ASTM D 341 - 20 (Cálculo de Viscosidad A Diferentes Temperaturas)
ASTM D 341 - 20 (Cálculo de Viscosidad A Diferentes Temperaturas)
ASTM D 341 - 20 (Cálculo de Viscosidad A Diferentes Temperaturas)
for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D341 − 20
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This standard is issued under the fixed designation D341; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
FIG. 1 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I High Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)
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FIG. 2 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I Medium Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)
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D341 − 20
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FIG. 3 Facsimile of Kinematic Viscosity-Temperature Chart I Low Range (Temperature in degrees Celsius)
Copyright ASTM International
Provided by IHS Markit under license with ASTM
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D341 − 20
A point on this line, within the range defined in Section 3, 5.1.1 Inserting Eq 2 into Eq 1 will permit solving for the
shows the kinematic viscosity at the corresponding desired constants A and B. Once A and B are known, Z can be
temperature and vice versa. calculated at any specified temperature and then Eq 3 can be
used to calculate kinematic viscosity.
NOTE 2—If the kinematic viscosities are not known, they should be
determined in accordance with Test Method D445 or D7042. Test Method 5.2 Example of Calculation of A and B—Assume a fluid has
D7042 results shall be bias-corrected by the application of the correction a 40 °C (313.15 K) kinematic viscosity of 70.0 mm2/s and a
described in Test Method D7042 for the specific sample type. In case of
100 °C (373.15 K) kinematic viscosity of 10.0 mm2/s.
dispute, Test Method D445 shall be the referee method.
5.2.1 Z can be calculated using Eq 2:
4.2 Alternatively, the interpolated and extrapolated kine- 5.2.1.1 Z at 40 °C (313.15 K) and 100 °C (373.15 K) are
matic viscosities and temperatures may be calculated as 70.7 and 10.7, respectively.
described in 4.3, within the range identified for the charts in 5.2.1.2 log log (Z) at 40 °C (313.15 K) and 100 °C
Section 3. (373.13 K) are 0.267 and 0.013, respectively.
Fig. 1 0.30 cSt to 20 000 000 cSt and –70 °C to 370 °C 5.2.1.3 log (T) at 40 °C (313.15 K) and 100 °C (373.15 K)
Fig. 2 1.50 cSt to 200 000 cSt and –40 °C to 150 °C
Fig. 3 0.18 cSt to 7.0 cSt and –70 °C to 370 °C
are 2.496 and 2.572, respectively.
5.2.1.4 Remember that T in this equation is in K.
4.3 Extrapolation—Kinematic viscosity-temperature points 5.2.2 Eq 1 can be rearranged to solve for A using data at
on the extrapolated portion of the line, but still within the range 40 °C resulting in the following equation:
defined in Section 3 and 4, are satisfactory provided the
kinematic viscosity-temperature line is located quite accu- A 5 0.2671B*2.496 (4)
rately. For purposes of extrapolation, it is especially important 5.2.3 Eq 4 can be substituted into Eq 1 along with log log
that the two known kinematic viscosity-temperature points be (Z) and log (T) at 100 °C which results in the following
far apart. If these two points are not sufficiently far apart, equation:
experimental errors in the kinematic viscosity determinations
0.013 5 0.2671B*2.496 2 B*2.572 (5)
and in drawing the line may seriously affect the accuracy of
extrapolated points, particularly if the difference between an 5.2.4 Eq 5 can be rearranged to solve for B which is 3.342.
extrapolated temperature and the nearest temperature of deter- This value for B can be substituted into Eq 4 to solve for A
mination is greater than the difference between the two which is 8.609.
temperatures of determination. In extreme cases, an additional 5.3 Example of Calculation of v:
determination at a third temperature is advisable. 5.3.1 Values A = 8.609 and B = 3.342 for the fluid described
in 5.2 can be substituted into Eq 1 which results in the
5. Viscosity Temperature Equation and Use following equation:
5.1 The current viscosity-temperature equation derived by log log~ Z ! 5 8.609 2 3.342*log~ T ! (6)
MacCoull has a general relationship as follows:
5.3.2 Using Eq 6 we can calculate log log (Z) at a desired
loglog~ Z ! 5 A 2 B log~ T ! (1) temperature, for example 70 °C (343.15 K):
where: 5.3.2.1 log (T) at 70 °C (343.15 K) is 2.535
Z 5 v10.71exp~ - 1.47 2 1.84 v 2 0.51 v 2 ! (2) 5.3.2.2 log log (Z) at 70 °C (343.15 K) is 0.134 when 2.535
and: is substituted into Eq 6.
v 5 @ Z 2 0.7# 2 exp~ -0.7487 2 3.295 @ Z 2 0.7# 1 5.3.2.3 Z at 70 °C (343.15 K) is then 23.02.
0.6119@ Z 2 0.7# 2 2 0.3193@ Z 2 0.7# 3 ! (3) 5.3.2.4 Substituting this value of Z into Eq 3 results in a
calculated kinematic viscosity at 70 °C (343.15 K) of
where: 22.3 mm2/s.
log = logarithm to base 10, NOTE 3—A spreadsheet program was used for the example calculations.
Z = defined in Eq 2,
A and B = constants, 6. Keywords
T = temperature, K (or t + 273.15, where t is °C), and 6.1 charts; kinematic viscosity; MacCoull; viscosity;
v = kinematic viscosity, mm2/s (or cSt).
viscosity-temperature charts
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SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Subcommittee D02.07 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(D341 – 17) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2020.)
(1) Equations previously in the appendix and annex were (3) Multiple sections were renumbered because of the rear-
moved to the main body of the method. rangement of the method.
(2) Charts in Section 1 are new charts derived from the
equations.
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