IMP JAVA Programs for QA/SDET Interview

1.) Java program to Find Odd or Even number

import java.util.Scanner;

public class OddEven {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter any number: ");
int number = scanner.nextInt();

if (number % 2 == 0) {
System.out.println(number + " is even.");
} else {
System.out.println(number + " is odd.");
}
}
}

2.) Java program to find Prime number

import java.util.Scanner;

public class PrimeNumber {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int number = scanner.nextInt();

if (isPrime(number)) {
System.out.println(number + " is a prime number.");
} else {
System.out.println(number + " is not a prime number.");
}
}

public static boolean isPrime(int num) {

for (int i = 2; i <= num / 2; i++) {
//try each number by using %
if (num % i == 0) {
return false;
}
} return true;
}
3.) Java program to find Fibonacci series upto a
given number range
import java.util.Scanner;

public class PrimeNumber {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("enter number of terms");
int number = 6;
int first = 0, second = 1, next;
System.out.println("Fibonacci series is ");
for ( int i = 0; i<=number; i++)
{
System.out.println(first + "");
next = second+first;
first = second;
second = next;
}
}

Output: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8

4.) Java program to swap two numbers without

using third variable
import java.util.Scanner;

public class SwapNumbers {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter the first number: ");
int a = 5,
System.out.print("Enter the second number: ");
int b = 10;
System.out.println("Before swapping: a = " + a + ", b = " + b);

a = a + b;
b = a - b;
a = a - b;
System.out.println("After swapping: a = " + a + ", b = " + b);

}
}

Output: After Swapping: a = 10 , b = 5

5.) Java program to Find Factorial on given Number
import java.util.Scanner;

public class FactorialNumber {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int factorial =1;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter any number ");
int number = 5;

for (int i = 1; i <= number; i++){

factorial = factorial * i;
}
System.out.println("Factorial number is :" +factorial);

}
}

Input: 5!
Output: 5! = 5*4*3*2*1 = 120

6.) Java program to Reverse Number

import java.util.Scanner;

public class ReverseNumber {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int no, rev=0,r,a;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter any number : ");
no = scanner.nextInt();
a = no;
while(no>0)
{
r = no%10;
rev = rev*10+r;
no=no/10;
}

System.out.println("Reverse : " +rev);

}
}

Input: 15786
Output: 68751
7.) Java program to find Armstrong Number
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ArmstrongNumber {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int arm=0, a,b,c,d,no;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter any number : ");
no = scanner.nextInt();
d = no;
while(no>0)
{
a = no%10;
no = no/10;
arm =arm+a*a*a;
}
if(arm==d){
System.out.println("Armstrong number”);
}
else{
System.out.println("Not Armstrong number”);
}
}
}

8.) Java program to find number of digits in given

number
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NumberOfDigits {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int no = 0, a = 0;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter any number : ");
no = scanner.nextInt();
if(no<0)
{
no = no * -1;

} else if (no==0) {
no=1;
}
while(no>0)
{
no=no/10;
a++;}
System.out.println("Number of digits in given number is :" +a); }
9.) Java program to find Palindrome number

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int number = scanner.nextInt();

if (isPalindrome(number)) {
System.out.println(number + " is a palindrome.");
} else {
System.out.println(number + " is not a palindrome.");
}
}

public static boolean isPalindrome(int num) {

int originalNumber = num;
int reversedNumber = 0;

while (num != 0) {
int digit = num % 10;
reversedNumber = reversedNumber * 10 + digit;
num = num/10;
}

return originalNumber == reversedNumber;

}
}

Enter a number: 1001

1001 is a palindrome.
10.) Java program to calculate the sum of digits of
a number

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int number = 12345;

int sumOfDigits = calculateSumOfDigits(number);

System.out.println("Sum of digits of " + number + " is: " +

sumOfDigits);
}

public static int calculateSumOfDigits(int number) {

int sum = 0;
while (number > 0) {
int digit = number % 10; // Extract the last digit
sum = sum + digit; // Add the digit to sum
number = number / 10; // Remove the last digit from number
}
return sum;
}
}

