C A50 1328 0303S - 1 - Stamp

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Employer Doc. No.

NSRP Contractor Doc. No.


Complex Project Nghi Son Refinery and Petrochemical C-A50-1328-0303S
Limited Liability Company
Nghi Son, Vietnam Rev. 1 Page 1 of 6 .

Employer Contract No.: , Contractor JOB Code: 0-6495-20 Date: 24/Feb/15

CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF PUMP SCHEDULE (3)

Unit No.: 044/045/046


Unit Abbreviation.: XYF/PX/ISOM
Document Class: X

Issue Purpose For Construction

Rev Date Page Description Prep'd Chk'd App'd

1 24/Feb/15 All For Construction D.N.K C.H.K M.J.K


0 06/Jan/15 All For Construction D.N.K C.H.K M.J.K
A 09/Dec/14 All For Review D.N.K C.H.K M.J.K

Operation Centre JOB Code: 11102D Operation Centre Doc. No.:


Responsible Company Prepared by Checked by Approved by
SK DN.Kim MC.Song CH.Kim

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Employer Doc. No.


NSRP Complex Project Rev. 1

Contractor Doc. No.


CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF PUMP SCHEDULE (3) Page 2 of 6 .
C-A50-1328-0303S

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GENERAL

1.1 Design Philosophy


1.2 Definitions

2. REFERENCE CODES

2.1 Mandatory Vietnamese Codes and Standards


2.2 Contractor's Specifications & Standards
2.3 International Codes and Standard
2.4 Geotechnical Report

3. MATERIALS AND UNITS

3.1 Materials
3.2 Units of measurements

4. VENDOR DATA AND DESIGN METHOD

4.1 Vendor Data


4.2 Judgement of Application of Dynamic Analysis

Attachment #1 VENDOR DATA


Attachment #2 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 044-P-201A/B
Attachment #3 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 044-P-202A/B
Attachment #4 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 044-P-203A/B
Attachment #5 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-101A/B/C
Attachment #6 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-201A/B
Attachment #7 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-202A/B
Attachment #8 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-302A/B
Attachment #9 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 046-P-101A/B
Attachment #10 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 046-P-203A/B
Attachment #11 TESTING REPORT FOR DETERMINATION OF DEFORMATION MODULE BY
PLATE LOADING (TESTING OF SITE SOIL BEARING PRESURE)

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Employer Doc. No.


NSRP Complex Project Rev. 1

Contractor Doc. No.


CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF PUMP SCHEDULE (3) Page 3 of 6 .
C-A50-1328-0303S

1. GENERAL

1.1 Design Philosophy

The scope of this calculation is to design soill-supported foundation of pump

1.2 Definitions

Project : Nghi Son Refinery and Petrochemical Project


Company : Nghi Son Refinery and Petrochemical Ltd Liability Company
Contractor : SK Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.
Item Name : PUMP
Location : NGHI SON, Vietnam (200km south of Hanoi)

2. REFERENCE CODES

2 1 Mandatory Vietnamese Codes and Standards


2.1

TCVN 2737:1995 : Loads and Actions-Design Code


TCXDVN 375:2006 : Design of Structure for Earthquake Resistance
Vietnam Building Code, Vol I, II, III

2.2 Contractor's Specifications & Standards

S-000-1310-0001V Detailed Engineering Design Data for Civil and Structure


S-000-1310-0003V Wind Load Calculation Procedure
S-000-1310-0004V Seismic Load Calculation Procedure
D-000-1320-1011V Standard Anchor Bolts

2.3 International Codes and Standard

BS EN 1992 Eurocode 2 : Design of Concrete Structure


BS EN 1998 Eurocode 8 : Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance

2.4 Geotechnical Report

S-000-1310-0002V Interpretative and Engineering Report for Detailed Soil Investigation


S-000-1311-0002V Factual Report for Detailed Soil Investigation

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Employer Doc. No.


NSRP Complex Project Rev. 1

Contractor Doc. No.


CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF PUMP SCHEDULE (3) Page 4 of 6 .
C-A50-1328-0303S

3. MATERIALS AND UNITS

3.1 Materials

3.1.1 Concrete

a. Cement : CEM I, CEM II, CEM III, CEM IV or CEM V conforming to BS EN 197-1

1) Structure Concrete
Concrete Minimum Compressive Cylinder Strength

Cylinder Strengh
Application
(MPa)
Concrete for Pilecaps, Foundations,
35
Ground Floor Slabs and Beams
Concrete for Elevated Slabs, Beams and Columns 35
Concrete for Liquid Retaining Structures 35
Concrete Paving (Air Entrained Concrete) 35
Concrete for Fireproofing and Filling of skid frames 35
Concrete Concrete infill
Blinding Concrete, 16

2) Grout

Material Type Minimum Compressive Strength (MPa)

Sand-Cement Grout G1 20 (minimum crushing strength after 28 days)


Non-shrink Cement-based Grout G2 75 (50mm cubes)
Non-shrink Epoxy-based Grout G3 95 (50mm cubes)

3.1.2 Reinforcement

a. All Steel Reinforcement shall be deformed.


b. Reinforcing bar : ASTM A615 grade 60(fy = 420N/mm2)shall be used.

Nominal Diameter Nominal Cross Sectional Nominal Weight per Meter


Bar Size
(mm) Area (mm2) (kg/m)
D10 10 78.5 0.617
D12 12 113 0.888
D16 16 201 1.58
D20 20 314 2.47
D25 25 491 3.85
D32 32 804 6.31

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Employer Doc. No.


NSRP Complex Project Rev. 1

Contractor Doc. No.


CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF PUMP SCHEDULE (3) Page 5 of 6 .
C-A50-1328-0303S

3.1.3 Structural Steels

a. BS EN 10025 grade S275JO, GB700 Q235 grade B, JIS G3101 SS400 OR ASTM A36.
b. GB700 Q345 grade B to GB/T 1591 for Heavy Equipment Supporting Structures only.

Yield Strength, fy
Steel Grade Tensile Strength, fu
t ≤ 16mm 16mm < t ≤ 40mm
GB Q235
JIS SS400 235 Mpa 225 Mpa 375 Mpa
ASTM A36
GB Q345 345 Mpa 335 Mpa 470 Mpa

3.1.4 Anchor Bolts

a. High Strength Bolt : JIS B1051 grade 8.8, ASTM A325M type 1, GB/T 1211/3633
b. Mild Steel Bolts : JIS B1051 grade 4.6, ASTM A307 grade A

3.2 Units of measurements

The SI units shall be used :

Elevations : meter (m)


Dimensions : millimeter (mm)
Co-ordinates : meter (m)
Force : kiloNewton (kN)
Mass : kiloNewton, Newton (kN, N)
Moment : kiloNewton meter (kNm)
Stress / Pressure : Newton/mm2 (N/mm2) / killoNewton/m2 (kN/m2)

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Employer Doc. No.


NSRP Complex Project Rev. 1

Contractor Doc. No.


CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF PUMP SCHEDULE (3) Page 6 of 6 .
C-A50-1328-0303S

4. VENDOR DATA AND DESIGN METHOD

4.1 Vendor Data

Attachment #1 VENDOR DATA

4.2 Judgement of Application of Dynamic Analysis

4.2.1 Foundation Grouping (Table 1, Appendix-1, S-000-1310-0001V)

4.2.2 Machine Weight Summary and Judgement of Application of Dynamic Analysis

Machine Foundation Dynamic


Items Remark
Weight (ton) Group Analysis
044-P-201A/B 13.862 C YES
044-P-202A/B 10.142 C YES
044-P-203A/B/C 17.329 C YES
045-P-101A/B/C 17.404 C YES
045-P-201A/B 9.445 C YES
045-P-202A/B 11.491 C YES
045-P-302A/B 9.456 C YES
046-P-101A/B 8.785 C YES
046-P-203A/B 8.027 C YES

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Attachment #1 VENDOR DATA

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Attachment #2 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 044-P-201A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 98 kN/m2 (BH-121)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
3200
3200

1600 1600

175 2850 175

133
3050
C.G of Unit

( 3263, 1666, 1970 )

5835

6100
6100
C.G of F1

( 3050, 1600, 450 )


3050

F1(Footing)
X
X
133

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3263

C.G of F1,F2 3050

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

1100
300
C.G of F1
1970

F1 Z
450

600
Z

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 044-P-201A/B 13.862 135.848 3.263 1.666 1.970
Total 13.862 135.848

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 1480 RPM (Vendor Print) = 155 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 1480 x 8.820 / 6000 = 2.176 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 2.176 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 900 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.900 ton = 8.820 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 3.200 6.100 19.520 0.900 25.000 439.200
Total (W c) 439.200

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 135.848 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 439.200 / 135.848 = 3.2 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 6.1 / 30 ) = 0.803 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 3.200 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.640 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 6.100 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.610 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 0.900 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 3.200 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 1.1m )


Where, = 1.650 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 1.1 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
044-P-
13.862 135.848 x 3.263 = 443.272 135.848 x 1.666 = 226.323 135.848 x 1.970 = 267.621
201A/B
F1 44.816 439.200 x 3.050 = 1339.560 439.200 x 1.600 = 702.720 439.200 x 0.450 = 197.640
Total 58.678 1782.832 929.043 465.261

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1782.832 / ( 135.848 + 439.200 ) = 3.100 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 929 043
929.043 / ( 135 848
135.848 + 439 200
439.200 ) = 1 616
1.616 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 465.261 / ( 135.848 + 439.200 ) = 0.809 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 3.050 - 3.100 ) / 3.050 x 100 %
= -1.65 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.600 - 1.616 ) / 1.600 x 100 %
= -0.97 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

044-P-201A/B 3.100 - 3.263 = -0.163 1.616 - 1.666 = -0.050 0.809 - 1.970 = -1.161

F1 3.100 - 3.050 = 0.050 1.616 - 1.666 = 0.016 0.809 - 0.450 = 0.359


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 3.200 0.900 6.100 6.100 x 3.200= 19.520 6.100 x 3.200^2 / 6 = 10.411

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
044-P- 1.161 + 0.050
13.862 0 0.000 18.717
201A/B = 1.350
2 2 2 2
38.412
3.200 + 0.900 0.359 + 0.016
F1 44.82 =0.921 41.268 5.790
12 = 0.129

Total 58.678 41.268 24.507 38.412

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 41.268 ) + ( 18.717 + 5.790 ) + ( 38.412 )
= 38.412 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 6.10 x 3.20 ) x 1.07 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,384,879.597 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.49 ) = 1.07
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.10 x 3.20 / π = 2.49 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.10 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.20 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.01

x ( 6.10 x 3.20 ) x 1.20 = 1,106,565.605 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.01 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.49 ) = 1.20
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 6.10 x 3.20 / π = 2.49 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.10 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.20 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.44 x 6.10 x 3.20 2
x 1.18 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 4,403,942.043 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.44 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.15 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.15 ) = 1.18
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 6.10 x 3.20 3
/ 3π ) = 2.15 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.10 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.20 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.525 2.15
βh(βx) 0.525 1.01
βψ(βψ) 0.525 0.44

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.189 = 1.015
Bv 0.248
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 575.05 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.07 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.10 x 3.20 / π = 2.49 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 575.05
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.248
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.49 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.49 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.07
= 1.189
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.10 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.20 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 1.543 = 0.734
Bh 0.368
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 575.05 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.20 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.10 x 3.20 / π = 2.49 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 575.05
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.368
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.49 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.49 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.200
= 1.543
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.10 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.20 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.032


Dψ = = = 0.375
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.60 x 0.083 ) x ( 1.600 x 0.083 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 575.05 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.18 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 38.41 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 6.10 x 3.20 3
/ 3π ) = 2.15 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 38.41
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.083
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 2.1 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.15 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.15 ) / 1.18
= 1 032
1.032
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.10 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.20 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.083
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.600

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 1.015 0.05 1.065
Horizontal 0.734 0.05 0.784
Rocking (About X) 0.375 0.05 0.425

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,384,879.597
fnv = x = x = 1467.028 rpm
2π mi 2π 58.678

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,384,879.597 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 58.678 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,106,565.605
fnh = x = x = 1311.357 rpm
2π mi 2π 58.678

