Units and

1 Measurements
Topic-1: Unit of Physical Quantities

F2
1 MCQs with One Correct Answer (C) , F – Force, (r) (metre)2 (second)–2
q2 B 2
1. The SI unit of inductance, the henry can be written as q – charge,
[1998 - 2 Marks] B – magnetic field
(a) weber/ampere (b) volt-sec/amp GM e
(c) Joule/(ampere)2 (d) ohm-second (D) , G – universal (s) (farad) (volt)2 (kg)–1
Re
7 Match the Following Me – mass of the earth,
Re – radius of the earth [2007]
2. Column I Column II
3. Column I Column II
(A) GMeMs , G – (p) (volt) (coulomb)(metre) (A) Capacitance (i) ohm-second
universal gravitational (B) Inductance (ii) coulomb2–joule–1
constant, (C) Magnetic Induction (iii) coulomb (volt)–1
Me – mass of the earth, (iv) newton (amp-metre)–1
(v) volt-second (ampere)–1
Ms – mass of the Sun [1990 - 3 Marks]
3RT
(B) , R – universal (q) (kilogram) (metre)3 10 Subjective Problems
M
gas constant, (second)–2 4. Give the MKS units for each of the following quantities.
T – absolute temperature, (A) Young’s modulus [1980]
M – molar mass (B) Magnetic Induction (C) Power of a lens

Topic-2: Dimensions of Physical Quantities

1 MCQs with One Correct Answer Measurement Main scale Circular scale
condition reading reading
1. Young's modulus of elasticity Y is expressed in terms of
three derived quantities, namely, the gravitational constant Two arms of gauge 0 division 4 divisions
G, Planck's constant h and the speed of light c, as touching each other
without wire
Y = cahbGg. Which of the following is the correct option?
[Adv. 2023] Attempt-1: With wire 4 divisions 20 divisions
(a) a = 7, b = –1, g = –2 (b) a = –7, b = –1, g = –2 Attempt-2: With wire 4 divisions 16 divisions
(c) a = 7, b = –1, g = 2 (d) a = –7, b = 1, g = –2 What are the diameter and cross-sectional area of the wire
2. Area of the cross-section of a wire is measured using a measured using the screw gauge?
screw gauge. The pitch of the main scale is 0.5 mm. The (a) 2.22 ± 0.02 mm, p(1.23 ± 0.02)mm2
circular scale has 100 divisions and for one full rotation of (b) 2.22 ± 0.01 mm, p(1.23 ± 0.01)mm2
the circular scale, the main scale shifts by two divisions. (c) 2.14 ± 0.02 mm, p(1.14 ± 0.02)mm2
The measured readings are listed below. [Adv. 2022] (d) 2.14 ± 0.01 mm, p(1.14 ± 0.01)mm2
A2 Physics

3. Let [ Î0 ] denote the dimensional formula of the permittivity dimensions of Y in MKSQ sytem are _________,
of vacuum. If M = mass, L = length, T = time and A = electric ________. [1988 - 2 Marks]
current, then: [2012] 13. Planck’s constant has dimension ________.
(a) Î0 = [M–1 L–3 T2 A] (b) Î0 = [M–1 L–3 T4 A2] [1985 - 2 Marks]
(c) Î0 = [M1 L2 T1 A2] (d) Î0 = [M1 L2 T1 A] 6 MCQs with One or More than One Correct Answer
4. Which of the following set have different dimensions? ur ur ur ur
(a) Pressure, Young’s modulus , Stress [2005S] 14. A physical
ur quantity S is
ur defined as S = ( E ´ B) / µ0 ,
(b) EMF, Potential difference, Electric potential where E is electric field, B is magnetic fieldur and µ0 is the
(c) Heat, Work done, Energy permeability of free space. The dimensions of S are the same
(d) Dipole moment, Electric flux, Electric field as the dimensions of which of the following quantities ?
a az
Pressure depends on distance as, P = exp æç - ö÷ ,
[Adv. 2021]
5.
b è kq ø Energy Force
where a, b are constants, z is distance, k is Boltzman’s (a) (b)
Charge × Current Length × Time
constant and q is temperature. The dimension of b are
(a) M0L0T0 (b) M–1L–1T –1 [2004S] Energy Power
(c) (d)
0
(c) M L T 2 0 (d) M–1L1T 2 Volume Area
DV 15. Sometimes it is convenient to construct a system of units
6. A quantity X is given by e 0 L where Î0 is the so that all quantities can be expressed in terms of only one
Dt
permittivity of the free space, L is a length, DV is a potential physical quantity. In one such system, dimensions of
difference and Dt is a time interval. The dimensional formula different quantities are given in terms of a quantity X as
for X is the same as that of [2001S] follows:
(a) resistance (b) charge [position] = [Xa]; [speed] = [Xb]; [acceleration] =[Xp];
(c) voltage (d) current [linear momentum] = [Xq]; [force] = [Xr]. Then [Adv. 2020]