Output:
Sum of digits of 12345 is: 15
 Strings
1.) Java program to reverse a string
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
char ch;
String nstr = "";
for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
ch = input.charAt(i);
nstr = ch + nstr;
}
System.out.println("Reversed String is : " + nstr);

2.) Java program to reverse each word of a given

string
public static void main(String[] args) {
reverseEachWordOfString("Java is good programming langauges");
}

static void reverseEachWordOfString(String inputString)

{
String[] words = inputString.split(" ");

String reverseString = "";

for (int i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
String word = words[i];
String nstr = "";
char ch;
for (int j = 0; j < word.length(); j++) {
ch = word.charAt(j);
nstr = ch + nstr;
}
reverseString = reverseString + nstr + " ";
}

System.out.println(inputString);
System.out.println(reverseString);
}

Input: Java is good programming langauges

Output: avaJ si doog gnimmargorp seguagnal
3.) Java program to find duplicate characters in a
string
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Set;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

duplicateCharacterCount("Learn Java Programming");
}

static void duplicateCharacterCount(String inputString) {

HashMap<Character, Integer> charCountMap = new HashMap<>();

char[] strArray = inputString.toCharArray();
for (char c : strArray) {
if (charCountMap.containsKey(c)) {
charCountMap.put(c, charCountMap.get(c) + 1);
} else {
charCountMap.put(c, 1);
}
}

Set<Character> charsInString = charCountMap.keySet();

System.out.println("Duplicate Characters in : " + inputString);

for (Character ch : charsInString) {

if (charCountMap.get(ch) > 1) {
System.out.println(ch + " : " + charCountMap.get(ch));
}
}
}
}

Duplicate Characters in : Learn Java Programming

a : 4

g : 2

m : 2

n : 2

r : 3
4.) Java program to count Occurrences of Each
Character in String
import java.util.HashMap;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

CharacterCount("Test Automation Java Automation");
}

static void CharacterCount(String inputString) {

HashMap<String,Integer> charCountMap = new HashMap<>();
for(String s : inputString.split(" "))
{
if(charCountMap.containsKey(s))
{
charCountMap.put(s,charCountMap.get(s)+1);
}
else
{
charCountMap.put(s,1);
}
}
System.out.println("Count of Characters in a given string : " +
charCountMap);
}
}
Count of Characters in a given string : {Java=1, Automation=2, Test=1}

5.) Java program to count the number of words in

a string
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Enter the String");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String s = sc.nextLine();
int count = 1;

for (int i = 0; i < s.length() - 1; i++) {

if ((s.charAt(i) == ' ') && (s.charAt(i + 1) != ' ')) {
count++;
}
}
System.out.println("Number of words in a string: " +count); }
}
Enter the String: Welcome to Java World
Number of words in a string: 4
6.) Java program to find all permutations of a
given string

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "abc";
permute(str, "");
}

static void permute(String str, String prefix) {

if (str.length() == 0) {
System.out.println(prefix);
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
String rem = str.substring(0,i) + str.substring(i+1);
permute(rem,prefix + str.charAt(i));
}
}
}
}

abc

acb

bac

bca

cab

cba
7.) Java program to find if a string is Palindrome

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "madam";
System.out.println(isPalindrome(str));
}

static boolean isPalindrome(String str) {

int start = 0;
int end = str.length() - 1;

while (start < end) {

if (str.charAt(start) != str.charAt(end)) {
return false;
}
start++;
end--;
}
return true;
}
}
8.) Java program to determine if Two Strings are
Anagrams

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String str1 = "listen";
String str2 = "silent";
System.out.println(areAnagrams(str1,str2));
}

static boolean areAnagrams(String str1, String str2) {

if(str1.length() != str2.length())
{
return false;
}

int[] charCount = new int[256];

for( int i = 0; i < str1.length(); i++)
{
charCount[str1.charAt(i)]++;
charCount[str2.charAt(i)]--;
}

for ( int count : charCount)