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,106,565.605 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 58.678 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 4,403,942.043
fnψ = x = x = 3233.407 rpm
2π iψ 2π 38.412

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 4,403,942.043 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 38.412 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 1.06 2
= 2.267 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.065
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1467.028 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 2.267 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 1480.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.78 2
= 1.230 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.784
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1311.357 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1311.4
1311 4 x √( 1 1 230
- 1.230 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 1480.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.42 2
= 0.361 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.425
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 3233.407 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 3233.4 x √( 1 - 0.361 ) = 2584.840 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1809.388 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 3360.292 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 1480.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 1.01 ) + (2 x 1.065 x 1.01 )2

= 0.465 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 1.01
ω : Operating Speed = 1480 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1467.028 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.065

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 1.13 2 2
) + (2 x 0.784 x 1.13 )2

= 0.558 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 1.13
ω : Operating Speed = 1480 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1311.357 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 784
0.784

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 0.46 ) + (2 x 0.425 x 0.46 )2

= 1.135 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 0.46
ω : Operating Speed = 1480 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 3233.407 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.425

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 2.18
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.465 x ( ) = 0.0000007 m
Kv 1,384,879.597

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,384,879.597 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.465
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.176 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 2.18
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.558 x ( ) = 0.0000011 m
Kh 1,106,565.605

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,106,565.605 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.558
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.176 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 2.18
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.135 x ( ) = 0.00000056 rad
Kψ 4,403,942.043

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 4,403,942.043 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.135
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.176 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000007 + 0.00000056 x 3.20 / 2 = 0.00000162843 m = 0.0000641 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000011 + 0.00000056 x 0.81 = 0.00000155150 m = 0.0000611 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 3.20 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.81 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00006411in 1480 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 24.67 x 0.0000641
= 0.0099 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Very Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 1480 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 24.667 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 1.065 × 1.01 )
= = 1.103
( 1 - 1.01 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 1.065 × 1.01 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 1.065
rv : ω / fnv = 1480 / 1467.028 = 1.01

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.784 × 1.13 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.135
( 1 - 1.13 ) + ( 2 × 0.784 × 1.13 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.784
rh : ω / fnh = 1480 / 1311.357 = 1.13

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.425 × 0.46 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.218
( 1 - 0.46 ) + ( 2 × 0.425 × 0.46 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.425
rψ : ω / fnψ = 1480 / 3233.407 = 0.46

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 1.103 x 2.176 = 2.400 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 1.135 x 2.176 = 2.469 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.218 x 1.760 = 2.144 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 2.176 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 2.176 x 0.809
= 1.760 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 439.200 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 203.771 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 2.400 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 2.144 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 66.905 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
642.971 2.400 69.049
= ± ±
19.520 19.520 10.411

Max. = 39.69 kN/m2 < 98 x 0.5 = 49.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 26.18 kN/m2 < 98 x 0.5 = 49.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 19.520 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 10.411 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 69.049 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 2.400 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 642.971 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
044-P-201A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 57.078 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
135.85 kN 1480 RPM 2.176 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


2.176 kN 2.176 kN 1.760 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1384879.597 kN/m 1106565.605 kN/m 4403942.043 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


439 kN 19.5 m² 38.412 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1467.028 RPM 1311.357 RPM 3233.407 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 1.065 0.784 0.425

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.47 < 1.5 0.56 < 1.5 1.14 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000007m 0.0000011m 0.00000056rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0099 in/sec ∴ Very Smooth 0.252 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 1.103 1.135 1.218

Transmitted Force 2.400kN 2.469kN 2.144kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 39.69kN/m² / 26.18kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #3 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 044-P-202A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 140 kN/m2 (Site Investigation Result)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
2900
2900

1450 1450

205 2490 205

140
3150
C.G of Unit

( 3411, 1495, 2358 )

6020

6300
6300
C.G of F1

( 3150, 1450, 750 )


3150

F1(Footing)
X
X
140

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3411

C.G of F1,F2 3150

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

800
300
C.G of F1
2358

F1 Z

1200
750

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 044-P-202A/B 10.142 99.392 3.411 1.495 2.358
Total 10.142 99.392

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 2960 RPM (Vendor Print) = 310 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 2960 x 6.468 / 6000 = 3.191 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 3.191 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 660 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.660 ton = 6.468 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 2.900 6.300 18.270 1.500 25.000 685.125
Total (W c) 685.125

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 99.392 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 685.125 / 99.392 = 6.9 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 6.3 / 30 ) = 0.810 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 2.900 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.580 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 6.300 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.630 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 1.500 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 2.900 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 0.8m )


Where, = 1.200 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 0.8 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
044-P-
10.142 99.392 x 3.411 = 339.026 99.392 x 1.495 = 148.591 99.392 x 2.358 = 234.366
202A/B
F1 69.911 685.125 x 3.150 = 2158.144 685.125 x 1.450 = 993.431 685.125 x 0.750 = 513.844
Total 80.053 2497.170 1142.022 748.210

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 2497.170 / ( 99.392 + 685.125 ) = 3.183 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1142 022
1142.022 / ( 99 392
99.392 + 685 125
685.125 ) = 1 456
1.456 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 748.210 / ( 99.392 + 685.125 ) = 0.954 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 3.150 - 3.183 ) / 3.150 x 100 %
= -1.05 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.450 - 1.456 ) / 1.450 x 100 %
= -0.39 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

044-P-202A/B 3.183 - 3.411 = -0.228 1.456 - 1.495 = -0.039 0.954 - 2.358 = -1.404

F1 3.183 - 3.150 = 0.033 1.456 - 1.495 = 0.006 0.954 - 0.750 = 0.204


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 2.900 1.500 6.300 6.300 x 2.900= 18.270 6.300 x 2.900^2 / 6 = 8.831

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
044-P- 1.404 + 0.039
10.142 0 0.000 20.016
202A/B = 1.974
2 2 2 2
72.815
2.900 + 1.500 0.204 + 0.006
F1 69.91 =0.888 62.104 2.904
12 = 0.042

Total 80.053 62.104 22.919 72.815

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 62.104 ) + ( 20.016 + 2.904 ) + ( 72.815 )
= 72.815 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 6.30 x 2.90 ) x 1.15 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,437,545.018 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 ) = 1.15
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 6.30 x 2.90 ) x 1.41 = 1,264,424.473 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 ) = 1.41
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.43 x 6.30 x 2.90 2
x 1.43 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 4,440,385.045 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.43 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 ) = 1.43
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 6.30 x 2.90 3
/ 3π ) = 2.01 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.460 2.15
βh(βx) 0.460 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.460 0.43

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.379 = 0.959
Bv 0.374
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 784.52 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.15 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 784.52
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.374
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.41 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.15
= 1.379
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 2.041 = 0.791
Bh 0.555
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 784.52 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.41 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 784.52
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.555
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.41 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.413
= 2.041
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.176


Dψ = = = 0.222
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.59 x 0.219 ) x ( 1.586 x 0.219 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 784.52 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.43 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 72.81 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 6.30 x 2.90 3
/ 3π ) = 2.01 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 72.81
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.219
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 2.0 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 ) / 1.43
= 1 176
1.176
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.219
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.586

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 0.959 0.05 1.009
Horizontal 0.791 0.05 0.841
Rocking (About X) 0.222 0.05 0.272

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,437,545.018
fnv = x = x = 1279.658 rpm
2π mi 2π 80.053

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,437,545.018 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 80.053 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,264,424.473
fnh = x = x = 1200.134 rpm
2π mi 2π 80.053

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,264,424.473 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 80.053 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 4,440,385.045
fnψ = x = x = 2358.154 rpm
2π iψ 2π 72.815

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 4,440,385.045 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 72.815 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 1.01 2
= 2.035 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.009
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1279.658 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 2.035 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.84 2
= 1.415 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.841
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1200.134 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1200.1
1200 1 x √( 1 1 415
- 1.415 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.27 2
= 0.148 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.272
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2358.154 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 2358.2 x √( 1 - 0.148 ) = 2176.179 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1523.325 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 2829.032 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 2.31 ) + (2 x 1.009 x 2.31 )2

= 0.157 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 2.31
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1279.658 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.009

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 2.47 2 2
) + (2 x 0.841 x 2.47 )2

= 0.152 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 2.47
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1200.134 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 841
0.841

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 1.26 ) + (2 x 0.272 x 1.26 )2

= 1.119 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 1.26
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2358.154 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.272

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 3.19
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.157 x ( ) = 0.0000003 m
Kv 1,437,545.018

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,437,545.018 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.157
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 3.191 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 3.19
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.152 x ( ) = 0.0000004 m
Kh 1,264,424.473

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,264,424.473 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.152
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 3.191 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 3.19
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.119 x ( ) = 0.00000080 rad
Kψ 4,440,385.045

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 4,440,385.045 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.119
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 3.191 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000003 + 0.00000080 x 2.90 / 2 = 0.00000151371 m = 0.0000596 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000004 + 0.00000080 x 0.95 = 0.00000115138 m = 0.0000453 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 2.90 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.95 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00005959in 2960 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 49.33 x 0.0000596
= 0.0185 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 2960 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 49.333 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 1.009 × 2.31 )
= = 0.748
( 1 - 2.31 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 1.009 × 2.31 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 1.009
rv : ω / fnv = 2960 / 1279.658 = 2.31

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.841 × 2.47 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.650
( 1 - 2.47 ) + ( 2 × 0.841 × 2.47 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.841
rh : ω / fnh = 2960 / 1200.134 = 2.47

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.272 × 1.26 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.355
( 1 - 1.26 ) + ( 2 × 0.272 × 1.26 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.272
rψ : ω / fnψ = 2960 / 2358.154 = 1.26

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 0.748 x 3.191 = 2.387 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 0.650 x 3.191 = 2.076 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.355 x 3.043 = 4.125 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 3.191 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 3.191 x 0.954
= 3.043 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 685.125 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 149.087 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 2.387 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 4.125 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 58.591 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
834.212 2.387 62.716
= ± ±
18.270 18.270 8.831

Max. = 52.89 kN/m2 < 140 x 0.5 = 70.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 38.43 kN/m2 < 140 x 0.5 = 70.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 18.270 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 8.831 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 62.716 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 2.387 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 834.212 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
044-P-202A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 35.639 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
99.39 kN 2960 RPM 3.191 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


3.191 kN 3.191 kN 3.043 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1437545.018 kN/m 1264424.473 kN/m 4440385.045 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


685 kN 18.3 m² 72.815 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1279.658 RPM 1200.134 RPM 2358.154 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 1.009 0.841 0.272

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.16 < 1.5 0.15 < 1.5 1.12 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000003m 0.0000004m 0.00000080rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0185 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.469 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 0.748 0.650 1.355

Transmitted Force 2.387kN 2.076kN 4.125kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 52.89kN/m² / 38.43kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #4 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 044-P-203A/B/C

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 80 kN/m2 (BH-121)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
3500
3500

1750 1750

250 3000 250

133
3500
C.G of Unit

( 3975, 1784, 2176 )

6735

7000
7000
C.G of F1

( 3500, 1750, 450 )


3500

F1(Footing)
X
X
133

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3975

C.G of F1,F2 3500

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

1100
300
C.G of F1
2176

F1 Z
450

600
Z

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 044-P-203A/B/C 17.329 169.824 3.975 1.784 2.176
Total 17.329 169.824

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 1450 RPM (Vendor Print) = 151.8 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 1450 x 19.404 / 6000 = 4.689 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 4.689 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 1980 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 1.980 ton = 19.404 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 3.500 7.000 24.500 0.900 25.000 551.250
Total (W c) 551.250

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 169.824 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 551.250 / 169.824 = 3.2 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 7 / 30 ) = 0.833 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 3.500 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.700 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 7.000 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.700 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 0.900 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 3.500 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 1.1m )


Where, = 1.650 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 1.1 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
044-P-
17.329 169.824 x 3.975 = 675.050 169.824 x 1.784 = 302.966 169.824 x 2.176 = 369.537
203A/B/C
F1 56.250 551.250 x 3.500 = 1929.375 551.250 x 1.750 = 964.688 551.250 x 0.450 = 248.063
Total 73.579 2604.425 1267.654 617.600

