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    CHARIEMAE CA AZARES - 4.6. Care of Clients With Maldaptive Patterns of Behavior - Substance Use

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    CHARIEMAE CA AZARES - 4.6. Care of Clients With Maldaptive Patterns of Behavior - Substance Use

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    Chariemae Cañazares
    4 views13 pages

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    CHARIEMAE CA�AZARES - 4.6. Care of Clients with Maldaptive patterns of behavior_Substance use

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    4 views13 pages

    CHARIEMAE CA AZARES - 4.6. Care of Clients With Maldaptive Patterns of Behavior - Substance Use

    Uploaded by

    Chariemae Cañazares

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 13

    Disorders related to

    Substance Abuse
    NCM 115 Care of Clients with Maladaptive Patterns of Behavior
    Substance – related disorders
    Categories
    • Substance use disorders
    • addiction
    • Substance-induced disorders (presented with the specific disorder)
    • Intoxication • depressive disorder
    • withdrawal • obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD]
    • delirium • Anxiety disorder
    • neurocognitive disorder [NCD] • sexual dysfunction
    • Psychosis • sleep disorders
    • bipolar disorder
    Substance use disorder
    • Substance Addiction
    • A compulsive or chronic requirement.
    • The need is so strong (intense craving) as to generate distress (either
    physical or psychological) if left unfulfilled.
    • Individual attempts to cut down or control use of the substance, but
    attempts fail, and use of the substance continues to increase
    • Disorder: use of the substance interferes with their ability to fulfill role
    obligations, such as at work, school, or home
    Substance use disorder
    Physical dependence
    • Need for increasing amounts of the drug to produce desired effect
    • Syndrome of withdrawal upon cessation of the drug

    Psychological dependence
    • Individual feels that substance is needed to maintain an optimal state of
    well- being, interpersonal relationship or skill performance
    Substance use disorder
    Risk factors Risk factors
    Biological factors Psychological factors
    • Family theory: runs in families • Developmental influences: ego
    • Biochemical: alcohol produce impairment and disturbances in
    morphine – like substances in the sense of self
    brain leading to addiction • Personality factors: Impulsivity,
    negative self – concept, weak
    ego, social conformity issues,
    introversion
    Substance use disorder
    Risk factors Risk factors
    Sociocultural factors Mental Illness
    • Social learning: Modeling (parent • Anxiety
    – child); peer pressure
    • Conditioning: positive effect = • Depression
    positive reinforcement lead to • PTSD (drugs and alcohol)
    continued use • Schizophrenia
    • Culture and ethnic influences:
    susceptibility to substance abuse
    due to cultural acceptance
    Substance use disorder
    Signs
    • Keep taking the drug after it is no longer needed (dependence)
    • Increasing need for the drug/substance (tolerance)
    • Withdrawal: shaking, depression, stomach pain, sweating, headache
    • Unable to stop the use of the drug despite causing disruption in daily life
    and IPR
    • Spend a lot of time thinking about the drug: how to get more, when to
    take it, effect of the drug
    Substance use disorder
    Signs Signs
    • Loss of interest of usual activities; • Sleep too much or too little, compared
    more focused on use of the with usual sleeping pattern
    drug/substance • Bloodshot eyes, bad breath, shakes or
    • Engagement in dangerous activities tremors, frequent bloody noses,
    • Borrow or steal money to purchase gained or lost weight
    the drug/substance • New set of friends who do drugs and
    • Hide the drug use or its effect from go to different places to use the drugs
    others • Go to more than one doctor to get
    • Problems getting along with co- prescriptions for the same drug or
    workers, teachers, friends, or family problem
    members • Take prescribed meds with alcohol or
    other drugs
    Treatment for Addiction
    Psychological
    • Behavior therapy
    • Coping skills: stress; drug cravings
    • Strategies to prevent relapse and how to deal with relapse
    • Exploration of issues: job, legal problems, relationship with family and friends
    • Include family members in treatment plan: communication skills and support
    • Self help or Support groups
    • Decrease sense of shame and isolation that can lead to relapse
    • Insight: addiction as chronic disorder
    Treatment for Addiction
    Therapeutic nursing interventions
    • Conduct a comprehensive health history with physical assessment
    • Monitor vital signs during the withdrawal period
    • Protect client from injury
    • Assess for seizure and hallucinations
    • Assist with learning new coping skills
    • Educate about stress reduction techniques and alternative coping skills
    • Encourage to participate in support groups
    • Determine need for occupational or vocational therapy
    • Assess nutritional status and intervene as appropriate

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