COLLEGE VISION MISSION

VISION:

To be an institute of excellence in technical education and research to serve the needs of the
industry and society at local and global levels.

MISSION:

To provide a high-quality educational experience for students with values and ethics that
enables them to become leaders in their chosen professions.

To explore, create and develop innovations in engineering and science through research and
development activities.

To provide beneficial service to the national and multinational industries and communities
through educational, technical and professional activities.

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 DEPARTMENT VISION MISSION

VISION

To be a premier department in Electronics and Communication Engineering field by

providing quality education through teaching, learning, research and innovations to serve the
industry and society.

MISSION

Develop an environment for better teaching and learning in collaboration with industry,
premier institutes and alumni.

Produce competent engineers to meet the requirements of the industry and the society.

Encourage students to pursue higher education, research work and to take up administrative
responsibilities through leadership.

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 ABSTRACT:

Humidity and temperature monitoring are critical in various domains to ensure optimal
conditions for human comfort, process efficiency, and equipment performance. This abstract
explores the importance of monitoring these environmental parameters and discusses the
methods and devices used for accurate measurement. It highlights the significance of
maintaining balanced humidity levels and appropriate temperatures in different settings,
including residential, commercial, and industrial environments. Effective monitoring not only
enhances comfort and health but also supports energy efficiency and process control, making
it indispensable in modern environmental management practices.

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 INTRODUCTION

Humidity and temperature monitoring are essential aspects of environmental control and
management in various settings, from homes to industrial facilities. Here’s a brief
introduction to each:

Temperature Monitoring:

Temperature monitoring involves measuring the degree of heat or cold in an environment. It

is crucial because temperature affects human comfort, equipment performance, and even
chemical reactions in some industries. Monitoring temperature helps ensure optimal
conditions for processes, products, and living organisms.

Humidity Monitoring:

Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor present in the air. Humidity monitoring is vital
as it influences comfort levels, indoor air quality, and the growth of mold and bacteria. In
industrial applications, humidity control is critical for manufacturing processes where precise
environmental conditions are required.

Importance of Monitoring:

Monitoring these parameters helps in:

 Comfort and Health: Ensuring human comfort and health by maintaining appropriate
conditions.
 Process Control: Optimizing industrial processes that are sensitive to temperature and
humidity changes.
 Energy Efficiency: Improving energy efficiency by adjusting heating, ventilation, and
air conditioning (HVAC) systems based on real-time data.
 Preventive Maintenance: Preventing damage to equipment and infrastructure caused
by excessive humidity or temperature extremes.

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Monitoring Devices:

Various devices are used for temperature and humidity monitoring, ranging from simple
analog instruments to sophisticated digital sensors connected to computer systems for
continuous monitoring and data logging.

In conclusion, humidity and temperature monitoring are fundamental for maintaining

comfortable and safe environments while optimizing processes across various sectors.

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 OBJECTIVES:

1. Maintaining Comfort: Ensure optimal conditions for human comfort and well-being in
indoor environments such as homes, offices, and public spaces by controlling temperature
and humidity levels.
2. Process Optimization: Optimize industrial processes that are sensitive to temperature
and humidity variations. This includes manufacturing, storage, and transportation of
goods where specific environmental conditions are crucial for product quality and safety.
3. Energy Efficiency: Enhance energy efficiency by regulating heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning (HVAC) systems based on real-time data. This helps in reducing energy
consumption while maintaining comfortable or required environmental conditions.
4. Equipment Performance: Protect sensitive equipment and machinery from damage
caused by extreme temperature or humidity conditions. Monitoring ensures that
operational parameters remain within safe limits, thereby extending the lifespan and
reliability of equipment.
5. Health and Safety: Maintain indoor air quality by controlling humidity levels to prevent
mold growth and ensure a healthy environment. Proper temperature management also
contributes to occupant health and safety in various settings.
6. Compliance and Regulation: Meet regulatory requirements and standards related to
environmental conditions in specific industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing,
and healthcare where strict guidelines govern temperature and humidity control.
7. Data Logging and Analysis: Facilitate data logging and analysis to track trends over
time, identify anomalies, and make informed decisions for continuous improvement in
environmental management practices.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

