OMNI SAN DIEGO

HOTEL
BY
HAMEEDA
21091AA014
SEM 6 SEC A
◦ The Omni San Diego Hotel is a four-diamond high-rise luxury hotel and
condominium tower in San Diego, California. It is owned and operated by
Omni Hotels & Resorts.
◦ The hotel has over 20,000 square feet (1,900 m2) of meeting space in
addition to a 9,750-square-foot (906 m2) ballroom.[3] There is also a sixth-
floor outdoor terrace with a heated pool and jacuzzi, a McCormick &
Schmick's seafood restaurant, and a full-service business center
◦ Address:675 L Street San Diego, California 92101,United States
◦ Cost:$124 million
◦ Owner: Omni Hotels & Resorts
◦ Height :385 feet (117 m)
◦ Floor count:32
◦ Floor area:600,728 sq ft (55,809.5 m2)
◦ Structural engineer:Magnusson Klemencic Associates
 TYPE OF CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

◦ The Omni San Diego Hotel curtain

wall in California, designed by
architectural firm Hornberger and
Worstel and developed by JMI
Realty, is an example of a unitized
curtain-wall system with
integrated sunshades.
 UNITIZED CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM

◦ The unitized curtain-wall system is a type of building facade system that consists of large panels,
typically one story tall and one window wide, that are assembled and glazed in the factory and
then transported to the construction site. These panels are then installed on the building structure,
usually in a sequential manner, from the bottom to the top of the building.
◦ Components:
◦ Glass Panels: The main visible component, providing transparency and aesthetics.
◦ Mullions and Transoms: Vertical and horizontal framing members that hold the glass panels in
place.
◦ Gaskets and Sealants: Used to create watertight and airtight seals between the glass panels and
the frame.
◦ Thermal Insulation: Incorporated to improve the energy efficiency of the building.
◦ Anchor Points: Metal brackets or anchors that attach the panels to the building structure.
◦ Advantages:
◦ Speed of Installation: Since the panels are pre-
assembled, the on-site installation is much faster
compared to stick-built systems.
◦ Quality Control: Manufacturing in a controlled
environment ensures higher quality and precision.
◦ Weather Protection: Pre-glazing in the factory reduces
the risk of on-site exposure to weather conditions,
ensuring better performance.
◦ Aesthetic Flexibility: Can accommodate a wide range
of architectural designs and materials.
◦ Installation Process: Manufacturing: Panels are pre-
assembled, glazed, and sealed in the factory.
◦ Transportation: Completed panels are transported to
the construction site.
◦ Anchoring: Panels are lifted and anchored to the
building structure, typically using a crane.
◦ Sealing: Joints between panels are sealed on-site to
ensure waterproofing and thermal performance.
 EXAMPLE OF UNITIZED CURTAIN WALL
◦ Pacific Life Insurance building
◦ This building has a unitized curtain wall system that allows for better movement between
the skin and structure, making it a good choice for seismic zones.
◦ Design and Features:
◦ Pre-Fabricated Panels: The unitized curtain wall system consists of large, pre-fabricated
panels that are assembled and glazed in a factory setting before being transported to
the construction site.
◦ Efficient Installation: The use of unitized panels allows for quick and efficient installation,
reducing on-site labor and construction time. The panels are typically installed from the
bottom up, using cranes to position them precisely.
◦ High-Quality Control: Factory assembly ensures high-quality control, leading to better
alignment, sealing, and overall performance of the facade.
◦ Aesthetic Flexibility: The system can accommodate various design elements, including
different types of glass, metals, and finishes, providing a sleek and modern look to the
building.
◦ Energy Efficiency: The curtain wall system is designed to enhance energy efficiency by
incorporating thermal insulation and high-performance glazing, reducing heating and
cooling costs.
◦ Weather Resistance: The system offers superior weather resistance, with sealed joints and
high-quality materials protecting the building from water infiltration and air leakage.