{
if ( count !=0 )
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
9.) Java program to Count Vowels and Consonants
in a given string

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "Hello World";
VowelConsonantCount(str);
}

static void VowelConsonantCount(String str) {

int vowels = 0, consonants = 0;
str = str.toLowerCase();
for (char c : str.toCharArray()) {
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
if (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u')
{
vowels++;
} else {
consonants++;
}
}
}
System.out.println("Vowels : " + vowels);
System.out.println("Consonants : " + consonants);
}
}

Vowels : 3

Consonants : 7
10.) Java program to print unqiue characters

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.println("Unique characters in \"" + input + "\":");

printUniqueCharacters(input);

public static void printUniqueCharacters(String str) {

// Assume ASCII characters (0-127), use boolean array to track
character occurrences
boolean[] unique = new boolean[128];

for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {

char ch = str.charAt(i);
if (!unique[ch]) {
unique[ch] = true;
System.out.print(ch + " ");
}
}

}
}

Enter a string: Java Automation

Unique characters in "Java Automation":

J a v A u t o m i n
11.) Java program to print even indexed
characters

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.println("Even indexed characters in \"" + input + "\":");

printEvenIndexedCharacters(input);

public static void printEvenIndexedCharacters(String str) {

for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
if (i % 2 == 0) {
System.out.print(str.charAt(i));
}
}

}
}

Enter a string: Automation

Even indexed characters in "Automation":

Atmto
12.) Java program to remove space from a
given string

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string with spaces: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();

String stringWithoutSpaces = removeSpaces(input);

System.out.println("String without spaces: " +
stringWithoutSpaces);
}

public static String removeSpaces(String str) {

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
if (str.charAt(i) != ' ') {
result.append(str.charAt(i));
}
}
return result.toString();
}
}

Enter a string with spaces: Welcome to Java World

String without spaces: WelcometoJavaWorld
13.) Java program to print each letter twice
from a given string

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();

String doubledString = doubleCharacters(input);

System.out.println("Doubled characters: " + doubledString);
}

public static String doubleCharacters(String str) {

StringBuilder doubled = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
char ch = str.charAt(i);
doubled.append(ch).append(ch); // Append each character
twice
}
return doubled.toString();
}
}

Enter a string: hello

Doubled characters: hheelllloo
14.) Java program to swap two string without
using 3rd variable
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter first string: ");
String str1 = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter second string: ");
String str2 = scanner.nextLine();

System.out.println("Before swapping: str1 = " + str1 + ",

str2 = " + str2);

// Swapping without using a third variable

str1 = str1 + str2; // Concatenate str1 and str2 and
store in str1
str2 = str1.substring(0, str1.length() - str2.length());
// Extract the initial part (original str1) from the concatenated
string
str1 = str1.substring(str2.length()); // Extract the
remaining part (original str2) from the concatenated string

System.out.println("After swapping: str1 = " + str1 + ",

str2 = " + str2);
}
}

Enter first string: Hello

Enter second string: World

Before swapping: str1 = Hello, str2 = World

After swapping: str1 = World, str2 = Hello

15.) Java program to gives Output: a2b2c3d2
for the Input String Str = “aabbcccdd”

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();

String output = getCharacterCount(input);

System.out.println("Output: " + output);
}

public static String getCharacterCount(String str) {

StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
int count = 1;

for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {

// If the next character is the same, increase the count
if (i + 1 < str.length() && str.charAt(i) == str.charAt(i
+ 1)) {
count++;
} else {
// Append the character and its count to the result
result.append(str.charAt(i)).append(count);
count = 1; // Reset the count
}
}

return result.toString();
}
}

Enter a string: aabbcccdd

Output: a2b2c3d2
16.) Java program to gives two Output:
“abcde”, “ABCDE” for the Input
String Str = “aBACbcEDed”