1. Maintaining Comfort: Ensure optimal conditions for human comfort and well-being in
indoor environments such as homes, offices, and public spaces by controlling temperature
and humidity levels.
2. Process Optimization: Optimize industrial processes that are sensitive to temperature
and humidity variations. This includes manufacturing, storage, and transportation of
goods where specific environmental conditions are crucial for product quality and safety.
3. Energy Efficiency: Enhance energy efficiency by regulating heating, ventilation, and air
conditioning (HVAC) systems based on real-time data. This helps in reducing energy
consumption while maintaining comfortable or required environmental conditions.
4. Equipment Performance: Protect sensitive equipment and machinery from damage
caused by extreme temperature or humidity conditions. Monitoring ensures that

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 operational parameters remain within safe limits, thereby extending the lifespan and
reliability of equipment.
5. Health and Safety: Maintain indoor air quality by controlling humidity levels to prevent
mold growth and ensure a healthy environment. Proper temperature management also
contributes to occupant health and safety in various settings.
6. Compliance and Regulation: Meet regulatory requirements and standards related to
environmental conditions in specific industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing,
and healthcare where strict guidelines govern temperature and humidity control.
7. Data Logging and Analysis: Facilitate data logging and analysis to track trends over
time, identify anomalies, and make informed decisions for continuous improvement in
environmental management practices.

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ARDUINO UNO:

The Arduino Uno is a popular microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P

microcontroller. Here’s an overview of its key features and components:

1. Microcontroller: The heart of Arduino Uno is the ATmega328P microcontroller from

Atmel (now owned by Microchip). It operates at 5V and has 32KB of flash memory for
storing your programs, 2KB of SRAM for variables, and 1KB of EEPROM for data
storage.
2. Clock Speed: The ATmega328P operates at 16 MHz, providing enough processing
power for a wide range of applications.
3. Digital I/O Pins: There are 14 digital input/output pins on the Arduino Uno. These pins
can be configured as either inputs or outputs, allowing you to connect switches, LEDs,
sensors, and other digital devices.
4. Analog Inputs: Arduino Uno has 6 analog input pins labeled A0 through A5. These pins
can read analog voltage levels from sensors or other analog devices.
5. PWM Outputs: Out of the 14 digital pins, 6 can produce PWM (Pulse Width
Modulation) signals, which are useful for controlling analog devices such as dimming
LEDs or controlling motor speed.

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6. USB Interface: Arduino Uno can be connected to a computer via a USB cable. This
allows you to upload sketches (programs) to the board and also provides power to the
board.
7. Power Jack: Arduino Uno can be powered using an external power supply connected
through the DC power jack (7-12V DC) or directly through the Vin pin.
8. Reset Button: A reset button allows you to restart your program or reinitialize the board.
9. Operating Voltage: Arduino Uno operates at 5V, which is important to consider when
interfacing with sensors or other devices that might operate at different voltage levels.
10. Compatibility: Arduino Uno is widely supported and has a large community of users and
resources online. This makes it easier to find tutorials, libraries, and examples for your
projects.

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OLED DISPLAY:

OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) is a display technology that offers several advantages
over traditional LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screens:

1. Structure: OLEDs are made of organic materials that emit light when electricity is
applied. Each pixel in an OLED display is composed of these organic materials which
light up individually, allowing for precise control over each pixel's brightness and color.
2. Image Quality: OLED displays typically offer better image quality compared to LCDs.
They have higher contrast ratios because OLED pixels can completely turn off to produce
true blacks, whereas LCDs rely on a backlight that can't fully block light, leading to less
deep blacks.
3. Energy Efficiency: OLEDs are more energy-efficient than LCDs. This is because OLED
pixels emit their own light, so when displaying dark scenes or black backgrounds, they
consume less power since pixels are turned off.
4. Flexibility: OLED technology allows for flexible displays to be created. This means
OLED screens can be made thinner and lighter compared to LCDs, and they can also be
curved or even folded, enabling innovative designs for devices like smartphones and TVs.

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5. Response Time: OLED displays generally have faster response times than LCDs, which
can result in smoother motion and reduced motion blur, making them ideal for gaming
and watching fast-paced content.
6. Durability: OLED displays can be more susceptible to burn-in (image retention)
compared to LCDs, although newer technologies and screen management techniques
have mitigated this issue significantly.