OMNI SAN DIEGO
◦ Structurally, the Omni San Diego Hotel is Structural Framework
designed to meet the demands of a Reinforced Concrete Core: A reinforced
high-rise building in an urban concrete core is often the backbone of high-
environment, particularly in an area rise buildings. It houses elevators, stairwells, and
prone to seismic activity. mechanical services, providing rigidity and
◦ Here's a detailed look at the structural lateral stability, especially against wind and
components and considerations: seismic forces.
Steel Frame Construction: The hotel likely utilizes
◦ Foundation
a steel frame structure, where steel beams and
◦ Deep Foundation System: The hotel likely columns create a skeleton that supports the
uses a deep foundation system, such as building's floors and roof. Steel is preferred for its
drilled piers or pile foundations, to
strength, flexibility, and speed of construction.
transfer the building's load to stable soil
or bedrock. This is crucial for ensuring Composite Floor Systems: Floors might be
stability and preventing settlement. constructed using composite systems,
combining steel beams with concrete slabs.
◦ Mat Foundation: A thick, reinforced
concrete mat foundation might be used This method enhances load-bearing capacity
to distribute the building's weight evenly and reduces the weight of the structure.
across a larger area, providing
additional stability.
 JOINERY DETAILS
◦ Joinery details in a high-rise hotel like the Omni San Diego Hotel are crucial for both aesthetic appeal and
structural integrity.
◦ Structural Joinery
◦ Steel Connections:
◦ Beam-to-Column Connections: These connections are typically achieved using welded or bolted joints. Welded joints provide a seamless
and strong connection, while bolted joints allow for some flexibility and ease of assembly.
◦ Column Splices: In high-rise buildings, columns are often constructed in segments and spliced together using bolted flange plates or welded
joints, ensuring vertical continuity and strength.
◦ Concrete Connections:
◦ Reinforcement Splicing: Rebars (reinforcement bars) in concrete elements are spliced together using mechanical couplers or lap splicing to
ensure the structural continuity of concrete components like columns, beams, and slabs.
◦ Expansion Joints: These joints are included in the concrete structure to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction, preventing
cracks and structural damage.
◦ Architectural Joinery
◦ Curtain Wall Systems: Mullion and Transom Joints: The vertical (mullions) and horizontal (transoms) members of the curtain wall are joined
using mechanical fasteners or welded connections. These joints need to be precise to ensure the integrity and aesthetics of the façade.
◦ Glazing Joints: Glass panels in the curtain wall are fitted into frames using gaskets, sealants, or structural silicone. This ensures airtight and
watertight connections while allowing for thermal movement.
◦ Interior Partitions: Drywall to Metal Studs: Drywall panels are attached to metal studs using screws. The joints between panels are taped and
finished with joint compound to create a smooth surface.
◦ Acoustic Seals: In areas requiring soundproofing, acoustic seals and barriers are included in the joinery to prevent sound transmission
between rooms.
◦ Finishing Joinery
◦ Flooring:
◦ Expansion Joints: For materials like wood or laminate, expansion joints are necessary to allow for the
natural movement of the material. These joints are often covered with trim or molding.Tile Joints: Tiles
are laid with grout joints, which are filled with grout to secure the tiles and create a uniform surface.
◦ Ceiling: Suspended Ceiling Systems: Ceiling tiles are fitted into a grid of T-bars. The joints between the
grid members are connected with clips or screws, ensuring a secure and level ceiling.
◦ Cove Lighting: Joinery details around cove lighting include precise mitered cuts of the trim or moldings
to ensure seamless integration with the ceiling and walls.
◦ Woodwork and Cabinetry
◦ Cabinet Joints:
◦ Dovetail Joints: Commonly used in drawer construction for their strength and durability.Mortise and
Tenon Joints: Used in door frames and other structural wood components for their ability to withstand
heavy loads.
◦ Trim and Molding:
◦ Miter Joints: Used at corners where two pieces of trim meet at an angle. The ends of the trim are cut
at 45 degrees and joined to form a clean corner.