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 2604.425 / ( 169.824 + 551.250 ) = 3.612 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1267 654
1267.654 / ( 169 824
169.824 + 551 250
551.250 ) = 1 758
1.758 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 617.600 / ( 169.824 + 551.250 ) = 0.856 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 3.500 - 3.612 ) / 3.500 x 100 %
= -3.20 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.750 - 1.758 ) / 1.750 x 100 %
= -0.46 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

044-P-203A/B/C 3.612 - 3.975 = -0.363 1.758 - 1.784 = -0.026 0.856 - 2.176 = -1.320

F1 3.612 - 3.500 = 0.112 1.758 - 1.784 = 0.008 0.856 - 0.450 = 0.406


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 3.500 0.900 7.000 7.000 x 3.500= 24.500 7.000 x 3.500^2 / 6 = 14.292

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
044-P- 1.320 + 0.026
17.329 0 0.000 30.183
203A/B/C = 1.742
2 2 2 2
53.977
3.500 + 0.900 0.406 + 0.008
F1 56.25 =1.088 61.219 9.298
12 = 0.165

Total 73.579 61.219 39.481 53.977

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 61.219 ) + ( 30.183 + 9.298 ) + ( 53.977 )
= 53.977 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 7.00 x 3.50 ) x 1.07 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,540,122.341 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.79 ) = 1.07
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 7.00 x 3.50 / π = 2.79 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.00 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.50 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 7.00 x 3.50 ) x 1.18 = 1,221,155.146 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.79 ) = 1.18
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 7.00 x 3.50 / π = 2.79 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.00 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.50 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.44 x 7.00 x 3.50 2
x 1.16 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 5,911,715.906 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.44 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.38 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.38 ) = 1.16
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 7.00 x 3.50 3
/ 3π ) = 2.38 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.00 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.50 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.500 2.15
βh(βx) 0.500 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.500 0.44

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.170 = 1.057
Bv 0.221
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 721.07 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.07 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 7.00 x 3.50 / π = 2.79 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 721.07
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.221
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.79 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.79 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.07
= 1.170
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.00 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.50 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 1.488 = 0.750
Bh 0.328
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 721.07 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.18 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 7.00 x 3.50 / π = 2.79 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 721.07
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.328
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.79 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.79 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.178
= 1.488
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.00 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.50 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.026


Dψ = = = 0.413
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.60 x 0.070 ) x ( 1.600 x 0.070 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 721.07 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.16 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 53.98 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 7.00 x 3.50 3
/ 3π ) = 2.38 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 53.98
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.070
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 2.4 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.38 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.38 ) / 1.16
= 1 026
1.026
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.00 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.50 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.070
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.600

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 1.057 0.05 1.107
Horizontal 0.750 0.05 0.800
Rocking (About X) 0.413 0.05 0.463

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,540,122.341
fnv = x = x = 1381.568 rpm
2π mi 2π 73.579

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,540,122.341 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 73.579 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,221,155.146
fnh = x = x = 1230.212 rpm
2π mi 2π 73.579

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,221,155.146 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 73.579 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 5,911,715.906
fnψ = x = x = 3160.268 rpm
2π iψ 2π 53.977

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 5,911,715.906 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 53.977 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 1.11 2
= 2.450 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.107
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1381.568 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 2.450 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 1450.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.80 2
= 1.280 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.800
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1230.212 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1230.2
1230 2 x √( 1 1 280
- 1.280 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 1450.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.46 2
= 0.428 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.463
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 3160.268 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 3160.3 x √( 1 - 0.428 ) = 2389.098 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1672.369 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 3105.828 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 1450.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 1.05 ) + (2 x 1.107 x 1.05 )2

= 0.430 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 1.05
ω : Operating Speed = 1450 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1381.568 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.107

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 1.18 2 2
) + (2 x 0.800 x 1.18 )2

= 0.519 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 1.18
ω : Operating Speed = 1450 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1230.212 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 800
0.800

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 0.46 ) + (2 x 0.463 x 0.46 )2

= 1.115 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 0.46
ω : Operating Speed = 1450 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 3160.268 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.463

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 4.69
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.430 x ( ) = 0.0000013 m
Kv 1,540,122.341

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,540,122.341 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.430
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 4.689 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 4.69
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.519 x ( ) = 0.0000020 m
Kh 1,221,155.146

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,221,155.146 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.519
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 4.689 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 4.69
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.115 x ( ) = 0.00000088 rad
Kψ 5,911,715.906

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 5,911,715.906 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.115
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 4.689 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000013 + 0.00000088 x 3.50 / 2 = 0.00000285784 m = 0.0001125 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000020 + 0.00000088 x 0.86 = 0.00000275196 m = 0.0001083 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 3.50 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.86 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00011251in 1450 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 24.17 x 0.0001125
= 0.0171 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 1450 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 24.167 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 1.107 × 1.05 )
= = 1.088
( 1 - 1.05 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 1.107 × 1.05 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 1.107
rv : ω / fnv = 1450 / 1381.568 = 1.05

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.800 × 1.18 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.109
( 1 - 1.18 ) + ( 2 × 0.800 × 1.18 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.800
rh : ω / fnh = 1450 / 1230.212 = 1.18

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.463 × 0.46 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.212
( 1 - 0.46 ) + ( 2 × 0.463 × 0.46 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.463
rψ : ω / fnψ = 1450 / 3160.268 = 0.46

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 1.088 x 4.689 = 5.100 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 1.109 x 4.689 = 5.198 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.212 x 4.016 = 4.868 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 4.689 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 4.689 x 0.856
= 4.016 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 551.250 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 254.736 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 5.100 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 4.868 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 92.384 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
805.986 5.100 97.252
= ± ±
24.500 24.500 14.292

Max. = 39.91 kN/m2 < 80 x 0.5 = 40.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 25.88 kN/m2 < 80 x 0.5 = 40.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 24.500 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 14.292 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 97.252 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 5.100 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 805.986 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
044-P-203A/B/C D20 D20 D12 D16 30 56.500 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
169.82 kN 1450 RPM 4.689 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


4.689 kN 4.689 kN 4.016 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1540122.341 kN/m 1221155.146 kN/m 5911715.906 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


551 kN 24.5 m² 53.977 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1381.568 RPM 1230.212 RPM 3160.268 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 1.107 0.800 0.463

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.43 < 1.5 0.52 < 1.5 1.12 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000013m 0.0000020m 0.00000088rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0171 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.434 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 1.088 1.109 1.212

Transmitted Force 5.100kN 5.198kN 4.868kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 39.91kN/m² / 25.88kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #5 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-101A/B/C

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 140 kN/m2 (Site Investigation Result)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
3600
3600

1800 1800

445 2710 445

218
3750
C.G of Unit

( 3900, 1724, 3971 )

7065

7500
7500
C.G of F1

( 3750, 1800, 990 )


3750

F1(Footing)
X
X
218

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3900

C.G of F1,F2 3750

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

1100
1380
C.G of F1
3971

F1 Z
990

600
Z

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 045-P-101A/B/C 17.404 170.559 3.900 1.724 3.971
Total 17.404 170.559

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 2970 RPM (Vendor Print) = 311 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)


/ 6000 = 7.762 kN
- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
= 2970 x 15.680 Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 7.762 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 1600 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 1.600 ton = 15.680 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 3.600 7.500 27.000 1.980 25.000 1336.500
Total (W c) 1336.500

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 170.559 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 1336.500 / 170.559 = 7.8 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 7.5 / 30 ) = 0.850 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 3.600 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.720 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 7.500 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.750 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 1.980 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 3.600 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 1.1m )


Where, = 1.650 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 1.1 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
045-P-
17.404 170.559 x 3.900 = 665.180 170.559 x 1.724 = 294.044 170.559 x 3.971 = 677.290
101A/B/C
F1 136.378 1,336.500 x 3.750 = 5011.875 1,336.500 x 1.800 = 2405.700 1,336.500 x 0.990 = 1323.135
Total 153.782 5677.055 2699.744 2000.425

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 5677.055 / ( 170.559 + 1336.500 ) = 3.767 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 2699 744
2699.744 / ( 170 559
170.559 1336 500
+ 1336.500 ) = 1 791
1.791 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 2000.425 / ( 170.559 + 1336.500 ) = 1.327 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 3.750 - 3.767 ) / 3.750 x 100 %
= -0.45 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.800 - 1.791 ) / 1.800 x 100 %
= 0.48 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

045-P-101A/B/C 3.767 - 3.900 = -0.133 1.791 - 1.724 = 0.067 1.327 - 3.971 = -2.644

F1 3.767 - 3.750 = 0.017 1.791 - 1.724 = -0.009 1.327 - 0.990 = 0.337


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 3.600 1.980 7.500 7.500 x 3.600= 27.000 7.500 x 3.600^2 / 6 = 16.200

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
045-P- 2.644 + 0.067
17.404 0 0.000 121.712
101A/B/C = 6.993
2 2 2 2
270.949
3.600 + 1.980 0.337 + 0.009
F1 136.38 =1.407 191.842 15.532
12 = 0.114

Total 153.782 191.842 137.244 270.949

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 191.842 ) + ( 121.712 + 15.532 ) + ( 270.949 )
= 270.949 (kN.m.sec2)

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 7.50 x 3.60 ) x 1.06 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,612,079.379 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.93 ) = 1.06
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 7.50 x 3.60 / π = 2.93 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.50 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.60 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 7.50 x 3.60 ) x 1.17 = 1,272,751.415 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.93 ) = 1.17
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 7.50 x 3.60 / π = 2.93 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.50 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.60 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.44 x 7.50 x 3.60 2
x 1.15 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 6,618,868.930 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.44 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.47 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.47 ) = 1.15
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 7.50 x 3.60 3
/ 3π ) = 2.47 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.50 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.60 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.480 2.15
βh(βx) 0.480 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.480 0.44

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.162 = 0.781
Bv 0.400
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 1507.06 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.06 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 7.50 x 3.60 / π = 2.93 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 1507.06
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.400
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.93 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.93 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.06
= 1.162
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.50 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.60 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 1.467 = 0.550
Bh 0.593
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 1507.06 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.17 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 7.50 x 3.60 / π = 2.93 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 1507.06
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.593
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.93 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.93 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.170
= 1.467
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.50 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.60 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.024


Dψ = = = 0.159
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.53 x 0.291 ) x ( 1.533 x 0.291 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 1507.06 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.15 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 270.95 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 7.50 x 3.60 3
/ 3π ) = 2.47 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 270.95
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.291
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 2.5 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.47 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.47 ) / 1.15
= 1 024
1.024
B : Horizontal Dimension = 7.50 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.60 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.291
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.533

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 0.781 0.05 0.831
Horizontal 0.550 0.05 0.600
Rocking (About X) 0.159 0.05 0.209

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,612,079.379
fnv = x = x = 977.716 rpm
2π mi 2π 153.782

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,612,079.379 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 153.782 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,272,751.415
fnh = x = x = 868.743 rpm
2π mi 2π 153.782

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,272,751.415 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 153.782 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 6,618,868.930
fnψ = x = x = 1492.517 rpm
2π iψ 2π 270.949

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 6,618,868.930 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 270.949 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 0.83 2
= 1.381 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.831
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 977.716 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = 977.7 x √( 1 - 1.381 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2970.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.60 2
= 0.720 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.600
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 868.743 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) 868 7
= 868.7 x √( 1 0 720
- 0.720 ) = 459 852
459.852 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = 321.896 rpm , 1.3 frh = 597.807 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2970.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.21 2
= 0.087 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.209
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 1492.517 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 1492.5 x √( 1 - 0.087 ) = 1425.742 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 998.019 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 1853.464 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2970.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 3.04 ) + (2 x 0.831 x 3.04 )2

= 0.104 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 3.04
ω : Operating Speed = 2970 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 977.716 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.831

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 3.42 2 2
) + (2 x 0.600 x 3.42 )2

= 0.087 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 3.42
ω : Operating Speed = 2970 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 868.743 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 600
0.600

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 1.99 ) + (2 x 0.209 x 1.99 )2