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DTH 11 SENSOR (TEMPERATURE SENSOR):

A DTH sensor typically refers to a sensor module that combines measurements of

temperature (T), relative humidity (H), and sometimes also includes atmospheric pressure
(P). Here's a brief explanation of each component:

1. Temperature (T): This measures the degree of hotness or coldness of an object or

environment. In DTH sensors, temperature is often measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or
Fahrenheit (°F).
2. Relative Humidity (H): This measures the amount of moisture in the air relative to the
maximum amount the air can hold at that temperature. It is usually expressed as a
percentage (%).
3. Atmospheric Pressure (P): Some DTH sensors also include a barometric pressure sensor
that measures the atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric pressure indicates the weight of the
air above a particular location and is typically measured in hectopascals (hPa) or millibars
(mbar).

DTH sensors are commonly used in various applications such as weather stations, HVAC
systems, indoor environmental monitoring, and industrial processes where monitoring these
environmental parameters is crucial. They provide real-time data that helps in decision-
making, maintaining optimal conditions, and ensuring safety in various environments.

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BREAD BOARD AND USB CABLE:

BREAD BOARD:

A breadboard is a fundamental tool used in electronics prototyping. It consists of a grid of

holes into which electronic components and wires can be inserted to create temporary circuits
without soldering. The holes are typically connected in rows and columns, allowing
components to be easily interconnected to test circuit designs quickly and efficiently.
Breadboards are reusable, making them ideal for experimenting with and iterating on
electronic circuits before finalizing a design for soldering onto a printed circuit board (PCB).

USB CABLE:

The Arduino Uno uses a standard USB Type-B cable for connecting to a computer or a power
source. This cable has a Type-A connector on one end (usually the end that plugs into your
computer or USB power adapter) and a Type-B connector on the other end, which plugs into
the Arduino Uno board.

Here's a breakdown of the connectors:

 USB Type-A: This is the rectangular connector that typically plugs into your computer or
a USB power adapter.
 USB Type-B: This is a square-ish connector that plugs into the Arduino Uno board. It's
designed to fit into the port on the Arduino Uno.

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When you connect the Arduino Uno to your computer using this cable, it allows the Arduino
to communicate with the computer. This connection is essential for uploading code (called
sketches) from your computer to the Arduino Uno, as well as for powering the board if your
computer provides sufficient power over USB.

Make sure to use a proper USB Type-B cable that is compatible with your Arduino Uno to
ensure reliable communication and power supply.

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PIN TO PIN CONNECTION DIAGRAM:

PRACTICAL OBSERVING HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE:

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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES:

ADVANTAGES:

Over the years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has grown rapidly. What’s the reason? The
inclination towards maintaining the productivity of the equipment, manpower, and building
operations. Whether it’s about managing utilities or staying compliant with health and safety
regulations, users want to keep track of everything. It’s possible with remote monitoring IoT
systems. This cost-effective, smart, and advanced technology helps end-users streamline their
operations.

Why is there a need for IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring?

Temperature and humidity monitoring is becoming crucial for industries. That’s where IoT-
based temperature monitoring plays a significant part in defining the quality of the products.
It allows for real-time data collection, helping facilities evaluate equipment performance,
ensure consistent product quality, protect inventory, identify staff training gaps, and more!

The best thing about IoT-based temperature and humidity monitoring systems is they can be
accessed anytime, anywhere through the Internet. There is no need to rely on redundant and
traditional monitoring systems that offer no real-time insights into the temperature, pressure,
flow rate, capacity, acceleration, and other facets of the applications. Facility managers can
easily monitor the room temperature from literally anywhere! For automotive, air
conditioning, and power plants, this powerful technology proves to be highly valuable.
Viewing the current temperature at a low cost becomes easy with IoT.

Know the top 5 benefits of IoT Based humidity and temperature

monitoring system:

The demand for smart IoT technology is real! Facility managers want to optimize building
operations cost-effectively. When it comes to temperature and humidity monitoring, the need
for IoT implementation is even more. Here’s know the top benefits of it:

1. Helps in evaluating equipment performance:

Maintaining the quality and efficiency of the equipment is necessary for facilities. Especially
for manufacturing companies, this aspect is highly crucial. Unexpected equipment breakdown
and unwanted downtime can negatively impact the operational process and costly repairs.

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That’s the reason why management needs to evaluate the units depending on the frequency
and duration of temperature excursions from time to time.

How to detect the equipment discrepancies and ensure the optimal temperature? With IoT-
based remote temperature monitoring. It can identify the high temperature in certain assets
and immediately alert the personnel to take responsive actions. This powerful technology
collects data 24/7 and offers real-time insights into the equipment performance that allow
users to reduce its wear and tear and unexpected downtime.

