Unit 7

Creative Problem-Solving
1 Follow the steps. Read and cross out the words listed below. Then write a definition of the
word that’s left and say why it’s important.

hardware device
failure
affordable
play around with
solve
application

open-source
inspire resourceful
software
hands-on
Cross out:
1. the word that describes a tool or machine made for a special purpose. device
2. the word that describes the physical, electrical part of a computer. hardware
3. the word that means to find an answer or explanation to a problem. solve
4. the word that means not too expensive. affordable
5. the expression that describes what you do when you experiment with ideas. play around with
6. the word that is associated with software that everyone can use. open source
7. the word that describes programs run on a computer. software
8. t he expression that describes an active way of learning by actually doing
practical activities. hands-on
9. the word that means to encourage someone to do something creative. inspire
10. the word that means you have creative ideas to deal with different situations. resourceful
11. the word that describes putting something into practical use. application

The word left is failure .

Failure is not being successful in doing something .

It’s important because you need failure to encourage and help you get better

at the things you do .

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 2 Listen to the interview. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. Listen again and
circle the correct answers. 031-032

affordable  device  failure  hands-on  maker labs  software  solving

1. The school’s recent maker labs have attracted

media attention / the interest of a computer company.

2. Hands-on learning is encouraged by

failure / maker labs.

3. The maker lab was affordable thanks to parents’

support / funding.

4. Solving the problem of where to put the lab was easy / not easy.

5. The school bought hardware and software , but also more

reference books / devices.

6. Students aren’t afraid of failure because it’s part of

a computer programme / being an innovator.

3 Unscramble the words. Write the questions.

Then write your answers. Answers will vary.
1. you / who / what / inspires / or

Who or what inspires you? / What or who inspires you?

2. everyday / you / device / what / helps

What everyday device helps you?

3. are / resourceful / you / how

How are you resourceful? / How resourceful are you?

4. ideas / now / playing / what / around / are / with / you

What ideas are you playing around with now?

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 Gr ammar
Wish and if only: Expressing wishes and regrets

I wish our school had a 3D printer.

I wish 3D printers were more affordable.

I wish our school had bought open-source software.

I wish they would stop copying my designs!

If only I could inspire young children.

If only our school could have maker labs.

If only my innovation had been successful.

We use wish/if only + past simple to express a wish (when you want a situation to be different).
Remember to use were for the verb to be.

We use wish/if only + past perfect to express a regret about something in the past that
cannot be changed.

1 Unscramble the words. Write the sentences. Then listen and match each situation to the
corresponding sentence. Write the number on the line. 033
4 a. software / had / I / the / I / wish
_____

I wish I had the software.

2 b. hands-on / were / a / if only / person / I
_____

If only I were a hands-on person.

1 c. it / I / worked / wish
_____

I wish it worked.
5 d. us / wish / time / she / I / more / had given
_____

I wish she had given us more time.

3 e. problems/ earlier / would detect/ researchers / brain / if only
_____

If only researchers would detect brain problems earlier.

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 2 Read. Change the form of each underlined word to complete the first sentence. Then
complete the second sentence with the correct tense of the verb provided in brackets.
1. I didn’t interpret the data correctly.

If only my interpretation had been (be) correct.

2. This device will not benefit disabled people.

I wish this device would benefit (benefit) people with disabilities.

3. The maker lab transformed the library at my friend’s school.

If only a similar transformation would happen/had happened (happen) at

our school!

4. The hardware didn’t have a wireless connection.

I wish the hardware had been connected (be connect) wirelessly.

5. They didn’t solve my technical problem.

If only they had found (find) a solution to my technical

problem.

3 Write sentences about wishes or regrets. Use if only/I wish and an appropriate word
from the box for each situation.

affordable  approach  experiment  failure  interpret  solve

1. You are very nervous before your test. Possible answers

If only I weren’t afraid of failure.

2. Your school isn’t very hands-on.

I wish my school had a hands-on approach.

3. You want to buy new software but it’s too expensive.

I wish the software were more affordable.

4. You experimented with the 3D printer and detected a problem.

I wish I could solve the problem with the 3D printer.

5. Your headset reads brainwaves incorrectly.

If only my headset wouldn’t interpret brainwaves incorrectly.