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("Original String is: "+ input);
separateCharacters(input);
}

public static void separateCharacters(String input)

{
StringBuilder lowerCase = new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder upperCase = new StringBuilder();

for(char ch : input.toCharArray())
{
if(Character.isLowerCase(ch))
{
lowerCase.append(ch);
}
else
{
upperCase.append(ch);
}
}
System.out.println("Output in lowercase: "+lowerCase);
System.out.println("Output in uppercase "+upperCase);
}

Enter a string: aBACbcEDed

Output in lowercase: abced

Output in uppercase: ABCED

17.) Java program to gives two Output:
“Subburaj”, “123” for the Input
String Str = “Subbu123raj”

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
String input = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("Original String is: "+ input);
separateAplhaAndNumeric(input);
}

public static void separateAlphaAndNumeric(String input)

{
StringBuilder alphaPart = new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder numericPart = new StringBuilder();

for(char ch : input.toCharArray())
{
if(Character.isLetter(ch))
{
alphaPart.append(ch);
}
else if (Character.isDigit(ch))
{
numericPart.append(ch);
}
}

System.out.println("Output in Alpha: "+alphaPart.toString());

System.out.println("Output in Numeric:
"+numericPart.toString());
}

Enter a string: Subbu123raj

Output in lowercase: Subburaj

Output in uppercase: 123

18.) Java program to gives Output:
“32412120000” for the Input
String Str = “32400121200”
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String input = "32400121200";
String output = rearrangeDigits(input);
System.out.println("Output: " + output);
}

public static String rearrangeDigits(String input) {

// Split the input into parts: digits and non-digits
StringBuilder digits = new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder nonDigits = new StringBuilder();

for (char c : input.toCharArray()) {

if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
digits.append(c);
} else {
nonDigits.append(c);
}
}

// Concatenate non-digits followed by digits

return digits.toString() + nonDigits.toString();
}
}

Output: 32412120000

19.) Java program to gives Output:

“00003241212” for the Input
String Str = “32400121200”
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String input = "32400121200";
String formattedOutput = String.format("%011d",
Long.parseLong(input));
System.out.println("Formatted output: " + formattedOutput);
}
}

Formatted output: 00003241212

20.) Java program to find the longest without
repeating characters

import java.util.HashSet;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
String s1 = "abcabcbb"; // Expected: "abc", length 3
String s2 = "bbbbb"; // Expected: "b", length 1
String s3 = "pwwkew"; // Expected: "wke", length 3
String s4 = ""; // Expected: "", length 0

System.out.println("Longest substring without repeating

characters in s1: " + lengthOfLongestSubstring(s1)); // Output: 3
System.out.println("Longest substring without repeating
characters in s2: " + lengthOfLongestSubstring(s2)); // Output: 1
System.out.println("Longest substring without repeating
characters in s3: " + lengthOfLongestSubstring(s3)); // Output: 3
System.out.println("Longest substring without repeating
characters in s4: " + lengthOfLongestSubstring(s4)); // Output: 0
}

public static int lengthOfLongestSubstring(String s) {

HashSet<Character> set = new HashSet<>();
int maxLength = 0;
int start = 0;
int end = 0;

while (end < s.length()) {

char currentChar = s.charAt(end);
if (!set.contains(currentChar)) {
set.add(currentChar);
maxLength = Math.max(maxLength, end - start + 1);
end++;
} else {
set.remove(s.charAt(start));
start++;
}
}

return maxLength;
}
}
 Arrays
1.) Find common elements between
two arrays
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class CommonElements {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int[] array2 = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8};

Set<Integer> commonElements = findCommonElements(array1,

array2);

System.out.println("Common elements: " + commonElements);

}

public static Set<Integer> findCommonElements(int[] array1,

int[] array2) {
Set<Integer> set1 = new HashSet<>();
Set<Integer> commonSet = new HashSet<>();