2. Ensure food and safety compliance in the food industry:

Maintaining quality standards matters the most to the food industry. The food quality will
deteriorate if proper temperature and humidity levels are not maintained. IoT-based
technology offers food and retail industry real-time humidity notifications that allow them to
make informed decisions to maintain the quality and safety standards of the food items.

With remote temperature and humidity monitoring, the food and retail industry can monitor
the temperature of any freezer, refrigerator, or food heating equipment. Now, they can stay
compliant with regulatory compliances and deliver quality food products to their consumers.

3. Quick accessibility from remote locations:

Lack of accessibility to building operations and ensuring temperature levels is where users
face setbacks. What if they are able to remotely monitor every detail of the building? Sounds
great, right?! It’s possible with remote monitoring IoT systems! This potent technology tracks
and monitors the temperature of the assets and different parts of the building from distant
locations.

There is no need to visit the store to check temperature levels. The IoT sensors and systems
installed in a building will do the work.

4. Smooth inventory management hassle-free:

Not all products can be kept in any condition. Store managers have to maintain the desired
temperature and humidity level to keep the freshness and quality of certain products intact.
Ensuring this aspect becomes challenging when refrigerators and HVAC systems fail to
perform. In these cases, IoT-based remote temperature and humidity monitoring technology
comes to use.

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This powerful technology allows store managers to keep track of inventory and monitor the
temperature with much ease. If they don’t find the appropriate temperature in a warehouse,
they can make the required changes in humidity levels right at the moment. What’s the
result? Reduced inspection costs and ensured the quality of products.

5. Improved work productivity with limited investment:

Temperature sensors installed in a building generate a valuable amount of data and actionable
insights. It allows facility managers to maintain optimum temperature for improved
occupants’ comfort and better quality of the products without putting in much effort. All of
these efforts lead to increased work productivity with limited investment

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DISADVANTAGES:

1. Cost: Implementing a robust monitoring system can be expensive, especially for large-
scale operations or environments requiring high precision and reliability.
2. Complexity: Maintaining and calibrating monitoring equipment can be complex,
requiring technical expertise and regular upkeep to ensure accurate readings.
3. Data Interpretation: Raw data from sensors may require sophisticated analysis to derive
meaningful insights, which can be challenging without proper data analytics tools or
expertise.
4. Sensor Limitations: Sensors may have limitations in accuracy, especially in extreme
conditions or over extended periods, leading to potential inaccuracies in readings.
5. Dependency on Power and Connectivity: Many monitoring systems require continuous
power and stable connectivity, which can be a disadvantage in remote or unstable
environments.
6. Security Concerns: Data from monitoring systems, especially if connected to networks,
may be vulnerable to security breaches or unauthorized access if not properly secured.
7. Maintenance Overhead: Regular maintenance, including sensor calibration, data
validation, and system checks, adds to operational overhead and may require dedicated
personnel or resources.
8. Integration Challenges: Integrating monitoring systems with existing infrastructure or
data management systems can pose challenges, especially if compatibility issues arise.
9. False Alarms: Inaccurate readings or sensor malfunctions can lead to false alarms,
potentially disrupting operations or causing unnecessary maintenance efforts.
10. Environmental Impact: Manufacturing and disposing of monitoring equipment can
have environmental implications, particularly if not done responsibly.

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APPLICATIONS:

1. Healthcare Settings: Monitoring temperature and humidity in hospitals, clinics, and

pharmaceutical storage areas ensures that medications, vaccines, and medical supplies are
stored under appropriate conditions to maintain efficacy and safety.
2. Food and Beverage Industry: Maintaining specific temperature and humidity levels in
food processing, storage facilities, and transportation helps prevent spoilage, maintain
product quality, and ensure compliance with food safety regulations.
3. HVAC Systems: Monitoring indoor temperature and humidity levels in residential,
commercial, and industrial buildings allows HVAC systems to operate efficiently and
maintain comfortable indoor environments for occupants.
4. Data Centers: Temperature and humidity control is critical in data centers to prevent
overheating of equipment, which can lead to hardware failures and data loss.
5. Pharmaceutical Industry: Temperature and humidity monitoring in pharmaceutical
manufacturing facilities and storage areas ensures the quality and stability of drugs and
vaccines, which are sensitive to environmental conditions.

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