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 1 Listen and read. As you read, consider some reasons people don’t always succeed
at first. 034

Failure
No Success without Failure
Failure
How many times have you wondered, ‘Why didn’t that work out?’ about
A

something you did? How many times have you thought, ‘If only . . .’?
B
History shows us that there is no need to worry. The message from inventors
and explorers, from scientists and artists, is that every cloud has a silver lining. If at
first you don’t succeed, try again, because there is no success without failure.
C
Behind every invention we see around us, there are endless hours of playing
around with ideas, of planning and persistence, and thousands of stories of
rejection and failure.
D
For example, take the first commercial light bulb that revolutionised the
world in 1879. It took Thomas Edison 10,000 unsuccessful attempts to produce it.
When a reporter asked him how it felt to fail 10,000 times, Edison simply replied,
‘I didn’t fail 10,000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 10,000 steps!’
Likewise, Oprah Winfrey, the famous talk show host, was not discouraged from
appearing on television when producers told her she did not have a good TV image.
Now, even though she grew up in poverty, she owns her own TV network and she is
one of the world’s most successful women.
E
Henry Ford designed the lightest car that had ever been made. However, it
took so long to finalise his prototype that one company lost interest and another
company rejected a lot of his ideas. Ford didn’t like to be hurried
or have others interfere. In the end, he set up his
own company, which is still successful today.
F
Walt Disney’s famous Mickey Mouse
character was rejected at first for being too scary.
Later Disney was fired from his first job and was
told he had no original ideas!
G
These examples, and thousands more, show
us that we should never be discouraged. We should
see life as a mountain of solvable problems. Each
failure is a learning experience we should use to
move forward and improve.

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 2 Match each paragraph with a summary. Write the letter.
E 1. To do something well takes time.
_____
F 2. Failure can make people lose their jobs.
_____
D 3. It’s important to stay positive.
_____
A 4. We all experience failure.
_____
G 5. We should never give up.
_____
C 6. Every invention has a story to tell.
_____
B 7. We have examples of failure and success
_____
from the past.

3 Write. From the reading, list the different ideas that express failure and success.
Then add one of your own. Possible answers
There is no success without failure.
Success takes time. Every cloud has a silver lining.
Sometimes you have to try several times before you succeed.
Every time you re-do something, you make it better.
It’s a healthy process.

4 Imagine that a friend has difficulty with a task. What advice would you give him/her?
Answers will vary.

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 Gr ammar
Adverbs: Expressing different levels of intensity

People’s imaginations are really surprising. (+)

I sort of hope her invention will do well. (-)

It’s rather difficult to understand the concept. (+)

He completely forgot to bring his equipment. (+)

The wireless device has hardly been used. (-)

We use adverbs to make verbs, adjectives or other adverbs stronger (+) or weaker (-). These
adverbs are called intensifiers.

(+) so, very, really, extremely, certainly, rather, completely

(-) slightly, somewhat, kind of, sort of

The adverb quite can be (+) or (-) depending on the word that follows.

1 Listen. As you listen to the conversations, underline the intensifiers. Then circle the
intensifier that has the same effect as the underlined word. 035
1. A: Some scientists can be really shy. very / hardly

B: That’s true. Some are practically terrified if they have to talk in public. almost / barely

2. A: The design of this device is really complicated. sort of / extremely

B: You’re right. I could hardly work it out myself. completely / barely

3. A: T
 he young inventor was somewhat disappointed. He didn’t win at the
science fair. slightly / so

B: Yes, but he’s very determined. He’ll compete again. sort of / really

4. A: It’s so exciting when young inventors realise they can change the world. rather / kind of

B: Yes. And the amazing thing is that some are extremely resourceful. totally / sort of

2 Write. In your notebook, write sentences with the words provided. Answers will vary.
1. really / inspiring 3. almost / solved 5. hardly / a surprise

2. kind of / wanted 4. quite / disappointing 6. completely / amazing

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 3 Read part of an interview with Jack Andraka. Underline the adverbs of intensity. Then read
the statements below and tick T for True or F for False. Rewrite the false statements to make
them true.

How did you get involved in cancer research?