◦ Coping Joints: One piece of trim is shaped to fit the contour of the adjacent piece, providing a tight
and precise fit, commonly used in crown molding.
 INSTALLATION DETAILS
◦ Structural Components
◦ Steel Frame:
◦ Erection of Steel Columns and Beams:
◦ Preparation: Verify the alignment and placement of anchor bolts in the foundation.
◦ Lifting and Positioning: Use cranes to lift steel columns and beams into place.
◦ Temporary Bracing: Install temporary bracing to stabilize the structure during erection.
◦ Bolting/Welding: Connect beams to columns using high-strength bolts or welds. Ensure connections are made according to design specifications.
◦ Alignment: Check and adjust the alignment of the steel framework using plumb bobs, levels, and lasers.
◦ Concrete Work
◦ Formwork Installation: Design and Assembly: Assemble formwork according to the design, ensuring it is strong enough to hold the weight of the concrete.
◦ Reinforcement Placement: Place and secure rebar within the formwork as per structural drawings.
◦ Inspection: Inspect the formwork and reinforcement before pouring concrete.
◦ Concrete Pouring and Curing:
◦ Pouring: Pour concrete into the formwork in layers, using vibrators to eliminate air pockets.
◦ Finishing: Smooth the concrete surface and apply any required finishes.
◦ Curing: Maintain moisture in the concrete for the required curing period to achieve the desired strength.
◦ Curtain Wall System
◦ Frame Installation
◦ Mullions and Transoms:
◦ Anchoring: Secure vertical mullions to the building structure using brackets and anchors
◦ Alignment: Ensure mullions are plumb and properly aligned.
◦ Transoms: Attach horizontal transoms between mullions, ensuring a secure connection.
◦ Sealing and Insulation:
◦ Sealant Application: Apply sealant at joints between mullions and transoms to prevent air and water
infiltration
◦ Insulation: Install insulation within the curtain wall system to enhance thermal performance.
◦ Glazing Installation
◦ Glass Panels:: Clean and inspect glass panels before installation.
◦ Setting Blocks: Place setting blocks on transoms to support glass panels.
◦ Placement: Carefully place glass panels into the curtain wall frame
◦ Securing: Use pressure plates and caps to secure glass panels in place.
◦ Sealant Application: Apply sealant around the perimeter of each glass panel to ensure a watertight
seal.
◦ Interior Finishes
◦ Drywall Installation
◦ Framing:
◦ Metal Studs: Install metal studs at specified intervals, ensuring they are plumb and level.
◦ Door and Window Frames: Integrate door and window frames into the stud framing.
◦ Drywall Panels:
◦ Cutting and Fitting: Cut drywall panels to fit around openings and fixtures.
◦ Screwing: Secure panels to studs using drywall screws.
◦ Joint Treatment: Apply joint tape and compound to seams and screw heads, sand smooth after drying.
◦ Flooring Installation
◦ Subfloor Preparation:
◦ Cleaning and Leveling: Clean the subfloor and ensure it is level and free of debris.
◦ Underlayment: Install underlayment as needed for the specific flooring type.
◦ Ceiling Installation:
◦ Suspended Ceilings: Grid systems for suspended ceilings are installed, and ceiling tiles are placed into the grid.
◦ Drywall Ceilings: Drywall sheets are attached to ceiling joists or framing, and joints are finished with joint compound.
◦ Finishing Touches
◦ Painting and Wall Coverings:
◦ Surface Preparation: Walls and ceilings are primed and sanded to create a smooth surface.
◦ Applying Finishes: Paint or wall coverings are applied to achieve the desired aesthetic.
◦ Millwork and Trim:
◦ Installation of Trim and Molding: Baseboards, crown molding, and other trim pieces are installed at the joints between
walls, floors, and ceilings.
◦ Cabinetry and Built-ins: Custom cabinetry and built-in furniture are installed in rooms and common areas.