The dimension of æç ö÷ e 0 E 2 ( e 0 : permittivity of free

1 (a) a + p = 2b (b) p + q - r = b
7.
è 2ø
space, E electric field) [2000S] (c) p - q + r = a (d) p + q + r = b
(a) MLT–1 (b) ML2T–2 16. Let us consider a system of units in which mass and
(c) ML–1T–2 (d) ML2T–1 angular momentum are dimensionless. If length has
dimensions of L, which of the following statement(s) is/
2 Integer Value Answer are correct? [Adv. 2019]
8. In a particular system of units, a physical quantity can be (a) The dimension of force is L –2
expressed in terms of the electric charge e, electron mass
m e, Planck's constant h, and Coulomb's constant (b) The dimension of linear momentum is L–1
(c) The dimension of energy is L–2
1
k= ,
4p Î0 where Î0 is the permittivity of vacuum. In (d) The dimension of power is L–5
terms of these physical constants, the dimension of the 17. A length–scale (l) depends on the permittivity (e) of a
dielectric material. Boltzmann constant (kB), the absolute
magnetic field is [B] = [e]a [me]b [h]g [k]d . The value of a + temperature (T), the number per unit volume (n) of certain
b + g + d is ____ . [Adv. 2022] charged particles, and the charge (q) carried by each of
9. To find the distance d over which a signal can be seen the particles. Which of the following expression(s) for I
clearly in foggy conditions, a railways-engineer uses is(are) dimensionally correct? [Adv. 2016]
dimensions and assumes that the distance depends on
the mass density r of the fog, intensity (power/area) S of æ nq2 ö æ ek B T ö
the light from the signal and its frequency f. The engineer (a) l = ç ÷ (b) l = çç ÷
ç ek BT ÷ 2 ÷
finds that d is proportional to S1/n. The value of n is è ø è nq ø
[Adv. 2014]
æ q2 ö æ q2 ö
4 Fill in the Blanks (c) l = ç ÷ (d) l = ç ÷
ç en k T ÷
2/3 ç en k T ÷
1/3
è B ø è B ø
10. The dimension of electrical conductivity is _________.
[1997 - 1 Mark] 18. In terms of potential difference V, electric current I,
11. The equation of state for real gas is given by permittivity e0, permeability m0 and speed of light c, the
æ a ö dimensionally correct equation(s) is(are) [Adv. 2015]
çè P + 2 ÷ø (V - b) = RT . The dimensions of the constant (a) m0I2 = e0V2 (b) e0I = m0V
V
a is _________. [1997 - 2 Marks] (c) I = e0cV (d) m0cI = e0V
12. In the formula X = 3YZ 2, X and Z have dimensions of 19. Planck’s constant h, speed of light c and gravitational
capacitance and magnetic induction respectively. The constant G are used to form a unit of length L and a unit of
mass M. Then the correct option(s) is(are) [Adv. 2015]
Units and Measurements A3