When a very close family friend died from cancer, it made me
really want to find a way of detecting cancer earlier. I wanted
people to have a much better chance of surviving.
It’s extremely sad that a lot of people die every day from the
disease, and it certainly motivated me in my research. I also
want to make sure that more people know how absolutely
important it is to donate to research.
How do you manage school and work?
After school, I almost always go to the lab to work on my
projects. I barely go out, but I do have a social life. I have learnt
to balance study, work and travel.
What’s your main goal in life?
My goal is to be completely committed to innovation and
finding further solutions to problems in medicine and the
environment.

T F
1. Jack hardly knew the friend who had died of cancer. ✓

2. The death of a friend made Jack very determined to find a way to ✓

detect cancer sooner.

3. Donating to cancer research is almost unnecessary. ✓

4. He can hardly do school work and lab work on the same day. ✓
5. Jack practically never goes out. ✓
6. He sort of finds it difficult to balance study, work and travel. ✓
7. He is totally committed to being an innovator. ✓

1. He was a very close family friend.

3. It’s absolutely important.

4. He almost always does both.

6. He’s kind of learnt to balance study, work and travel.

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 Writing
We use exemplification essays to illustrate a topic with examples. If you choose good
examples, you can support your topic better as you make it more accurate, believable and
interesting. Remember to use phrases such as:
• for example • for instance • a good example is
• examples include • to illustrate • in particular
• specifically • such as • namely
• to demonstrate

1 Organise.
1. Your task is to write an exemplification essay about a common problem and how an
everyday object could be used to solve it. Think of a common problem and what object
could help you. Research life hacks on the Internet to help you come up with ideas for
several uses of your simple object. Write a list of the different uses of your object below.

Simple Object

Uses

2. Plan your writing. You’ll need an introductory paragraph that will describe how you
experienced a common problem. Your topic sentence will introduce the context. Write
your topic sentence here:

3. You’ll need two to three body paragraphs to describe other uses you discovered for the
object that helped you solve your problem.
4. Finally, you’ll need a concluding paragraph. Here you can give your opinion about how
useful the object you used is.

2 Write.
1. Go to page 123 in your book. Re-read the model text and writing prompt.

2. Write your first draft. Check for organisation, content, punctuation, capitalisation
and spelling.

3. Write your final draft. Share it with your teacher and classmates.
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 Now I can ...
• talk about problems and how people can solve them creatively. o Yes, I can!
o I think I can.
What is the role of failure in creativity? Possible answers o I need more practice.
If you don’t take risks, you’ll never try anything new. You mustn’t be afraid
to test new ideas. If you fail, trying again can improve your original idea.
What do you do when you have a problem to solve?
When I have a problem, I look at lots of different resources to help me understand it.
I also talk to friends and get different opinions.

• use wish and if only to express wishes and regrets. o Yes, I can!
o I think I can.
Write three sentences to express your wishes and regrets about your experience
o I need more practice.
with technology. Refer to the present, the past and the future. Possible answers
If only I had a smartwatch!
I wish I had invented a robot to help me clean my room.
I wish we would have more opportunities to use 3D printers.

• use adverbs to express different levels of intensity. Possible answers o Yes, I can!
o I think I can.
Complete the sentences. Use your own ideas with adverbs of intensity. o I need more practice.

Teen inventors can be very/quite resourceful. .

You have to be really dedicated to be an innovator.

He was extremely curious about using the 3D printer.

• write an exemplification essay about using an everyday object to o Yes, I can!

solve a common problem. o I think I can.
o I need more practice.
What problems can you solve by using bicarbonate of soda?
Give some examples using the expressions you’ve learnt. Possible answer
Bicarbonate of soda is kinder to the environment than other chemical products.
We can use it, for instance, to clean floors. In particular, it’s great for cleaning
appliances such as microwaves and ovens.

you decide Choose an activity. Go to page 96.

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 Unit 8

Art Connections
1 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. Make any necessary changes. Then
match each sentence to the correct picture. Write the number.

depict  perspective  preserve  primitive  reaction  technique

2 a. Some art is controversial and can cause a strong reaction .

4 b. The artist’s style draws us in and makes us see the subject from a different
perspective .
1 c. The mural depicts her love of nature.
3 d. There are many techniques to restore and help preserve
paintings from damage.
5 e. We finally tracked down the cave with the primitive cave paintings.