// Add elements of the first array to the set

for (int num : array1) {
set1.add(num);
}

// Check for common elements in the second array

for (int num : array2) {
if (set1.contains(num)) {
commonSet.add(num);
}
}

return commonSet;
}
}

Input: array1 = {1,2,3,4,5} and

array2 = {4,5,6,7,8}
Output: Common elements: [4, 5]
2.) Find first and last element of
Arraylist

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
arrayList.add("Apple");
arrayList.add("Banana");
arrayList.add("Cherry");
arrayList.add("Date");
arrayList.add("Elderberry");

if (!arrayList.isEmpty()) {
String firstElement = arrayList.get(0);
String lastElement = arrayList.get(arrayList.size() - 1);

System.out.println("First element: " + firstElement);

System.out.println("Last element: " + lastElement);
} else {
System.out.println("The ArrayList is empty.");
}
}
}

Output:
First element: Apple
Last element: Elderberry
3.) Sort an array without using in-built
method

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {5, 2, 9, 1, 6};

selectionSort(array);

System.out.println("Sorted array:");
for (int num : array) {
System.out.print(num + " ");
}
}

public static void selectionSort(int[] array) {

int n = array.length;
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
int minIndex = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
if (array[j] < array[minIndex]) {
minIndex = j;
}
}

// Swap array[i] and array[minIndex]

int temp = array[i];
array[i] = array[minIndex];
array[minIndex] = temp;
}
}
}

Output:
Sorted array:
12569
 4.) Remove duplicates from an Array

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {5, 2, 9, 1, 6, 2, 5};

int[] uniqueArray = removeDuplicates(array);

System.out.println("Array with duplicates removed:");

for (int num : uniqueArray) {
System.out.print(num + " ");
}
}

public static int[] removeDuplicates(int[] array) {

Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>();
for (int num : array) {
set.add(num);
}

int[] result = new int[set.size()];

int i = 0;
for (int num : set) {
result[i++] = num;
}

return result;
}
}

Output:
Array with duplicates removed:
12569
 5.) Remove duplicates from an
ArrayList

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
arrayList.add(5);
arrayList.add(2);
arrayList.add(9);
arrayList.add(1);
arrayList.add(6);
arrayList.add(2);
arrayList.add(5);

ArrayList<Integer> uniqueList =
removeDuplicates(arrayList);

System.out.println("ArrayList with duplicates

removed:");
for (int num : uniqueList) {
System.out.print(num + " ");
}
}

public static ArrayList<Integer>

removeDuplicates(ArrayList<Integer> list) {
Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>(list);
return new ArrayList<>(set);
}
}

Output:
ArrayList with duplicates removed:
12569
6.) Find the missing number in an Array

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {1, 2, 4, 5, 6}; // Missing number is 3
int missingNumber = findMissingNumber(array);
System.out.println("The missing number is: " + missingNumber);
}

public static int findMissingNumber(int[] array) {

int n = array.length + 1; // Since one number is missing, the length
should be n+1
int totalSum = n * (n + 1) / 2; // Sum of first n natural numbers

int arraySum = 0;
for (int num : array) {
arraySum += num;
}
return totalSum - arraySum;
}
}

Output:
The missing number is: 3
7.) Find the largest and smallest
element in an Array
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {5, 2, 9, 1, 6, 3};

int[] result = findLargestAndSmallest(array);

System.out.println("Smallest element: " + result[0]);

System.out.println("Largest element: " + result[1]);
}

public static int[] findLargestAndSmallest(int[] array) {

if (array == null || array.length == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Array must not be null or
empty");
}

int smallest = array[0];

int largest = array[0];

for (int num : array) {

if (num < smallest) {
smallest = num;
}
if (num > largest) {
largest = num;
}
}
return new int[]{smallest, largest};
}
}

Output:
Smallest element: 1
Largest element: 9
8.) Search element in an Array
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {5, 2, 9, 1, 6, 3};
int target = 6;

int index = linearSearch(array, target);

if (index != -1) {
System.out.println("Element " + target + " found at index: " +
index);
} else {
System.out.println("Element " + target + " not found in the
array.");
}
}

public static int linearSearch(int[] array, int target) {

for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] == target) {
return i; // Element found, return index
}
}
return -1; // Element not found
}
}