= 0.325 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 1.99
ω : Operating Speed = 2970 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 1492.517 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.209

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 7.76
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.104 x ( ) = 0.0000005 m
Kv 1,612,079.379

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,612,079.379 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.104
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 7.762 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 7.76
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.087 x ( ) = 0.0000005 m
Kh 1,272,751.415

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,272,751.415 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.087
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 7.762 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 7.76
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 0.325 x ( ) = 0.00000038 rad
Kψ 6,618,868.930

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 6,618,868.930 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 0.325
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 7.762 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000005 + 0.00000038 x 3.60 / 2 = 0.00000118529 m = 0.0000467 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000005 + 0.00000038 x 1.33 = 0.00000103895 m = 0.0000409 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 3.60 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 1.33 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00004667in 2970 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 49.50 x 0.0000467
= 0.0145 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 2970 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 49.500 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.831 × 3.04 )
= = 0.533
( 1 - 3.04 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 0.831 × 3.04 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 0.831
rv : ω / fnv = 2970 / 977.716 = 3.04

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.600 × 3.42 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.369
( 1 - 3.42 ) + ( 2 × 0.600 × 3.42 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.600
rh : ω / fnh = 2970 / 868.743 = 3.42

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.209 × 1.99 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.423
( 1 - 1.99 ) + ( 2 × 0.209 × 1.99 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.209
rψ : ω / fnψ = 2970 / 1492.517 = 1.99

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 0.533 x 7.762 = 4.138 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 0.369 x 7.762 = 2.863 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 0.423 x 10.303 = 4.360 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 7.762 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 7.762 x 1.327
= 10.303 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 1336.500 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 255.839 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 4.138 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 4.360 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 169.323 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
1592.339 4.138 173.682
= ± ±
27.000 27.000 16.200

Max. = 69.85 kN/m2 < 140 x 0.5 = 70.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 48.10 kN/m2 < 140 x 0.5 = 70.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 27.000 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 16.200 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 173.682 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 4.138 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 1592.339 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D25 @ 200 b = D25 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D25 @ 200 b = D25 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
045-P-101A/B/C D25 D25 D12 D16 30 41.535 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
170.56 kN 2970 RPM 7.762 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


7.762 kN 7.762 kN 10.303 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1612079.379 kN/m 1272751.415 kN/m 6618868.930 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


1337 kN 27.0 m² 270.949 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 977.716 RPM 868.743 RPM 1492.517 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 0.831 0.600 0.209

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.1 < 1.5 0.09 < 1.5 0.33 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000005m 0.0000005m 0.00000038rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0145 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.369 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 0.533 0.369 0.423

Transmitted Force 4.138kN 2.863kN 4.360kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 69.85kN/m² / 48.1kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #6 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-201A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 98 kN/m2 (BH-121)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
3300
3300

1650 1650

200 2900 200

140
2600
C.G of Unit

( 2707, 1610, 1690 )

4920

5200
5200
C.G of F1

( 2600, 1650, 450 )


2600

F1(Footing)
X
X
140

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 2707

C.G of F1,F2 2600

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

1100
300
C.G of F1
1690

F1 Z
450

600
Z

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 045-P-201A/B 9.445 92.561 2.707 1.610 1.690
Total 9.445 92.561

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 992 RPM (Vendor Print) = 103.9 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 992 x 5.459 / 6000 = 0.902 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 0.902 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 557 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.557 ton = 5.459 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 3.300 5.200 17.160 0.900 25.000 386.100
Total (W c) 386.100

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 92.561 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 386.100 / 92.561 = 4.2 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 5.2 / 30 ) = 0.773 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 3.300 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.660 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 5.200 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.520 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 0.900 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 3.300 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 1.1m )


Where, = 1.650 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 1.1 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
045-P-
9.445 92.561 x 2.707 = 250.563 92.561 x 1.610 = 149.023 92.561 x 1.690 = 156.428
201A/B
F1 39.398 386.100 x 2.600 = 1003.860 386.100 x 1.650 = 637.065 386.100 x 0.450 = 173.745
Total 48.843 1254.423 786.088 330.173

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1254.423 / ( 92.561 + 386.100 ) = 2.621 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 786 088
786.088 / ( 92 561
92.561 + 386 100
386.100 ) = 1 642
1.642 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 330.173 / ( 92.561 + 386.100 ) = 0.690 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 2.600 - 2.621 ) / 2.600 x 100 %
= -0.80 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.650 - 1.642 ) / 1.650 x 100 %
= 0.47 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

045-P-201A/B 2.621 - 2.707 = -0.086 1.642 - 1.610 = 0.032 0.690 - 1.690 = -1.000

F1 2.621 - 2.600 = 0.021 1.642 - 1.610 = -0.008 0.690 - 0.450 = 0.240


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 3.300 0.900 5.200 5.200 x 3.300= 17.160 5.200 x 3.300^2 / 6 = 9.438

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
045-P- 1.000 + 0.032
9.445 0 0.000 9.459
201A/B = 1.001
2 2 2 2
23.240
3.300 + 0.900 0.240 + 0.008
F1 39.40 =0.975 38.413 2.268
12 = 0.058

Total 48.843 38.413 11.727 23.240

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 38.413 ) + ( 9.459 + 2.268 ) + ( 23.240 )
= 23.240 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 5.20 x 3.30 ) x 1.08 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,304,373.039 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.34 ) = 1.08
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.20 x 3.30 / π = 2.34 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.20 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.30 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.01

x ( 5.20 x 3.30 ) x 1.21 = 1,039,698.516 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.01 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.34 ) = 1.21
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 5.20 x 3.30 / π = 2.34 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.20 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.30 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.46 x 5.20 x 3.30 2
x 1.18 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 4,148,701.856 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.46 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.11 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.11 ) = 1.18
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 5.20 x 3.30 3
/ 3π ) = 2.11 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.20 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.30 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.635 2.15
βh(βx) 0.635 1.01
βψ(βψ) 0.635 0.46

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.202 = 1.020
Bv 0.251
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 478.66 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.08 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.20 x 3.30 / π = 2.34 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 478.66
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.251
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.34 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.34 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.08
= 1.202
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.20 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.30 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 1.576 = 0.746
Bh 0.372
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 478.66 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.21 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.20 x 3.30 / π = 2.34 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 478.66
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.372
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.34 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.34 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.213
= 1.576
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.20 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.30 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.033


Dψ = = = 0.482
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.60 x 0.055 ) x ( 1.600 x 0.055 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 0.60 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 478.66 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.18 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 23.24 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 5.20 x 3.30 3
/ 3π ) = 2.11 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 23.24
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.055
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 2.1 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.11 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 0.60 / 2.11 ) / 1.18
= 1 033
1.033
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.20 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 3.30 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.055
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.600

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 1.020 0.05 1.070
Horizontal 0.746 0.05 0.796
Rocking (About X) 0.482 0.05 0.532

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,304,373.039
fnv = x = x = 1560.527 rpm
2π mi 2π 48.843

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,304,373.039 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 48.843 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,039,698.516
fnh = x = x = 1393.234 rpm
2π mi 2π 48.843

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,039,698.516 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 48.843 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 4,148,701.856
fnψ = x = x = 4034.716 rpm
2π iψ 2π 23.240

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 4,148,701.856 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 23.240 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 1.07 2
= 2.290 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.070
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1560.527 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 2.290 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 992.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.80 2
= 1.268 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.796
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1393.234 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1393.2
1393 2 x √( 1 1 268
- 1.268 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 992.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.53 2
= 0.566 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.532
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 4034.716 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 4034.7 x √( 1 - 0.566 ) = 2659.062 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1861.344 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 3456.781 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 992.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 0.64 ) + (2 x 1.070 x 0.64 )2

= 0.673 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 0.64
ω : Operating Speed = 992 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1560.527 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.070

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 0.71 2 2
) + (2 x 0.796 x 0.71 )2

= 0.809 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 0.71
ω : Operating Speed = 992 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1393.234 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 796
0.796

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 0.25 ) + (2 x 0.532 x 0.25 )2

= 1.025 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 0.25
ω : Operating Speed = 992 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 4034.716 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.532

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 0.90
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.673 x ( ) = 0.0000005 m
Kv 1,304,373.039

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,304,373.039 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.673
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 0.902 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 0.90
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.809 x ( ) = 0.0000007 m
Kh 1,039,698.516

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,039,698.516 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.809
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 0.902 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 0.90
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.025 x ( ) = 0.00000022 rad
Kψ 4,148,701.856

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 4,148,701.856 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.025
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 0.902 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000005 + 0.00000022 x 3.30 / 2 = 0.00000083386 m = 0.0000328 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000007 + 0.00000022 x 0.69 = 0.00000085592 m = 0.0000337 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 3.30 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.69 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zh =0.0000337in 992 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 16.53 x 0.0000337
= 0.0035 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Extremely Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 992 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 16.533 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 1.070 × 0.64 )
= = 1.137
( 1 - 0.64 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 1.070 × 0.64 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 1.070
rv : ω / fnv = 992 / 1560.527 = 0.64

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.796 × 0.71 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.223
( 1 - 0.71 ) + ( 2 × 0.796 × 0.71 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.796
rh : ω / fnh = 992 / 1393.234 = 0.71

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.532 × 0.25 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.060
( 1 - 0.25 ) + ( 2 × 0.532 × 0.25 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.532
rψ : ω / fnψ = 992 / 4034.716 = 0.25

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 1.137 x 0.902 = 1.026 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 1.223 x 0.902 = 1.104 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.060 x 0.623 = 0.660 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 0.902 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 0.902 x 0.690
= 0.623 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 386.100 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 138.842 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 1.026 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 0.660 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 39.107 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
524.942 1.026 39.767
= ± ±
17.160 17.160 9.438

Max. = 34.86 kN/m2 < 98 x 0.5 = 49.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 26.32 kN/m2 < 98 x 0.5 = 49.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 17.160 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 9.438 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 39.767 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 1.026 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 524.942 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
045-P-201A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 56.780 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
92.56 kN 992 RPM 0.902 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


0.902 kN 0.902 kN 0.623 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1304373.039 kN/m 1039698.516 kN/m 4148701.856 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


386 kN 17.2 m² 23.240 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1560.527 RPM 1393.234 RPM 4034.716 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 1.070 0.796 0.532

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.67 < 1.5 0.81 < 1.5 1.03 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000005m 0.0000007m 0.00000022rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0035 in/sec ∴ Extremely Smooth 0.089 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 1.137 1.223 1.060

Transmitted Force 1.026kN 1.104kN 0.660kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 34.86kN/m² / 26.32kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #7 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-202A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 140 kN/m2 (Site Investigation Result)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
2900
2900

1450 1450

205 2490 205

140
3150
C.G of Unit

( 3481, 1537, 2469 )

6020

6300
6300
C.G of F1

( 3150, 1450, 750 )


3150

F1(Footing)
X
X
140

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3481

C.G of F1,F2 3150

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

800
300
C.G of F1
2469

F1 Z

1200
750

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 045-P-202A/B 11.491 112.612 3.481 1.537 2.469
Total 11.491 112.612

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 2970 RPM (Vendor Print) = 311 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 2970 x 6.958 / 6000 = 3.444 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 3.444 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 710 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.710 ton = 6.958 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 2.900 6.300 18.270 1.500 25.000 685.125
Total (W c) 685.125

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 112.612 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 685.125 / 112.612 = 6.1 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 6.3 / 30 ) = 0.810 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 2.900 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.580 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 6.300 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.630 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 1.500 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 2.900 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 0.8m )


Where, = 1.200 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 0.8 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
045-P-
11.491 112.612 x 3.481 = 392.002 112.612 x 1.537 = 173.085 112.612 x 2.469 = 278.039
202A/B
F1 69.911 685.125 x 3.150 = 2158.144 685.125 x 1.450 = 993.431 685.125 x 0.750 = 513.844
Total 81.402 2550.146 1166.516 791.883

