthe fictitious voltage V i is removed, the circuit
    will continue operating since the feedbackvoltage is sufficient to drive the amplifier and
    feedback circuits, resulting in a proper inputvoltage to sustain the loop operation. The output
    waveform will still exist after the switchis closed if the condition
    βA=1
    is met. This is known as the Barkhausen criterion for oscillation.

    ELEN-01316L– Page 62
    ElectronicCircuitDesignLabManual
    Figure 1

    The Phase-Shift
    Shift Oscillator
    .Each of the three RC
    Figure 2 shows a sinusoidal feedback oscillator called the phase-shift oscillator.Each
    circuits in the feedback loop can provide a maximum phase shift approaching90°. Oscillation occurs at
    the frequency where the total phase shift through thethree RC circuits is 180°. The inversion of the op
    op-
    amp itself providess the additional 180° tomeet the requirement for oscillation of a 360° (or 0°) phase
    shift around the feedback loop.

    Figure 2

    To meet the greater-than-unity


    unity loop gain requirement, the closed-loop
    closed loop voltage gain of the op
    op-amp must be
    greater than 29. (set by Rf andR3). The frequency of oscillation is also fond in the following equation,

    where R1 = R2 = R3 = R and C1 = C2 = C3 = C.

    Calculations & Observations:


    1- Set the fr= (Roll No.) kHz
    2- R= 10kΩ
    3- C (calculated)=
    4- To avoid the tolerance impact of the components set the β >29

    ELEN-01316L– Page 63
    ElectronicCircuitDesignLabManual
    (Practically 2 times is better = 58)
    5- Rf(calculated)=
    6- Frequency (measured)

    ELEN-01316L– Page 64
    ElectronicCircuitDesignLabManual
    ELEN-01316L– Page 65
    ElectronicCircuitDesignLabManual

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