Output:
Element 6 found at index: 4
Element 10 not found in the array
9.) Array consists of integers and special
characters,sum only integers
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] array = {"5", "2", "9", "a", "1", "6", "#", "3"};

int sum = sumIntegers(array);

System.out.println("Sum of integers in the array: " + sum);

}

public static int sumIntegers(String[] array) {

int sum = 0;
for (String element : array) {
try {
int num = Integer.parseInt(element);
sum += num;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// Ignore non-integer elements
}
}
return sum;
}
}

Output:
Sum of integers in the array: 26
 10.) Find Minimum and Maximum
from an Array
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {5, 2, 9, 1, 6, 3};

// Find maximum and minimum

int max = findMaximum(array);
int min = findMinimum(array);

// Print the results

System.out.println("Minimum value in the array: " + min);
System.out.println("Maximum value in the array: " + max);
}

public static int findMaximum(int[] array) {

if (array.length == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Array must not be empty");
}
int max = array[0]; // Initialize max to the first element
for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] > max) {
max = array[i]; // Update max if current element is larger
}
}
return max;
}

public static int findMinimum(int[] array) {

if (array.length == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Array must not be empty");
}
int min = array[0]; // Initialize min to the first element
for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] < min) {
min = array[i]; // Update min if current element is smaller
}
}
return min; }
}

Output:
Minimum value in the array: 1
Maximum value in the array: 9
 11.) Java program to count Odd and
Even number from given array
Input: {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};

int[] count = countOddAndEven(array);

System.out.println("Even numbers count: " + count[1]);

System.out.println("Odd numbers count: " + count[0]);
}

public static int[] countOddAndEven(int[] array) {

int[] count = new int[2]; // Index 0 for odd count, Index 1 for
even count

for (int num : array) {

if (num % 2 == 0) {
count[1]++; // Increment even count
} else {
count[0]++; // Increment odd count
}
}
return count;
}
}

Output:
Even numbers count: 4

Odd numbers count: 5

12.) Java program – input array was
given [ 1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,6,6],
Output – [3,4]
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6};
List<Integer> result = findNonRepeatedElements(array);
System.out.println("Non-repeated elements: " + result);
}

public static List<Integer> findNonRepeatedElements(int[]

array) {

// Step 1: Count occurrences of each element using a

HashMap
Map<Integer, Integer> countMap = new HashMap<>();
for (int num : array) {
countMap.put(num, countMap.getOrDefault(num, 0) + 1);
}

// Step 2: Identify elements with count equal to 1 (non-

repeated)
List<Integer> nonRepeatedElements = new ArrayList<>();
for (Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry :
countMap.entrySet()) {
if (entry.getValue() == 1) {
nonRepeatedElements.add(entry.getKey());
}
}
return nonRepeatedElements;
}
}

Output :
Non-repeated elements: [3, 4]
Java program to implement hashcode
and equals
import java.util.Objects;

public class Student {

private int id;
private String name;

// Constructor
public Student(int id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}

// Getters and setters (omitted for brevity)

// hashCode method
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(id, name);
}

// equals method
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Student student = (Student) obj;
return id == student.id && Objects.equals(name, student.name);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating objects of Student class
Student student1 = new Student(1, "Alice");
Student student2 = new Student(2, "Bob");
Student student3 = new Student(1, "Alice");

// Testing equals method

System.out.println("student1.equals(student2): " +
student1.equals(student2)); // Output: false
System.out.println("student1.equals(student3): " +
student1.equals(student3)); // Output: true

// Testing hashCode method

System.out.println("Hashcode of student1: " + student1.hashCode());
System.out.println("Hashcode of student2: " + student2.hashCode());
System.out.println("Hashcode of student3: " + student3.hashCode());
}
}