1. 2.

3. 4.

5.

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 2 Read. Circle the best answers.

Since prehistoric times, humans have wanted to leave their medium / mark
on the world. Historians think that many of the images scratched on trees or
rocks were just symbolic / controversial. This was probably how early humans
drew in / came up with a way to mark their territory or identify where food and
water could be found. At some point, artwork / primitive man thought of ways
to track down / preserve their work better by using new techniques / powers.
Research suggests that the earliest humans travelled quite far to
depict / track down the minerals they needed to help them paint and make
their paintings last.

It was a great medium / accomplishment by early humans to paint on cave

walls. They used simple tools, had little light and feared wild animals that were
roaming outside their caves. It was quite a dramatic / controversial situation
to paint in! What would our ancestors’ reaction / power be if they could see us
taking photos on our mobile phones today?

3 Listen. Write the question for each description of a piece of art. Use one word from the
box in each question. Each word can only be used once. 036

accomplishments  come up with  depict  draw in  medium  reaction

1. What does the painting depict?

2. What medium did the artist use?

3. What draws her in and inspires her?

4. What reaction did the image cause?

5. What idea did the artist come up with?

6. What were her (Frida Kahlo’s) accomplishments?

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 Gr ammar
Reported speech: Describing what others say

‘A good image should communicate He explained that a good image

instantly.’ should communicate instantly.

‘Images are still effective, otherwise we The photographer pointed out that images were
wouldn’t use them.’ still effective, otherwise we wouldn’t use them.

‘You must use an image. It’s worth a She told us we had to use an image because it
thousand words!’ was worth a thousand words.

‘The landscapes I saw yesterday made He claimed the landscapes he had seen the day
me cry.’ before had made him cry.

When we report what somebody else says, we may need to change the verb tenses as follows:

Past simple / present perfect past perfect

Past perfect / should / would stay the same
Some modal verbs change: must had to

We usually have to change the pronouns and adverbs of time and place. This is because you
may be reporting in a different situation or context, or at a later time.

‘I saw the exhibition here last week.’ – She said that she had seen the exhibition there the
week before.

Remember to use different reporting verbs to add variety.

1 Listen to the quotes about photography. Complete the sentences using reported speech.
Then underline the reporting verbs. 037
1. He suggested that the eye had to listen before it looked .

2. She pointed out that photography was a medium that had helped people to see .

3. She claimed that the smallest thing could have a dramatic reaction .

4. He pointed out that a photographer should know where to stand .

5. She reflected that the best photo was the one she would take the next day .

6. He explained that his photos showed places that people hadn’t been to before .

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 2 Read. Use the words from the box to fill in the blanks. Then complete the sentences using
reported speech.

accomplishment
admiring artwork contemporary critic dramatic
impressive medium preserved reaction themes

‘You must see Michelangelo’s Creation when you visit Rome next week, Ana,’ advised my
friend, Paolo, who also happens to be an art (1) critic . ‘I prefer
(2) contemporary art, modern techniques and bold colours,’ I explained. ‘And I
don’t like religious (3) themes ,’ I added. ‘It’ll be an experience you’ll never
forget!’ he insisted. So I tracked down the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican but couldn’t see
this famous painting. ‘I can’t find Michelangelo!’ I declared after 20 minutes. A lady
nearby whispered, ‘You should try looking up!’ I did and my (4) reaction
was too loud and (5) dramatic . ‘This is the most (6) impressive
painting I’ve ever seen!’ I exclaimed. Faces turned with a ‘Shhhh!’ and I realised that they
had all been (7) admiring the ceiling. The painting really draws the room in,
and despite being over 500 years old, the colours are really well
(8) preserved . It’s such an (9) accomplishment ! How did Michelangelo
depict these scenes on this high, horizontal surface? I texted Paolo, ‘This
(10) artwork has given me neck ache!’

1. Paolo suggested that Ana had to see Michelangelo’s Creation when she visited Rome the following week.

2. Ana explained that she preferred contemporary art, modern techniques and bold colours.

3. She added that she didn’t like religious themes .

4. He insisted that it would be an experience she would never forget .

5. A lady whispered that she should try looking up .

6. Ana claimed that it was the most impressive painting she had ever seen / .
the artwork had given her neck ache
3 Write. Report three memorable things family or friends said to you last week. Use different
reporting verbs. Answers will vary.
1. My sister declared that she had just finished her painting for art class.