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 2550.146 / ( 112.612 + 685.125 ) = 3.197 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1166 516
1166.516 / ( 112 612
112.612 + 685 125
685.125 ) = 1 462
1.462 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 791.883 / ( 112.612 + 685.125 ) = 0.993 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 3.150 - 3.197 ) / 3.150 x 100 %
= -1.48 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.450 - 1.462 ) / 1.450 x 100 %
= -0.85 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

045-P-202A/B 3.197 - 3.481 = -0.284 1.462 - 1.537 = -0.075 0.993 - 2.469 = -1.476

F1 3.197 - 3.150 = 0.047 1.462 - 1.537 = 0.012 0.993 - 0.750 = 0.243


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 2.900 1.500 6.300 6.300 x 2.900= 18.270 6.300 x 2.900^2 / 6 = 8.831

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
045-P- 1.476 + 0.075
11.491 0 0.000 25.110
202A/B = 2.185
2 2 2 2
80.211
2.900 + 1.500 0.243 + 0.012
F1 69.91 =0.888 62.104 4.127
12 = 0.059

Total 81.402 62.104 29.237 80.211

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 62.104 ) + ( 25.110 + 4.127 ) + ( 80.211 )
= 80.211 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 6.30 x 2.90 ) x 1.15 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,437,545.018 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 ) = 1.15
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 6.30 x 2.90 ) x 1.41 = 1,264,424.473 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 ) = 1.41
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.43 x 6.30 x 2.90 2
x 1.43 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 4,440,385.045 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.43 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 ) = 1.43
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 6.30 x 2.90 3
/ 3π ) = 2.01 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.460 2.15
βh(βx) 0.460 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.460 0.43

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.379 = 0.951
Bv 0.380
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 797.74 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.15 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 797.74
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.380
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.41 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.15
= 1.379
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 2.041 = 0.785
Bh 0.564
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 797.74 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.41 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 6.30 x 2.90 / π = 2.41 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 797.74
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.564
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.41 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.41 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.413
= 2.041
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.176


Dψ = = = 0.208
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.57 x 0.241 ) x ( 1.570 x 0.241 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 797.74 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.43 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 80.21 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 6.30 x 2.90 3
/ 3π ) = 2.01 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 80.21
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.241
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 2.0 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.01 ) / 1.43
= 1 176
1.176
B : Horizontal Dimension = 6.30 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.90 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.241
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.570

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 0.951 0.05 1.001
Horizontal 0.785 0.05 0.835
Rocking (About X) 0.208 0.05 0.258

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,437,545.018
fnv = x = x = 1269.011 rpm
2π mi 2π 81.402

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,437,545.018 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 81.402 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,264,424.473
fnh = x = x = 1190.148 rpm
2π mi 2π 81.402

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,264,424.473 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 81.402 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 4,440,385.045
fnψ = x = x = 2246.795 rpm
2π iψ 2π 80.211

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 4,440,385.045 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 80.211 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 1.00 2
= 2.003 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.001
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1269.011 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 2.003 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2970.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.83 2
= 1.393 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.835
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1190.148 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1190.1
1190 1 x √( 1 1 393
- 1.393 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2970.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.26 2
= 0.133 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.258
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2246.795 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 2246.8 x √( 1 - 0.133 ) = 2091.765 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1464.236 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 2719.295 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2970.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 2.34 ) + (2 x 1.001 x 2.34 )2

= 0.154 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 2.34
ω : Operating Speed = 2970 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1269.011 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 1.001

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 2.50 2 2
) + (2 x 0.835 x 2.50 )2

= 0.150 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 2.50
ω : Operating Speed = 2970 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1190.148 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 835
0.835

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 1.32 ) + (2 x 0.258 x 1.32 )2

= 0.988 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 1.32
ω : Operating Speed = 2970 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2246.795 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.258

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 3.44
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.154 x ( ) = 0.0000004 m
Kv 1,437,545.018

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,437,545.018 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.154
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 3.444 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 3.44
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.150 x ( ) = 0.0000004 m
Kh 1,264,424.473

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,264,424.473 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.150
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 3.444 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 3.44
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 0.988 x ( ) = 0.00000077 rad
Kψ 4,440,385.045

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 4,440,385.045 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 0.988
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 3.444 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000004 + 0.00000077 x 2.90 / 2 = 0.00000148107 m = 0.0000583 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000004 + 0.00000077 x 0.99 = 0.00000116833 m = 0.0000460 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 2.90 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.99 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00005831in 2970 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 49.50 x 0.0000583
= 0.0181 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 2970 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 49.500 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 1.001 × 2.34 )
= = 0.739
( 1 - 2.34 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 1.001 × 2.34 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 1.001
rv : ω / fnv = 2970 / 1269.011 = 2.34

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.835 × 2.50 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.641
( 1 - 2.50 ) + ( 2 × 0.835 × 2.50 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.835
rh : ω / fnh = 2970 / 1190.148 = 2.50

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.258 × 1.32 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.196
( 1 - 1.32 ) + ( 2 × 0.258 × 1.32 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.258
rψ : ω / fnψ = 2970 / 2246.795 = 1.32

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 0.739 x 3.444 = 2.546 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 0.641 x 3.444 = 2.207 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.196 x 3.419 = 4.090 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 3.444 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 3.444 x 0.993
= 3.419 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 685.125 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 168.918 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 2.546 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 4.090 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 69.510 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
854.043 2.546 73.600
= ± ±
18.270 18.270 8.831

Max. = 55.22 kN/m2 < 140 x 0.5 = 70.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 38.27 kN/m2 < 140 x 0.5 = 70.00 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 18.270 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 8.831 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 73.600 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 2.546 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 854.043 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
045-P-202A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 35.639 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
112.61 kN 2970 RPM 3.444 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


3.444 kN 3.444 kN 3.419 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1437545.018 kN/m 1264424.473 kN/m 4440385.045 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


685 kN 18.3 m² 80.211 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1269.011 RPM 1190.148 RPM 2246.795 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 1.001 0.835 0.258

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.15 < 1.5 0.15 < 1.5 0.99 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000004m 0.0000004m 0.00000077rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0181 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.461 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 0.739 0.641 1.196

Transmitted Force 2.546kN 2.207kN 4.090kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 55.22kN/m² / 38.27kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #8 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 045-P-302A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 115 kN/m2 (BH-121)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
2800
2800

1400 1400

180 2440 180

148
2800
C.G of Unit

( 2957, 1469, 2400 )

5305

5600
5600
C.G of F1

( 2800, 1400, 750 )


2800

F1(Footing)
X
X
148

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 2957

C.G of F1,F2 2800

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

800
300
C.G of F1
2400

F1 Z

1200
750

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 045-P-302A/B 9.456 92.669 2.957 1.469 2.400
Total 9.456 92.669

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 2960 RPM (Vendor Print) = 310 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 2960 x 5.439 / 6000 = 2.683 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 2.683 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 555 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.555 ton = 5.439 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 2.800 5.600 15.680 1.500 25.000 588.000
Total (W c) 588.000

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 92.669 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 588.000 / 92.669 = 6.3 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 5.6 / 30 ) = 0.787 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 2.800 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.560 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 5.600 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.560 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 1.500 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 2.800 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 0.8m )


Where, = 1.200 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 0.8 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
045-P-
9.456 92.669 x 2.957 = 274.022 92.669 x 1.469 = 136.131 92.669 x 2.400 = 222.406
302A/B
F1 60.000 588.000 x 2.800 = 1646.400 588.000 x 1.400 = 823.200 588.000 x 0.750 = 441.000
Total 69.456 1920.422 959.331 663.406

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1920.422 / ( 92.669 + 588.000 ) = 2.821 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 959 331
959.331 / ( 92 669
92.669 + 588 000
588.000 ) = 1 409
1.409 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 663.406 / ( 92.669 + 588.000 ) = 0.975 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 2.800 - 2.821 ) / 2.800 x 100 %
= -0.76 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.400 - 1.409 ) / 1.400 x 100 %
= -0.67 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

045-P-302A/B 2.821 - 2.957 = -0.136 1.409 - 1.469 = -0.060 0.975 - 2.400 = -1.425

F1 2.821 - 2.800 = 0.021 1.409 - 1.469 = 0.009 0.975 - 0.750 = 0.225


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 2.800 1.500 5.600 5.600 x 2.800= 15.680 5.600 x 2.800^2 / 6 = 7.317

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
045-P- 1.425 + 0.060
9.456 0 0.000 19.245
302A/B = 2.035
2 2 2 2
65.978
2.800 + 1.500 0.225 + 0.009
F1 60.00 =0.841 50.450 3.033
12 = 0.051

Total 69.456 50.450 22.278 65.978

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 50.450 ) + ( 19.245 + 3.033 ) + ( 65.978 )
= 65.978 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 5.60 x 2.80 ) x 1.16 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,345,689.478 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 ) = 1.16
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 5.60 x 2.80 ) x 1.45 = 1,198,560.128 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 ) = 1.45
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.44 x 5.60 x 2.80 2
x 1.46 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 3,815,682.795 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.44 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 ) = 1.46
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 5.60 x 2.80 3
/ 3π ) = 1.90 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.500 2.15
βh(βx) 0.500 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.500 0.44

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.408 = 0.937
Bv 0.408
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 680.67 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.16 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 680.67
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.408
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.23 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.16
= 1.408
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 2.112 = 0.784
Bh 0.606
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 680.67 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.45 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 680.67
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.606
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.23 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.445
= 2.112
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.202


Dψ = = = 0.201
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.55 x 0.262 ) x ( 1.554 x 0.262 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 680.67 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.46 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 65.98 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 5.60 x 2.80 3
/ 3π ) = 1.90 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 65.98
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.262
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 1.9 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 ) / 1.46
= 1 202
1.202
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.262
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.554

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 0.937 0.05 0.987
Horizontal 0.784 0.05 0.834
Rocking (About X) 0.201 0.05 0.251

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,345,689.478
fnv = x = x = 1329.195 rpm
2π mi 2π 69.456

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,345,689.478 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 69.456 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,198,560.128
fnh = x = x = 1254.430 rpm
2π mi 2π 69.456

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,198,560.128 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 69.456 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 3,815,682.795
fnψ = x = x = 2296.461 rpm
2π iψ 2π 65.978

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 3,815,682.795 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 65.978 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 0.99 2
= 1.946 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.987
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1329.195 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 1.946 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.83 2
= 1.390 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.834
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1254.430 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1254.4
1254 4 x √( 1 1 390
- 1.390 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

`
7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.25 2
= 0.126 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.251
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2296.461 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 2296.5 x √( 1 - 0.126 ) = 2147.080 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1502.956 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 2791.204 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 2.23 ) + (2 x 0.987 x 2.23 )2

= 0.169 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 2.23
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1329.195 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.987

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 2.36 2 2
) + (2 x 0.834 x 2.36 )2

= 0.166 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 2.36
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1254.430 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 834
0.834

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 1.29 ) + (2 x 0.251 x 1.29 )2

= 1.081 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 1.29
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2296.461 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.251

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 2.68
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.169 x ( ) = 0.0000003 m
Kv 1,345,689.478

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,345,689.478 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.169
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 2.68
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.166 x ( ) = 0.0000004 m
Kh 1,198,560.128

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,198,560.128 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.166
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 2.68
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.081 x ( ) = 0.00000076 rad
Kψ 3,815,682.795

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 3,815,682.795 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.081
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000003 + 0.00000076 x 2.80 / 2 = 0.00000140146 m = 0.0000552 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000004 + 0.00000076 x 0.97 = 0.00000111229 m = 0.0000438 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 2.80 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.97 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00005518in 2960 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 49.33 x 0.0000552
= 0.0171 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 2960 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 49.333 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.987 × 2.23 )
= = 0.762
( 1 - 2.23 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 0.987 × 2.23 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 0.987
rv : ω / fnv = 2960 / 1329.195 = 2.23

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.834 × 2.36 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.673
( 1 - 2.36 ) + ( 2 × 0.834 × 2.36 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.834
rh : ω / fnh = 2960 / 1254.430 = 2.36

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.251 × 1.29 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.287
( 1 - 1.29 ) + ( 2 × 0.251 × 1.29 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.251
rψ : ω / fnψ = 2960 / 2296.461 = 1.29

