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Semis Ethics

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Mary Angeline De Leon
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14 views2 pages

Semis Ethics

Uploaded by

Mary Angeline De Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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ETHICS Maxim: "Try to reduce the risk or severity of world hunger.

"
SEMI FINALS Actions: Giving money, Volunteer, Start an Organization

Deontological Ethics How does deontology differ from virtue ethics?

"Deon"= Duty Act Guidance vs. Character Guidance

Duty-Based Ethics • Deontology and Consequentialism provide act guidance; that


is, they tell us what sorts of actions we should take rather then
A duty-based ethic called deontology, focuses on the act and what sort of people we ought to become (Character Guidance).
not its consequence.

Rules can be expressed in 2 ways-- The Competition: Consequentialism

negatively CONSEQUENTIALISM

"Do not lie" THEORIES . Hold that an action's rightness or wrongness


"Do not steal" depends on the consequence it causes (e.g happiness, pain,
etc.)
positively

"tell the truth" DEONTOLOGICAL THEORIES


"keep your promises"
Hold that an action's rightness or wrongness depends on its
Derived from the Greek word "deon" meaning "duty" conformity to a certain moral norm regardless of the
Deontology is a category of normative ethical theories that consequence, I.e. "Right vs. Good"
encompasses any theory which is primarily concerned with
adherence to certain rules or duties. Examples of Deontological Theories
Consequences do NOT matter! Intention is relevant. I am
acting a certain way only if I act for the right reason. • Divine Command Theory
. "The Golden Rule"
Basic Assumptions • Natural law & natural right theories Kantian Ethics
(categorical imperative)
No matter how morally good their consequences, some choices
are morally forbidden. • What makes a choice right is its Divine Command Theory
conformity with a moral norm.
It's the idea that we have a duty to obey God, and therefore a
The Right is said to have priority over the Good. duty to do or not do whatever God has commanded us to do or
not do.
If an act is not in accord with the Right, it may not be
undertaken, no matter the Good that it might produce. - Divine Command Theory is a moral theory, and moral
theology, but, strictly speaking, it is not normative moral
In other words... philosophy.

Deontological theories hold that actions that are morally right WHY NOT? (Hint- Consider what it takes for moral philosophy
are those in accordance with certain rules, duties, rights, or to be normative.)
maxims.
A familiar example: "the golden rule"
Actions can be morally good, required, permitted or forbidden. Also known as the ethic of reciprocity, this famous cross-
cultural maxim states: "Do to others as you want them to do to
What is a maxim? you."
A maxim is a principle that underlies or informs an act or set of May seem like a useful maxim at first, but it has limitations:
actions. • Several acts may satisfy the underlying maxim or Depends on the mental state (personality, mental health,
principle. emotional health, compassion, etc.) of the moral agent rather
than the person being acted upon.
Famine Example:
Natural law & Natural right theories
Humans have reasoning and the Laws of Nature are discernable
by human reason.

Humans are morally obligated to use reasoning to discern what


the laws are and then to act in conformity with them.

Humans have a natural drive to eat, drink, sleep and procreate.


These actions are in accord with a natural law for species to
survive and procreate. Thus activities in conformity with such a
law are morally good. Activities that work against that law are
morally wrong.

As an example, consider that to eat too much or too little and


place life in jeopardy is morally wrong.

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