2.

3.

4.

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 1 Listen and read. As you read, notice the similarities and differences between Slinkachu
and Willard Wigan. 038

Tiny People, BIG Places

When we think of urban art, we probably think of big bold walls with artwork on
them. But it’s not just big bold pieces that make an impact. Small figures can produce a
big reaction, too.
Slinkachu is a British artist who creates small worlds in big urban landscapes. He
uses one-centimetre-high figures from train sets for his characters. The figures are
plain grey when Slinkachu buys them, but he comes up with different ways to paint
them. He also collects a lot of objects to use as props. These are small objects that help
to build a scene. For example, a bottle top could be a boat, a dead insect could pull a
cart, or a tennis ball could be a desert island.
Slinkachu thinks of each scene he wants to create as a miniature film set. For
instance, a hole in a wall could be a cave, or a puddle could be a lake. He glues the
figures into a scene and uses the detail around them to help tell the story.
He then photographs his scenes and displays them in exhibitions. He often
has to lie down in the street next to the figures to take the photo from his subjects’
perspective.
The artist says that working in the street can be difficult because people or police
stop to ask what he’s doing. He also has to wait until the light or weather conditions
are right so that the characters look real in their environments and don’t just look like
little plastic toys. His themes seem to be about the sadness of city life, and his scenes
usually tell stories of fear and loneliness. He says that although we may think of places
around the world as being very different, people experience the same kind of feelings.
After Slinkachu takes his photo, he leaves his little people for others to find and
collect. He likes to think that their stories continue, just like those of real people we
pass in the street in a moment and never see again.

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 2 Read. Then tick T for True or F for False. Rewrite the false statements to make them true.
T F
1. Slinkachu’s figures fit into the eye of a needle. ✓

2. Each miniature scene tells a story. ✓

3. He takes photos of his figures from their perspective. ✓

4. He also takes photos of people in the street. ✓

5. The right weather conditions are important for making ✓

his characters look realistic.

6. He uses the same figures in different settings. ✓

1. They are one centimetre in size.

4. People in the street stop to ask him what he’s doing.

6. He leaves his figures for others to find.

3 Take notes. Use the table to compare Willard Wigan and Slinkachu.

Willard Wigan Slinkachu

British sculptor, interested in British artist
micro-sculpting when 5, had
Artist
dyslexia as a child and was told
he was a failure.
Miniature figures made from Buys and paints figures from
Medium nylon, spider web, no glue, rarely train sets. Glues the figures to
paints each scene.
It’s a long, difficult process. He People in the street, weather
Challenges
has to slow his breathing. conditions
To show the world that little Scenes depict fear and
things can be the biggest loneliness of big cities, people
Theme/Purpose
things. They can make you feel experience similar things all
big. over the world.

4
7 Write. How many ideas can you think of for using a tennis ball? Be creative. Possible answer
tennis ball: can be halved and used to silence chair legs on floor, a puppet head, back
massage on a chair seat; halved and used as a dish / flower pot, use as a piggy bank,
squeezed to exercise hand muscles

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 Gr ammar
Two- and three-word verbs
Separable Inseparable

The museum put up his paintings. He looked after his camera equipment.
The museum put his paintings up. He looked after it.
The museum put them up. She looked up at the images on the ceiling.
She looked up at them.

Some two-word verbs can be separated, but others cannot.

Many two-word verbs need an object. With separable verbs, the object can go either between
the two parts or after: He put his camera away. OR He put away his camera.

If the object is a pronoun, it must always come between the two parts: He put it away.

With inseparable two-word and three-word verbs, the object and object pronoun can only go
after the verb parts: He flew over the rain forest. He flew over it. He looked forward to the
exhibition. He looked forward to it.

1 Listen. In your notebook, write each sentence replacing the object you hear with an object
pronoun. Then underline the two- and three-word verbs. 039

1. They cleaned it off.

2 Re-write each sentence twice. First, move the position of the object if it is possible. Then,
replace the object with a pronoun.
1. The police tracked down the art thief.

