Literasi Bahasa Inggris

LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS
Scientists are as obsessed with the question of why the super old survive and thrive as Ponce de Leon was the
Fountain of Youth. They want to understand why the Japanese islands of Okinawa are home to the world’s largest
population of centenarians, with almost 600 of its 1.3 million inhabitants living into their second century–many of
them are still active and looking decades younger than their actual age.
In addition to studying these populations intensively to unlock their secrets, scientists have also taken a hard look at
the very old in the U.S., most notably in the New England Centenarian Study, led by Dr. Thomas Perls, a geriatrician
at Boston University. While the very old are happy to offer homespun explanations for their longevity–”I never took a
drink; “I drank a shot of whiskey every day”–experts are trying to unravel and understand the biological factors that
allow some people to reach 100 while others drop off in their 70s or 80s. Researchers are particularly interested in
determining which factors allow up to 30% of those who reach 100 to do so in sufficient mental and physical health: a
whopping 90% of centenarians, according to Perls, remain functionally independent up to age 92.
It is pretty obvious even to non-scientists that how you get there depends on the genes you are born with and lifestyle–
what and how much you eat, where you live, and what types of stress and trauma you experience. How much each of
these factors contributes, though, was unknown until Swedish scientist tackled the problem in 1998. They looked at a
set of people who share genes but not lifestyle: identical twins who were separated at birth and reared apart. If genes
were most important, you would expect the twins to die at about same age. In fact, they do not, and the average
determined. The dominant factor is lifestyle.
1. What is the topic of the text above? C. All alcoholic drinks decrease life expectation.
A. Long life span D. All of Dr. Perl’s subjects are self-reliant.
B. Survival E. Super old people normally can exceed 100.
C. Youth
D. Old age 4. How is the information of the last paragraph the
E. Health secrets text organized?
A. Each question is provided with an illustration.
2. Which of the following best express the main idea B. Scientific questions are followed by studies.
of the text? C. Scientific questions are presented from
A. Several biological factors are at work general to specific.
affecting life span. D. Each study is followed by research findings.
B. Genes and life styles are essential for a long- E. Three related questions are followed by one
life span. finding.
C. Elderly people cluster in particular parts of
the world. 5. According to the information in the passage,
D. Biological factors influence mental people may …
and physical health. A. A.Reach an old age if their parents do so.
E. The population of the elderly people is B. Not reach old age unless they live in areas
increasing where it is prevalent.
C. Reach old age if they are brought up separately
3. Which of the following is true about the from their siblings.
information in the text? D. Fail to reach an old age’ unless they are
A. Gene quality contributes much more to life mentally healthy.
span. E. Reach old age if they keep a healthy lifestyle.
B. Okinawa people look younger than their
actual age.
Green plants use light to transform carbon dioxide, absorbed from the atmosphere, and water into organic com
pounds, with oxygen as a by-product. The process is called photosynthesis, and it enables forests like Ulu Masen,
Aceh Jaya, to play a critical role in regulating our climate.
Forests store an estimated 300 billion tons of carbon, or the equivalent of 40 times the world's total annual
greenhouse-gas emmision--emission that cause global warming. Destroy the trees and you release that carbon into the
atmosphere, putting the great challenge of our age--- averting catastrophic climate change--beyond reach. Forest
destruction accounts for 15% of global emmisions by human activity, far out ranking the total from vehicles and
aircraft combined.
Forests are disappearing so fast in Indonesia that, incredibly, this developing country ranks third in emmisions behind
industrial giants China and the U.S. Since 1 950, estimated Greenpeace, more than 1 82 million acres (740,000 sq km)
of Indonesian forests, the equivalent of more than 95 UluMasens, have been destroyed or degraded.
The good news is that protecting forests "is one of the easiest and cheapest ways to take a big bite out of the apple
when it comes to emmisions;' says Greenpeace spokesman Daniel Kessler. Ulu masen will be one of the first forests to
be protected under a pioneering U.N. program called REDO-Reducing Emmisions from Deforestation and Forest
Degradation in Developing Countries--- that offers a powerful financial incentive to keep forests intact.
6. In the passage the author clearly tries to…

A. Show roles of forest in climate regulation
B. Describe needs for reforestation project
C. Argue to vast damage of Indonesian forest
D. Link forest and current changes of world
climate
E. Explain the amount of greenhouse gas
emissions
7. Which of the following best describes the link

between paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. Case-example
B. Explanation-solution
C. Challenges-explanation
D. Problem-solution
E. Issues-example
8. What does the word “it” in “… it enables forest

like Ulu Masen…” (paragraph 1 line 2) refer to?
A. Water
B. Oxygen
C. By-product
D. Carbon-dioxide
E. Photosynthesis
9. Which of the following can Indonesia do to reduce

carbon dioxide emissions?
A. Improving human settlement quality near the
forest
B. Programming a flora conservation project like
REDO
C. Integrating agriculture into forestation
programs
D. Adopting strategies used in greening Ulu
Masen
E. Minimizing degradation and deforestation
10. The author’s view regarding reducing greenhouse

gas emissions is that…
A. Awareness raising is necessary
B. Massive funding in unavoidable
C. Keeping forest green is a key
D. Fauna conservation is critical
E. Deforestation is vital

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LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS

6. In the passage the author clearly tries to…

7. Which of the following best describes the link

8. What does the word “it” in “… it enables forest

9. Which of the following can Indonesia do to reduce

10. The author’s view regarding reducing greenhouse

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