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 0.762 x 2.683 = 2.044 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 0.673 x 2.683 = 1.807 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.287 x 2.615 = 3.367 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 2.683 x 0.975
= 2.615 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 588.000 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 139.003 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 2.044 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 3.367 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 55.601 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
727.003 2.044 58.968
= ± ±
15.680 15.680 7.317

Max. = 54.55 kN/m2 < 115 x 0.5 = 57.50 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 38.18 kN/m2 < 115 x 0.5 = 57.50 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 15.680 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 7.317 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 58.968 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 2.044 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 727.003 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
045-P-302A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 36.762 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
92.67 kN 2960 RPM 2.683 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


2.683 kN 2.683 kN 2.615 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1345689.478 kN/m 1198560.128 kN/m 3815682.795 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


588 kN 15.7 m² 65.978 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1329.195 RPM 1254.430 RPM 2296.461 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 0.987 0.834 0.251

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.17 < 1.5 0.17 < 1.5 1.08 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000003m 0.0000004m 0.00000076rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0171 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.435 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 0.762 0.673 1.287

Transmitted Force 2.044kN 1.807kN 3.367kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 54.55kN/m² / 38.18kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #9 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 046-P-101A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 115 kN/m2 (BH-121)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
2800
2800

1400 1400

180 2440 180

148
2800
C.G of Unit

( 3149, 1454, 2141 )

5305

5600
5600
C.G of F1

( 2800, 1400, 750 )


2800

F1(Footing)
X
X
148

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3149

C.G of F1,F2 2800

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

800
300
C.G of F1
2141

F1 Z

1200
750

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 046-P-101A/B 8.785 86.093 3.149 1.454 2.141
Total 8.785 86.093

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 2975 RPM (Vendor Print) = 311.5 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 2975 x 4.866 / 6000 = 2.413 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 2.413 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 497 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.497 ton = 4.866 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 2.800 5.600 15.680 1.500 25.000 588.000
Total (W c) 588.000

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 86.093 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 588.000 / 86.093 = 6.8 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 5.6 / 30 ) = 0.787 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 2.800 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.560 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 5.600 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.560 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 1.500 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 2.800 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 0.8m )


Where, = 1.200 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 0.8 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
046-P-
8.785 86.093 x 3.149 = 271.107 86.093 x 1.454 = 125.179 86.093 x 2.141 = 184.325
101A/B
F1 60.000 588.000 x 2.800 = 1646.400 588.000 x 1.400 = 823.200 588.000 x 0.750 = 441.000
Total 68.785 1917.507 948.379 625.325

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1917.507 / ( 86.093 + 588.000 ) = 2.845 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 948 379
948.379 / ( 86 093
86.093 + 588 000
588.000 ) = 1 407
1.407 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 625.325 / ( 86.093 + 588.000 ) = 0.928 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 2.800 - 2.845 ) / 2.800 x 100 %
= -1.59 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.400 - 1.407 ) / 1.400 x 100 %
= -0.49 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

046-P-101A/B 2.845 - 3.149 = -0.304 1.407 - 1.454 = -0.047 0.928 - 2.141 = -1.213

F1 2.845 - 2.800 = 0.045 1.407 - 1.454 = 0.007 0.928 - 0.750 = 0.178


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 2.800 1.500 5.600 5.600 x 2.800= 15.680 5.600 x 2.800^2 / 6 = 7.317

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
046-P- 1.213 + 0.047
8.785 0 0.000 12.953
101A/B = 1.474
2 2 2 2
59.192
2.800 + 1.500 0.178 + 0.007
F1 60.00 =0.841 50.450 1.897
12 = 0.032

Total 68.785 50.450 14.849 59.192

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 50.450 ) + ( 12.953 + 1.897 ) + ( 59.192 )
= 59.192 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 5.60 x 2.80 ) x 1.16 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,345,689.478 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 ) = 1.16
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 5.60 x 2.80 ) x 1.45 = 1,198,560.128 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 ) = 1.45
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.44 x 5.60 x 2.80 2
x 1.46 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 3,815,682.795 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.44 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 ) = 1.46
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 5.60 x 2.80 3
/ 3π ) = 1.90 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.500 2.15
βh(βx) 0.500 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.500 0.44

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.408 = 0.941
Bv 0.404
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 674.09 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.16 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 674.09
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.404
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.23 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.16
= 1.408
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 2.112 = 0.788
Bh 0.600
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 674.09 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.45 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 674.09
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.600
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.23 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.445
= 2.112
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.202


Dψ = = = 0.216
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.57 x 0.235 ) x ( 1.574 x 0.235 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 674.09 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.46 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 59.19 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 5.60 x 2.80 3
/ 3π ) = 1.90 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 59.19
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.235
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 1.9 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 ) / 1.46
= 1 202
1.202
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.235
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.574

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 0.941 0.05 0.991
Horizontal 0.788 0.05 0.838
Rocking (About X) 0.216 0.05 0.266

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,345,689.478
fnv = x = x = 1335.663 rpm
2π mi 2π 68.785

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,345,689.478 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 68.785 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,198,560.128
fnh = x = x = 1260.534 rpm
2π mi 2π 68.785

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,198,560.128 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 68.785 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 3,815,682.795
fnψ = x = x = 2424.514 rpm
2π iψ 2π 59.192

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 3,815,682.795 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 59.192 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 0.99 2
= 1.964 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.991
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1335.663 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 1.964 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2975.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.84 2
= 1.403 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.838
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1260.534 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1260.5
1260 5 x √( 1 1 403
- 1.403 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2975.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.27 2
= 0.142 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.266
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2424.514 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 2424.5 x √( 1 - 0.142 ) = 2245.830 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1572.081 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 2919.579 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2975.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 2.23 ) + (2 x 0.991 x 2.23 )2

= 0.169 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 2.23
ω : Operating Speed = 2975 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1335.663 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.991

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 2.36 2 2
) + (2 x 0.838 x 2.36 )2

= 0.165 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 2.36
ω : Operating Speed = 2975 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1260.534 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 838
0.838

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 1.23 ) + (2 x 0.266 x 1.23 )2

= 1.210 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 1.23
ω : Operating Speed = 2975 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2424.514 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.266

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 2.41
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.169 x ( ) = 0.0000003 m
Kv 1,345,689.478

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,345,689.478 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.169
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.413 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 2.41
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.165 x ( ) = 0.0000003 m
Kh 1,198,560.128

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,198,560.128 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.165
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.413 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 2.41
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.210 x ( ) = 0.00000076 rad
Kψ 3,815,682.795

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 3,815,682.795 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.210
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.413 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000003 + 0.00000076 x 2.80 / 2 = 0.00000137320 m = 0.0000541 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000003 + 0.00000076 x 0.93 = 0.00000104272 m = 0.0000411 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 2.80 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.93 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00005406in 2975 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 49.58 x 0.0000541
= 0.0169 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 2975 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 49.583 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.991 × 2.23 )
= = 0.763
( 1 - 2.23 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 0.991 × 2.23 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 0.991
rv : ω / fnv = 2975 / 1335.663 = 2.23

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.838 × 2.36 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.675
( 1 - 2.36 ) + ( 2 × 0.838 × 2.36 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.838
rh : ω / fnh = 2975 / 1260.534 = 2.36

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.266 × 1.23 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.446
( 1 - 1.23 ) + ( 2 × 0.266 × 1.23 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.266
rψ : ω / fnψ = 2975 / 2424.514 = 1.23

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 0.763 x 2.413 = 1.841 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 0.675 x 2.413 = 1.628 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.446 x 2.238 = 3.235 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 2.413 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 2.413 x 0.928
= 2.238 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 588.000 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 129.140 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 1.841 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 3.235 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 46.081 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
717.140 1.841 49.316
= ± ±
15.680 15.680 7.317

Max. = 52.59 kN/m2 < 115 x 0.5 = 57.50 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 38.88 kN/m2 < 115 x 0.5 = 57.50 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 15.680 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 7.317 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 49.316 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 1.841 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 717.140 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
046-P-101A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 36.762 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
86.09 kN 2975 RPM 2.413 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


2.413 kN 2.413 kN 2.238 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1345689.478 kN/m 1198560.128 kN/m 3815682.795 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


588 kN 15.7 m² 59.192 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1335.663 RPM 1260.534 RPM 2424.514 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 0.991 0.838 0.266

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.17 < 1.5 0.17 < 1.5 1.21 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000003m 0.0000003m 0.00000076rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0169 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.428 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 0.763 0.675 1.446

Transmitted Force 1.841kN 1.628kN 3.235kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 52.59kN/m² / 38.88kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #10 CALCULATION SHEET FOR FOUNDATION OF 046-P-203A/B

CONTENTS

1. DEFINITION AND REFERENCE

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

3. CALCULATION

4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

5. SPRING CONSTANT

6. DAMPING RATIO

7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

8. REBAR DESIGN

9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

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1. DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCE

1.1 Definition

- Wf : Footing Width
- fo : Operating Frequency
-e : Eccentricity of Unbalanced Mass
- Fcv : Centrifugal Force
- Mr : Mass of Rotor
-r : Distance of from C.G. to each component
-ν : Poisson's Ratio
-G : Shear Modulus in Soil
- ro : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
-h : Depth of Foundation Embedment below Grade
- βv,βh,βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing
- ηv,ηh,ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants
- Bv,Bh,Bψ : Mass Ratio
- αv,αh,αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment
- nψ : Effective Damping Coefficient
- fnv,fnh,fnψ : Natural Frequency
- Dv,Dh,Dψ : Damping Ratio
- Yz,Yh,Yψ : Amplitude
- Mv,Mh,Mψ : Dynamic Magnification Factor
- CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
- CPS C l per S
: Cycle d H
Second, Hz
- Trv,Trh,Trψ : Transmissibility Force
- Wc : Weight of Concrete
- Wm : Weight of Machine

1.2 Codes and Reference

1) BS CP 2012 Part. 1

2) Suresh C. Arya, Design of Structures and Foundation for Vibrating Machines

2. DESIGN CRITERIA

2.1 Unit of Measurements

The SI and Metric units shall be used


- Force : kN (kgf)
- Length : Meter
- Temperature : Degree (Centigrade)

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2.2 Strength of Materials

1) Concrete
- The specified Cylinder Compressive Strength at 28 Days
: For Structural Concrete
f'c = 35 MPa ( 35 N/mm² )
: For Lean Concrete
f'c = 16 MPa ( 16 N/mm² )
- Unit Weight : γc = 25 kN/m3
- Modulus of Elasticity : Ec = 4,700 x fc
= 4,700 x 35 / 1,000 = 27.81 kN/mm²
4
≒ 28 kN/mm² ( 2.8 x 10 N/mm² )

2) Reinforcement
- Reinforcing bar : BS 4449, Grade 460. Epoxy coating shall not be used.
- Welded wire fabric : ASTM A185/A185M or BS 4483. Epoxy coating shall not be used.

- Yield strength : fy = 420 Mpa ( 420 N/mm² )


- Modulus of Elasticity : Es = 200 kN/mm²

3) Anchor Bolt
- Anchor Bolt : Anchor Bolts shall conform to ASTM A36/A36M. Nuts shall be ASTM A563M Class 5.

- All embedded items shall be hot-dip galvanized.