The police tracked the art thief down. The police tracked him/her down.

2. They put away the equipment.

They put the equipment away. They put it away.

3. She went up to the famous photographer.

She went up to him/her. (Separation isn’t possible.)

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 3 Read this student’s presentation and underline the two- and three-word verbs. Then
use an underlined verb phrase from the text and rewrite each sentence so that it has
the same meaning.
Today I looked up my favourite artist, Frida Kahlo,
for a presentation. I found out that she grew up
in Mexico and started off painting in bed after a
terrible accident. She was a determined woman,
though. She put up with a lot of pain and got on
with her life. Most of her paintings are self-portraits
showing her suffering. Their bright, bold colours
and painful details really draw viewers in.

She fell in love with and married the famous

Mexican artist, Diego Rivera, after she asked for his
opinion about her artwork.

Later on in her life, Frida went off to Paris. People raved about her work and she
met other famous artists, such as Pablo Picasso. Years later, back in Mexico, she
had her first solo exhibition. But because she had become ill again, she turned
up at the opening of her exhibition in an ambulance. She had to be picked up
and carried on a bed. You have to totally admire her and her paintings!

1. The writer researched the artist. The writer looked up the artist.

2. The writer discovered information. The writer found out the information.

3. Frida spent her childhood in Mexico. Frida grew up in Mexico.

4. She began painting in bed. She started off painting in bed.

5. Frida accepted a painful situation. Frida put up with a lot of pain.

6. She continued with her life. She got on with her life.

7. Her paintings attracted viewers. Her paintings drew viewers in.

8. Frida realised she loved Diego Rivera. Frida fell in love with Diego Rivera.

9. Frida wanted to know what Diego thought. Frida asked for his opinion.

10. People were enthusiastic about Frida’s work. People raved about Frida’s work.

11. She arrived at the opening in an ambulance.She turned up at the opening in an ambulance.
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 Writing
When you review a piece of art, include both facts and opinions. Find out about the artist and
the context in which he/she produced the art. Use this information to help you understand the
art and form your own opinion about it.
Make sure you answer these questions in your review:
• What do you see? • What is your reaction to the work?
• How did the artist create the work? • How does it make you feel?
• Why did the artist create the work? • What does it make you think of?

1 Organise.
16

1. Your task is to write a review of a piece of artwork that you have seen in this unit or
elsewhere. Choose a piece of artwork. Do some research about the work and the artist
and write the answers to the questions in the table below.

What do you see? How did the artist create the work?

Why did the artist create the work? What is your reaction to the work?

2. Plan your writing. You’ll need an introductory paragraph with a topic sentence. Your topic
sentence will introduce the artwork you are going to review. Write your topic sentence
here:

You’ll need body paragraphs with answers for each question. Remember to include facts
and opinions.

Your concluding paragraph will describe your feelings and reaction to the artwork.

2 Write.
1. Go to page 139 in your book. Re-read the model and writing prompt.
2. Write your first draft. Check for organisation, content, punctuation, capitalisation
and spelling.
3. Write your final draft. Share it with your teacher and classmates.
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 Now I can ...
o Yes, I can!
• talk about how art connects us across time and cultures. o I think I can.
Possible answers o I need more practice.
How can we connect with a cave drawing that is over 40,000 years old?
It helps us understand what life was like thousands of years ago.

o Yes, I can!
• use reported speech to describe what others say. o I think I can.
o I need more practice.
Use different reporting verbs to report the following:

1. ‘I have been honoured by the Queen.’

The sculptor explained that he/she had been honoured by the Queen .

2. ‘You must look for Kobra’s murals in Brazil next week.’

My friend said I had to look for Kobra’s murals in Brazil the following week .

o Yes, I can!
• use two- and three-word verbs. Possible answers o I think I can.
o I need more practice.
Choose one separable, one inseparable two-word verb, and one three-word verb.
Write two sentences with each. First, use an object and then replace it with an object pronoun.

1. I took down my posters./I took my posters down. I took them down.

2. The museum looks after its artwork. The museum looks after it.

3. She was looking forward to her next art project. She was looking forward to it.

• write a review of a piece of art. o Yes, I can!

o I think I can.
Answer the questions about Eduardo Kobra’s mural. o I need more practice.
1. What do you see?

