Routine Tests

1.
Routine Tests:These tests are conducted during the manufacturing

process to ensure the transformer's basic functionality.Includes
measurement of winding resistance, turns ratio, and insulation
resistance.Results verify that the transformer meets design
specifications and is suitable for operation.
‫ يتم إجراء‬:‫ االختبارات الروتينية‬.1 .2
‫هذه االختبارات أثناء عملية التصنيع‬
‫للتأكد من األداء الوظيفي األساسي‬
‫ وتشمل قياس مقاومة اللف‬.‫للمحول‬
‫ وتتحقق‬.‫ونسبة الدوران ومقاومة العزل‬
‫النتائج من أن المحول يلبي مواصفات‬
‫التصميم ومناسب للتشغيل‬
WINDING-TEMPERATURE DEVICES
Hot-spot or thermal-image devices are provided to represent the hottest point within the transformer
while it is carrying load. Hot-spot temperature depends on I2 R losses in the transformer windings, the
rate at which heat transfers into the oil, and the rate at which the oil is cooled by ambient conditions
surrounding the oil. Temperatures indicated by a hot-spot thermometer, or a remote indicator
connected to a Resistive Temperature Device (RTD, or thermohm), are actually a product of transformer
top-oil temperature and the heat generated by oil-well heaters. Heater current comes from a special
bushing/low-iron CT of a single preselected ratio. The CTs sole purpose is to provide load-proportional
current for the hot-spot heaters. In short, hot-spot temperature indication is derived through a
measurement of a replicated (or model) temperature. The temperature is obtained this way because
insulation requirements and design constraints prevent measuring the actual temperature of the
windings directly. The replica temperature of the oil reservoir heats at the same rate as the oil
surrounding the hottest spot in the transformer. The current-driven heaters and their thermal
characteristics are designed by the manufacturer to follow heating characteristics derived from factory
test data
Pressure relief:- is necessary for all transformer main tanks and UL tap-changer tanks. Each
tank is completely separate and has its own relief. Pressure reliefs are usually outfitted with
mechanically operated lever arms and can be manually tripped and reset to verify proper alarm contact
operation. A screwdriver or other tool may be required for the operation and reset of these alarm
switches. Don't forget to reset after testing. A pressure-relief device initiates an alarm, but does not
initiate circuit breaker tripping to clear the transformer from the power system.
Transformer cover: This includes observing the cover itself and ensuring that it is free from
dents or any other mechanical damage, as well as the welding areas and possible leakage of the
connection, in addition to examining the other parts of the transformer based on the transformer cover,
such as the power outlets for the primary and secondary pressures, especially the integrity of the
insulation from cracking, scratching, or cracking, and connecting it. And its provisions.
Main tank: The examiner observes and records the condition of the fastening device, including the
nuts, and the integrity of the tank’s surface from buckling under the influence of external forces, as well
as the surface and radiation tubes. However, if the tank has been replaced under certain circumstances,
in this case, the measurements and dimensions must be verified, including the height, width, and
thickness of the tank, as well as the number of cooling pipes, their numbers, arrangement, and
diameters. Increased importance is given to ensuring that there are no cracks or holes, even if they are
small and simple, with the possibility of oil leakage. Including painting the tank and making it fit as a
complete unit.
Auxiliary tank: The examiner notes the location of the auxiliary tank and the distance
between it and the current-carrying parts, that the tank is free from external mechanical damage, that
there is no oil leakage in the connection and welding places, as well as the integrity of the oil indicator
and taps and the general shape of the tank.
The oil level indicator provides a visual indication of the oil level, allowing
operators to take appropriate action if the level is too low or too high.
The location of the oil level indicator in a transformer can vary depending on the design
and type of transformer. In some transformers, the oil level indicator is installed on the
top of the transformer tank, while in others, it may be located on the side or bottom of
the tank.
In general, the oil level indicator is installed at a height that allows for easy visibility and
access for maintenance and inspection. It is usually positioned in a way that allows the
operator to read the oil level without having to climb on top of the transformer or use
special equipment.

Routine Tests

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1.

Routine Tests:These tests are conducted during the manufacturing

and taps and the general shape of the tank.

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