4) Grout 4.12, S-000-1310-0001V


(DEDD)

2.3 Subsoil Condition

1) Soil and water


- See Details in Soil Investigation Report
- Unit Weight : γs (Above G.W.L.) : 19 kN/m3
- Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity (Qa) : 115 kN/m2 (BH-121)
- Friction Coefficient between Soil and Concrete (μ) : 0.35
°
- μ = tan2/3 φ = tan 2/3 x 29 = 0.55
φ = 29 ° ( Angle of internal friction of the soil in degress )
- Shear Modulus in Dynamic Case ( G) (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
2
: 69000 kN/m
- Poisson's Ratio (Table 4.7.2-1 S-000-1310-0002V_0050)
: 0.492
- Internal Damping Ratio
: 0.05

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- Determination of Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil Bearing Capacity (kN/m2)


Soil Type Foundation Foundation Foundation
Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m) Size (1m x 1m)
BH-119 135 135 72
BH-120 137 137 60
BH-121 260 150 80
BH-122 137 137 60
BH-123 249 125 70
BH-124 277 175 75
BH-125 88 88 59
BH-126 137 137 60
BH-141 88 88 52
ABH-05 88 88 59
ABH-06 230 85 57
* Regarding undefined size of footing, The S.B.C can be sought
by linear interpolation of those between defined sizes
* If foundation pressure is not satisfied with design S.B.C, the value of pressure by site investigation
shall be applied. ( S.B.C of site investigation : 140 kN/m2 = Ultimate bearing Pressure / 3 )
Refer to 2.1.2, Attachment #11

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3. CALCULATION

3.1 General Sketch

"A"
2800
2800

1400 1400

205 2390 205

148
2800
C.G of Unit

( 3043, 1561, 2437 )

5305

5600
5600
C.G of F1

( 2800, 1400, 750 )


2800

F1(Footing)
X
X
148

Base Plate
"A"

(Unit : mm)
PLAN Direction : ( X , Y , Z )

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C.G of Unit 3043

C.G of F1,F2 2800

Centerline of shaft
C.G of Unit

800
300
C.G of F1
2437

F1 Z

1200
750

(Unit : mm)

SECTION "A"

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3.2 Machine Parameter

3.2.1 Machine Weight & C.G of Unit

Weight Weight Coordinates of C.G (m)


No. Unit Remark
(ton) (kN) X-dir Y-dir Z-dir
1 046-P-203A/B 8.027 78.665 3.043 1.561 2.437
Total 8.027 78.665

3.2.2 Operating Speed

- ω = 2960 RPM (Vendor Print) = 310 rad/sec

3.2.3 Centrifugal Force (Fcv)

- Fcv = ω x Wr / 6000 (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


= 2960 x 5.439 / 6000 = 2.683 kN Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
∴ Result = 2.683 kN
Where, Wr : Weight of Rotor = 555 kg (Refer to Attachment #1, Vendor Print)
= 0.555 ton = 5.439 kN

3.3 Foundation Size Check


(Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations
3.3.1 Foundation Weight Appensix-1 on DEDD.)

Foundation Size
γc (kN/m2) Weight (kN) Remark
Wdith (m) Length Area (m2) Height (m)
( )
F1 2.800 5.600 15.680 1.500 25.000 588.000
Total (W c) 588.000

3.3.2 Mass Ratio

- Machine Weight ( W m) : 78.665 kN (Vendor Print)


- Mass Ratio : Wc / Wm = 588.000 / 78.665 = 7.5 > 3.0 ---------- ∴ O.K
Where, W c : Weight of Concrete W m : Weight of Machine

3.3.3 Foundation Thickness Check (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- ① Minimum Thickness : 0.6 + ( L / 30 )
= 0.6 + ( 5.6 / 30 ) = 0.787 m

- ② Design Thickness : ( 1 / 5 ) x 2.800 ( Least Dimension ) = 0.560 m

- ③ Design Thickness : ( 1 / 10 ) x 5.600 ( Largest Dimension ) = 0.560 m

∴ FDN Footing Thk. : 1.500 m > ①, ②, ③ --------------- ∴ O.K

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3.3.4 Foundation Width Check

- Design Width : 2.800 m > 1.500 x Centerline of shaft ( 0.8m )


Where, = 1.200 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ∴ O.K
From Top of Pedestal to Centerline of Shaft = 0.8 m

3.4 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

3.4.1 Constants of Machine & Foundation

Weight / g X-Direction Y-Direction Z-Direction


Mass Weight x X = My Weight x Y = Mx Weight x Z = Mz
2
( kN.sec /m) (kN-m) (kN-m) (kN-m)
046-P-
8.027 78.665 x 3.043 = 239.378 78.665 x 1.561 = 122.796 78.665 x 2.437 = 191.707
203A/B
F1 60.000 588.000 x 2.800 = 1646.400 588.000 x 1.400 = 823.200 588.000 x 0.750 = 441.000
Total 68.027 1885.778 945.996 632.707

3.4.2 Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation

- X' = Total My / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 1885.778 / ( 78.665 + 588.000 ) = 2.829 m

- Y' = Total Mx / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 945 996
945.996 / ( 78 665
78.665 + 588 000
588.000 ) = 1 419
1.419 m

- Z' = Total Mz / Total Weight ( Machine + Foundation)


= 632.707 / ( 78.665 + 588.000 ) = 0.949 m

3.4.3 Eccentricity (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
- Eccentricity in X-dir = ( FDN Length / 2 - X' ) / ( FDN Length / 2 ) x 100
= ( 2.800 - 2.829 ) / 2.800 x 100 %
= -1.02 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

- Eccentricity in Y-dir = ( FDN Width / 2 - Y' ) / ( FDN Width / 2 ) x 100


= ( 1.400 - 1.419 ) / 1.400 x 100 %
= -1.36 % < 5 % ---------- ∴ O.K

3.4.4 Distance from C.G. to Each Item

X' - X = r (x) Y' - Y = r (y) Z' - Z = r (z)

046-P-203A/B 2.829 - 3.043 = -0.214 1.419 - 1.561 = -0.142 0.949 - 2.437 = -1.488

F1 2.829 - 2.800 = 0.029 1.419 - 1.561 = 0.019 0.949 - 0.750 = 0.199


r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component

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4. MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (X-Dir)


(Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Table 4-6
, Chapter 6-Table 6-3)

Z
Y
X

a (m) b (m) c (m) Area (m2) Modulus of Section (m2)

F1 2.800 1.500 5.600 5.600 x 2.800= 15.680 5.600 x 2.800^2 / 6 = 7.317

r (z)2 + r (y)2
Mass (mi) 2
ICL = a + b
2
mi x ICL mi x r2 mi x Z'2
(kN.sec2/m) 12 2 2
=r (m )
2 2
046-P- 1.488 + 0.142
8.027 0 0.000 17.933
203A/B = 2.234
2 2 2 2
61.273
2.800 + 1.500 0.199 + 0.019
F1 60.00 =0.841 50.450 2.399
12 = 0.040

Total 68.027 50.450 20.333 61.273

- iψ = mi x ICL + mi x r2 + mi x Z'2
- Machine iψ + Foundation iψ = ( 50.450 ) + ( 17.933 + 2.399 ) + ( 61.273 )
= 61.273 (kN.m.sec ) 2

where ,
r = Distance from Total C.G. to each component
iψ = Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion (kN.m.sec2)
Mass (mi) = See Clause 3.4.1 of this Calculation

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5. SPRING CONSTANT

5.1 Spring Constant for Vertical Translation (Design of Structures and Foundation for
Vibrating Machines, Chapter 4-Page.58~59)

G 69000
Kv = x [βv x (BL) x ηv] = x ( 2.15 x ( 5.60 x 2.80 ) x 1.16 )
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 1,345,689.478 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βv : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 2.15 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.6 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rv)
= 1 + 0.6 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 ) = 1.16
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

52
5.2 S i
Spring C t t ffor H
Constant i t l Translation
Horizontal T l ti

Kh = 2 (1 + ν) G x βh x (BL) x ηh = 2 ( 1 + 0.492 ) x 69000 x 1.02

x ( 5.60 x 2.80 ) x 1.45 = 1,198,560.128 kN/m

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βh : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 1.02 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.)
ᆞ 1 + 0.55 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rh)
= 1 + 0.55 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 ) = 1.45
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ (BxL/π = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

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5.3 Spring Constant for Rocking Translation

G 69000
Kψ = x [βψ x BL2 x ηψ] = x [ 0.44 x 5.60 x 2.80 2
x 1.46 ]
[1 - ν] 1 - 0.492

= 3,815,682.795 kN/m/rad

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
G : Shear Modulus of Soil = 69000 kN/m2
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
βψ : Correction Coefficients for Rectangular Footing = 0.44 (See Clause 5.4 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Rocking)
ᆞ 1 + 1.2 x ( 1 - ν ) x ( h / rψ) + 0.2 x ( 2 - ν ) x ( h / rψ)3 =
= 1 + 1.20 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 )
3
+ 0.20 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 ) = 1.46
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) = 4
( 5.60 x 2.80 3
/ 3π ) = 1.90 m
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

5.4 Coefficients βv, βh,βψ For Rectangular Footings

- Figure 4-1
L/B β
βv(βz) 0.500 2.15
βh(βx) 0.500 1.02
βψ(βψ) 0.500 0.44

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6. DAMPING RATIO

6.1 Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation

0.425 0.425
Dv = αv = = x 1.408 = 0.946
Bv 0.400
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 666.66 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηv : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Ver.)
= 1.16 (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
rv : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Ver.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
Bv : Mass Ratio (Ver.)
( 1 - v) W ( 1 - 0.492 ) 666.66
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.400
4 γs ᆞ rv 4 19 x 2.23 3

αv : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Ver.)


1 + 1.9 (1 - ν) (h / rv) 1 + 1.9 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 )
ᆞ =
ηv 1.16
= 1.408
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

6.2 Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation

0.2888 0.2888
Dh= αh= = x 2.112 = 0.792
Bh 0.593
Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 666.66 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηh : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Hor.) = 1.45 (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
rh : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Hor.)
ᆞ (BxL/π) = 5.60 x 2.80 / π = 2.23 m
Bh : Mass Ratio (Hor.)
( 7 - 8v) W ( 7 - 8 x 0.492 ) 666.66
ᆞ x 3
= x = 0.593
32( 1 - v ) γs ᆞ rh 32 x( 1 - 0.492 ) 19 x 2.23 3

αh : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Hor.)


1 + 1.9 (2 - ν) (h / rh) 1 + 1.9 x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 2.23 )
ᆞ =
ηh 1.445
= 2.112
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m

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6.3 Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation

0.15ᆞαψ 0.15 x 1.202


Dψ = = = 0.211
(1+nψᆞβψ) x (nψᆞβψ) ( 1 + 1.57 x 0.243 ) x ( 1.568 x 0.243 )

Where,
ν : Poisson's Ratio = 0.492
γs : Unit Weight of Soil = 19 kN/m3
ρ : Density of Soil = 1.94 kN·sec2 / m4
h : Depth of Foundation Embedment Below Grade = 1.20 m
W : Weight of Machine & Foundation = 666.66 kN (See Clause 3.1,4.1 of This Caculation)
ηψ : Embedment Coefficients for Spring Contants (Roc.)
= 1.46 (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
Iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mode = 61.27 (kN.m.sec2)
rψ : Equivalent Radius of Foundation (Rocking)
ᆞ 4
( B x L3 / 3π ) =
4
( 5.60 x 2.80 3
/ 3π ) = 1.90 m
βψ : Mass Ratio (Rocking)
3(1 - v) Iψ 3 ( 1 - 0.492 ) 61.27
ᆞ x 5
= x = 0.243
8 ρ ᆞ rψ 8 1.94 x 1.9 5

αψ : Effect of Depth of Embedment (Rocking)


1 + 0.7 (1 - ν) (h / rψ) + 0.6(2 - ν) (h / rψ)3

ηψ
1 + 0.7 x( 1 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 )
=
0.6 3
+ x( 2 - 0.492 ) x ( 1.20 / 1.90 ) / 1.46
= 1 202
1.202
B : Horizontal Dimension = 5.60 m
L : Horizontal Dimension Perpendicular to axis of Rocking = 2.80 m
nψ, βψ : Effective Damping Coefficient

βψ 5 3 2 1 0.8 0.5 0.2


nψ 1.079 1.11 1.143 1.219 1.251 1.378 1.600
- Table 4-5

βψ
Mass Ratio
0.243
Effective Damping Coefficient (nψ) 1.568

6.4 Total Damping Ratio

Geometrical Internal Total


Damping Ratio Damping Ratio Damping Ratio
Vertical 0.946 0.05 0.996
Horizontal 0.792 0.05 0.842
Rocking (About X) 0.211 0.05 0.261

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7. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

7.1 Natural Frequency (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.19)
7.1.1 Vertical Natural Frequency

60 Kv 60 1,345,689.478
fnv = x = x = 1343.084 rpm
2π mi 2π 68.027

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,345,689.478 kN/m (See Clause 5.1 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 68.027 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.2 Horizontal Natural Frequency

60 Kh 60 1,198,560.128
fnh = x = x = 1267.537 rpm
2π mi 2π 68.027

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,198,560.128 kN/m (See Clause 5.2 of This Caculation)
2
mi : Mass = 68.027 kN.sec /m (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

7.1.3 Rocking Natural Frequency

60 K
Kψ 60 3,815,682.795
fnψ = x = x = 2382.986 rpm
2π iψ 2π 61.273

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation
= 3,815,682.795 kN/m (See Clause 5.3 of This Caculation)
iψ : Mass Moment of Inertia for Rocking Mortion
= 61.273 kN.m.sec2 (See Clause 4.2 of This Caculation)

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7.2 Resonance Frequency Check

7.2.1 Vertical Resonance Frequency (Design Requirments for Machinery Foundations


Appensix-1 on DEDD.)
ᆞ 2 x Dv 2
= 2 x 1.00 2
= 1.985 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.996
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1343.084 rpm

ᆞ frv = fnv √ ( 1 - 2Dv2 ) = ##### x √ ( 1 - 1.985 ) = #NUM! rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frv = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frv = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.2 Horizontal Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dh2 = 2 x 0.84 2
= 1.418 > 1 ∴ Resonance not Possible

Where,
Dh : Total Damping Ratio for Horizontal Translation = 0.842
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1267.537 rpm

ᆞ frh f h √ ( 1 - 2Dh2
f h = fnh ) = 1267.5
1267 5 x √( 1 1 418
- 1.418 ) = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frh = #NUM! rpm , 1.3 frh = #NUM! rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ ## #NUM!
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequen

7.2.3 Rocking Resonance Frequency

ᆞ 2 x Dψ2 = 2 x 0.26 2
= 0.137 < 1 ∴ Resonance Condition Check !!!