It’s a mural that depicts a man/person.

2. How does the artist create his artwork?

He uses a technique of repeating squares and triangles.

3. Why do you think he paints?

He wants to remind us of famous people’s accomplishments.

4. What is your reaction to his work?

I feel curiosity and admiration for his subjects. / It connects me to the past.

you decide Choose an activity. Go to page 96. 87

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 Units 7–8 Review
1 Read. Choose the best answer to fill in each blank.
The (1) b of our lives by robotics and artificial intelligence has become a constant
theme of modern times. Fifty years ago, the (2) a of ‘do-it-yourself’ was popular. People
seemed more (3) b in everyday tasks ranging from cooking and shopping to more (4) c
jobs such as putting up shelves or fixing the car.
Now a laptop can (5) a what problems our car engine may have. Computers can collect
information and (6) c it. We often talk to our (7) b devices and they respond with our
favourite music or with directions to the closest shopping centre.
While it’s true that robots can do tasks (8) b well, humans will still need to (9) a
problems creatively. For example, when there is a systems (10) c with our computer
programs or when we need to (11) b whose fault it is when a driverless car crashes into
another, we will probably need a human brain to analyse the problem!
What’s clear is that technology will give us more free time to be (12) a and creative, and
interact with each other in more personal ways!
1. a. innovation b. transformation c. approach
2. a. concept b. software c. device
3. a. decorative b. resourceful c. symbolic
4. a. computer b. affordable c. hands-on
5. a. detect b. turn away c. inspire
6. a. discourage b. solve c. interpret
7. a. primitive b. wireless c. affordable
8. a. slightly b. amazingly c. hardly
9. a. solve b. turn away c. inspire
10. a. application b. hardware c. failure
11. a. look forward to b. work out c. rave about
12. a. innovative b. persistent c. failures

2 Listen. Then underline the best ending for each statement. 040

1. You can see Kobra’s work inside exhibition centres / on walls in cities.

2. His accomplishment comes from a combination of colour and the people he paints /
brushes and the spray cans he uses.

3. Kobra’s portraits take us back in time / are copied from books in bookshops.

4. Before Kobra paints, he changes his clothes and behaviour / researches his own themes.

5. One of the reasons he paints is to see if he can get away with painting on buildings /
to help preserve historical buildings.
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 3 Read. Fill in each blank with a word from the box. Make any necessary changes
to the verbs.

draw in get off look down on look forward to point out

rave about stay track down work out

Last year, my parents planned a holiday on a tiny island in the Atlantic. It wasn’t
the Caribbean, but it still sounded great. ‘We’re going to stay in a really nice hotel,’ my
mum (1) pointed out and quickly added, ‘and you’ll have Internet!’ I was really
(2) looking forward to it. I repeated, ‘I can’t wait’ throughout the day. A few weeks
later, it was a different story. I wished we (3) had stayed at home. As we (4)
got off the plane, there was nothing but rocks. We (5) tracked down
a bus and arrived at the hotel 20 minutes later. We immediately realised it wasn’t the
hotel in the brochure. It didn’t (6) look down on a beach but on a green football
field. ‘But people (7) raved about this place,’ I thought, ‘and the reviews were
excellent!’ Mum went to the front desk and tried to (8) work out what had
gone wrong. When she came back to the room, she slowly explained, ‘There was a storm
on the other island yesterday and there is no electricity. They moved us to this island
instead.’ ‘Once there is power again, we can move to the other island,’ my dad said. Well,
at least I was able to get online so that I could talk to my friends. And we discovered a
beautiful beach on the other side of the island! Maybe it wasn’t so bad
after all!

4 Underline the direct speech in Activity 3. Finish the sentences

by rewriting the direct speech as reported speech.
1. Her mother pointed out that they
were going to stay in a very nice hotel .

2. She added that her daughter would have Internet .

3. The daughter repeated that she couldn’t wait .

4. The daughter thought to herself how people had raved about the place

and that the reviews had been excellent .

5. Her mother explained that there had been a storm on the other island the day before

and there was no electricity. They had moved them to this island instead .

6. Her father commented that once there was power again, they could move

to the other island .

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