Where,
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.261
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2382.986 rpm

ᆞ frψ = fnψ √ ( 1 - 2Dψ2 ) = 2383.0 x √( 1 - 0.137 ) = 2214.250 rpm


ᆞ 0.7 frψ = 1549.975 rpm , 1.3 frψ = 2878.525 rpm
ᆞ Operating Speed = 2960.00 rpm
ᆞ 0.7 frψ > Operating Speed or 1.3 frψ < Operating Speed ∴ Resonance not Possible
* The Operationg Frequency of The Machine Should Have at Least a Difference of 30% With The Resonance Frequency

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7.3 Dynamic Magnification Factor

7.3.1 Vertical Magnification Factor

1 1
Mv = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rv ) + (2·Dv·rv) (1 - 2.20 ) + (2 x 0.996 x 2.20 )2

= 0.171 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rv : ω / fnv = = 2.20
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnv : Vertical Natural Frequency = 1343.084 rpm
Dv : Total Damping Ratio for Vertical Translation = 0.996

7.3.2 Horizontal Magnification Factor

1 1
Mh = =
2 2
(1 - rh ) + (2·Dh·rh) 2
(1 - 2.34 2 2
) + (2 x 0.842 x 2.34 )2

= 0.168 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rh : ω / fnh = = 2.34
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnh : Horizontal Natural Frequency = 1267.537 rpm
T t l Damping
Dh : Total D i R ti ffor H
Ratio i t lT
Horizontal l ti
Translation = 0 842
0.842

7.3.3 Rocking Magnification Factor

1 1
Mψ = 2 2 2
=
2 2
(1 - rψ ) + (2·Dψ·rψ) (1 - 1.24 ) + (2 x 0.261 x 1.24 )2

= 1.182 < 1.5 ----------------------- ∴ O.K


Where,
rψ : ω / fnψ = = 1.24
ω : Operating Speed = 2960 rpm
fnψ : Rocking Natural Frequency = 2382.986 rpm
Dψ : Total Damping Ratio for Rocking Translation = 0.261

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7.4 Amplitude Check

7.4.1 Vertical Displacement

Fcv 2.68
Yv = Mv x ( ) = 0.171 x ( ) = 0.0000003 m
Kv 1,345,689.478

Where,
Kv : Spring Constant for Vertical Translation = 1,345,689.478 kN/m
Mv : Vertical Magnification Factor = 0.171
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN

7.4.2 Horizontal Displacement

Fcv 2.68
Yh = Mh x ( ) = 0.168 x ( ) = 0.0000004 m
Kh 1,198,560.128

Where,
Kh : Spring Constant for Horizontal Translation = 1,198,560.128 kN/m
Mh : Horizontal Magnification Factor = 0.168
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN

7.4.3 Rocking Displacement

Fcv 2.68
Yψ = Mψ x ( ) = 1.182 x ( ) = 0.00000083 rad
Kψ 3,815,682.795

Where,
Kψ : Spring Constant for Rocking Translation = 3,815,682.795 kN/m/rad
Mψ : Rocking Magnification Factor = 1.182
Fcv : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN

7.4.4 Total Displacement

Zz = Yz + Yψ x Rh/2
= 0.0000003 + 0.00000083 x 2.80 / 2 = 0.00000150440 m = 0.0000592 in

Zh = Yh + Yψ x Rz
= 0.0000004 + 0.00000083 x 0.95 = 0.00000116540 m = 0.0000459 in

Where,
Rh : Footing Width = 2.80 m
Rz : Center of Gravity for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir.) = 0.95 m

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※ Vibration Performance of Rotating Machines

A : No Faults. Typical New Equipment.

B : Minor Faults. Correction Wastes Dollars.

C : Faulty. Correct Within 10 Days


To Save Maintenance Dollars.

D : Failure Is Near. Correct Within Two Days


To Avoid Breakdown.

E : Dangerous. Shut It Down Now To Avoid Dangerous.

Operating
Max. Amplitude Result
Speed

Zz =0.00005923in 2960 CPM Zone A

7.4.5 Maximum Velocity (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 3-Page.54~55)
V l it = 2 x π x F(CPS) x Maximum
- Velocity M i A lit d
Amplitude
= 2 x π x 49.33 x 0.0000592
= 0.0184 in/sec -------------------- ∴ Smooth

[ General Machinery-Vibration-Severity Data ]


Horizonta peak velocity (in/sec) Machine operation
< 0.005 Extremely smooth Where,
0.005 - 0.010 Very smooth - CPM : Cycle per minute, RPM
0.010 - 0.020 Smooth - CPS : Cycle per Second, Hz
0.020 - 0.040 Very good = 2960 / 60
0.040 - 0.080 Good = 49.333 CPS

0.080 - 0.160 Fair


0.160 - 0.315 Slightly rough
0.315 - 0.630 Rough
> 0.630 Very rough

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7.5 Transmissibility Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 1-Page.13)
7.5.1 Vertical Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dv × rv )
Trv =
( 1 - rv 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dv × rv ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.996 × 2.20 )
= = 0.771
( 1 - 2.20 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × 0.996 × 2.20 ) 2

Where,
Dv : Total Vertical Damping Ratio = 0.996
rv : ω / fnv = 2960 / 1343.084 = 2.20

7.5.2 Horizontal Transmissibility Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dh × rh )
Trh =
( 1 - rh 2 ) 2
+ ( 2 × Dh × rh ) 2

2
1 + ( 2 × 0.842 × 2.34 )
= 2 2 2
= 0.683
( 1 - 2.34 ) + ( 2 × 0.842 × 2.34 )

Where,
Dh : Total Horizontal Damping Ratio = 0.842
rh : ω / fnh = 2960 / 1267.537 = 2.34

7 5 3 Rocking
7.5.3 R ki T i ibilit F
Transmissibility t
Factor

2
1 + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
Trψ = 2 2 2
( 1 - rψ ) + ( 2 × Dψ × rψ )
2
1 + ( 2 × 0.261 × 1.24 )
= 2 2 2
= 1.409
( 1 - 1.24 ) + ( 2 × 0.261 × 1.24 )
Where,
Dψ : Total Rocking Damping Ratio = 0.261
rψ : ω / fnψ = 2960 / 2382.986 = 1.24

7.5.4 Transmitted Force (Design of Structures and Foundation for


Vibrating Machines, Chapter 6-Page.101,Table 6-3)
Pv = Trv x Fv = 0.771 x 2.683 = 2.068 kN

Ph = Trh x Fh = 0.683 x 2.683 = 1.833 kN

Pψ = Trψ x Fψ = 1.409 x 2.547 = 3.587 kN-m


Where,
Fv,Fh : Centrifugal Force = 2.683 kN
Fψ : Centrifugal Force x C.G for Machine & Foundation (Z-Dir) = 2.683 x 0.949
= 2.547 kN-m

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7.6 Soil Bearing Check

7.6.1 Static Condition

- Foundation Weight = 588.000 kN


- Machine Static Load (including 50% vertical impact) = 117.997 kN
- Pv (Transmitted Force) = 2.068 kN

7.6.2 Moment

- Pψ (Transmitted Force) = 3.587 kN-m


- Horizontal Impact (25% of Machine Weight) = 47.926 kN-m

7.6.3 Soil Bearing Pressure

W Pv Mx
qsz = ± ±
A A Zx
705.997 2.068 51.514
= ± ±
15.680 15.680 7.317

Max. = 52.20 kN/m2 < 115 x 0.5 = 57.50 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Min. = 37.85 kN/m2 < 115 x 0.5 = 57.50 kN/m2 --------------- ∴ O.K

Th Maximum
※ The M i St i Plus
Staic Pl Dynamic
D i Soil
S il Bearing
B i Pressure
P Sh ll be
Shall b Limited
Li it d tto 50%
of The Net allowable Value.

Where,
A : Base Area : 15.680 m
2
Zx : Modulus of Section = c x a / 6 : 7.317 m2
Mx : Transmitted Force (Rocking Mode) : 51.514 kN-m
Pv : Transmitted Force (Vertical Mode) : 2.068 kN
W : Foundation& Maichine Weight : 705.997 kN

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8. REBAR DESIGN

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

c = D12 @ 200
d = D16 @ 300 (MAX)
For Each Dir. (X,Y,Z)

a = D20 @ 200 b = D20 @ 200

Minimun Reinforcement (Req'd As) = 30 kg/m3

Rebar Dia. Req'd Ws USE Ws


Item No. 3
Result
a b c d (kg/m ) (kg/m3)
046-P-203A/B D20 D20 D12 D16 30 36.762 OK!!

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9. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS SUMMARY

- Machine Summary -
Machine Centrifugal Total Operating Centrifugal
78.66 kN 2960 RPM 2.683 kN
Type: Machine Weight: Frequency: Force:

Operation Force Operation Force Operation Force


2.683 kN 2.683 kN 2.547 kN
(Vertical): (Horizontal): (Rocking):

- Soil Summary -

Soil Shear Poisson's Internal Damping


19 kN/m³ Modulus 69000 kN/m² 0.492 0.05
Weight: Ratio: Ratio:

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Spring Constant 1345689.478 kN/m 1198560.128 kN/m 3815682.795 kN/m

- Foundation Summary -

FDN Block Total Base Mass Moment of


588 kN 15.7 m² 61.273 kN.m.sec²
Type: Type Weight: Area: Inertia for X-Dir (Rocking)

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Natural Frequency 1343.084 RPM 1267.537 RPM 2382.986 RPM

- Dynamic Analysis Summary -

Vertical Horizontal Rocking Remark

Total Damping Ratio 0.996 0.842 0.261

Resonance Check ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible ∴ Resonance not Possible

Magnification Factor 0.17 < 1.5 0.17 < 1.5 1.18 < 1.5

Amplitude Check 0.0000003m 0.0000004m 0.00000083rad

Total Displacement Check Zone A: No Faults.

Maximum Velocity 0.0184 in/sec ∴ Smooth 0.466 mm/sec < 2.3 mm/sec∴ O.K

Transmissibility 0.771 0.683 1.409

Transmitted Force 2.068kN 1.833kN 3.587kN

Soil Bearing Check Max./Min. = 52.2kN/m² / 37.85kN/m² ---------∴ O.K

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Attachment #11 TESTING REPORT FOR DETERMINATION OF DEFORMATION


MODULE BY PLATE LOADING (TESTING OF SITE SOIL BEARING PRESURE)

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