(a) M µ (b) M µ 24. Match the physical quantities given in column I with
c G
dimensions expressed in terms of mass (M), length (L),
(c) L µ h (d) L µ G time (T), and charge (Q) given in column II and write the
correct answer against the matched quantity in a tabular
20. Let [e 0 ] denote the dimensional formula of the permittivity form in your answer book. [1983 - 6 Marks]
of the vacuum, and [m 0 ] that of the permeability of the Column I Column II
vacuum. If M = mass, L = length, T = time and I = electric Angular momentum ML2T–2
current, [1998 - 2 Marks] Latent heat ML2Q–2
Torque ML2T–1
(a) [e 0 ] = M -1 L-3 T 2 Ι (b) [e 0 ] = M -1 L-3 T 4 Ι 2 Capacitance ML3T–1Q–2
Inductance M –1 L –2 T 2 Q2
(c) [m 0 ] = M LT -2 Ι -2 (d) [m 0 ] = M L2T -1 Ι Resistivity L2T –2
21. The pairs of physical quantities that have the same 8 Comprehension/Passage Based Questions
dimensions is (are) : [1995S]
(a) Reynolds number and coefficient of friction Passage
(b) Curie and frequency of a light wave In electromagnetic theory, the electric and magnetic phenomena
(c) Latent heat and gravitational potential are related to each other. Therefore, the dimensions of electric
(d) Planck’s constant and torque and magnetic quantities must also be related to each other. In
22. The dimensions of the quantities in one (or more) of the the questions below, [E] and [B] stand for dimensions of electric
following pairs are the same. Identify the pair (s) and magnetic fields respectively, while [e0] and [m0] stand for
(a) Torque and Work [1986 - 2 Marks] dimensions of the permittivity and permeability of free space
(b) Angular momentum and Work respectively. [L] and [T] are dimensions of length and time
(c) Energy and Young’s modulus respectively. All the quantities are given in SI units. [Adv. 2018]
(d) Light year and Wavelength 25. The relation between [E] and [B] is
(a) [E] = [B][L][T] (b) [E] = [B] [L]–1 [T]
7 Match the Following (c) [E] = [B] [L] [T] –1 (d) [E]=[B] [L]–1 [T]–1
23. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer 26. The relation between [e0] and [m0] is
using the codes given below the lists: [Adv. 2013] (a) [m0] = [e0] [L]2 [T]–2 (b) [m0] = [e0] [L]–2 [T]2
–1 2
(c) [m0] = [e0] [L] [T] –2 (d) [m0] = [e0]–1 [L]–2 [T]2
List I List II
P. Boltzmann constant 1. [ML2T-1] 10 Subjective Problems
Q. Coefficient of viscosity 2. [ML–1T–1]
27. Write the dimensions of the following in terms of mass,
R. Planck constant 3. [MLT–3K–1]
time, length and charge [1982 - 2 Marks]
S. Thermal conductivity 4. [ML2T–2K–1] (i) magnetic flux
Codes: (ii) rigidity modulus
P Q R S 28. A gas bubble, from an explosion under water, oscillates
(a) 3 1 2 4 (b) 3 2 1 4 with a period T proportional to p a d b E c. Where ‘P’ is the
(c) 4 2 1 3 (d) 4 1 2 3 static pressure, ‘d’ is the density of water and ‘E’ is the total
energy of the explosion. Find the values of a, b and c.
[1981- 3 Marks]

Topic-3: Errors in Measurements & Experimental Physics

(a) 3.07 cm (b) 3.11 cm

1 MCQs with One Correct Answer
(c) 3.15 cm (d) 3.17 cm
1. The smallest division on the main scale of a Vernier calipers 2. A person measures the depth of a well by measuring the
is 0.1 cm. Ten divisions of the Vernier scale correspond to time interval between dropping a stone and receiving the
nine divisions of the main scale. The figure below on the sound of impact with the bottom of the well. The error in
left shows the reading of this calipers with no gap between his measurement of time is dT = 0.01 seconds and he
its two jaws. The figure on the right shows the reading with measures the depth of the well to be L = 20 meters. Take
a solid sphere held between the jaws. The correct diameter the acceleration due to gravity g = 10 ms–2 and the velocity
of the sphere is [Adv. 2021] of sound is 300 ms–1. Then the fractional error in the
0 main scale 1 3 main scale 4
measurement, dL/L, is closest to [Adv. 2017]
(a) 0.2% (b) 1% (c) 3% (d) 5%
3. There are two Vernier calipers both of which have 1 cm
divided into 10 equal divisions on the main scale. The
Vernier scale of one of the calipers (C1) has 10 equal
0 Vernier scale 10 0 10 divisions that correspond to 9 main scale divisions. The
A4 Physics

Vernier scale of the other caliper (C2) has 10 equal divisions measures the diameter of the wire to be 0.4 mm with an
that correspond to 11 main scale divisions. The readings uncertainty of ± 0.01 mm. Take g = 9.8 m/s2 (exact). The
of the two calipers are shown in the figure. The measured Young's modulus obtained from the reading is [2007]
values (in cm) by calipers C1 and C2, respectively, are (a) (2.0 ± 0.3) × 1011 N/m2 (b) (2.0 ± 0.2) × 1011 N/m2
[Adv. 2016]
2 3 4 (c) (2.0 ± 0.1) × 1011 N/m2 (d) (2.0 ± 0.05) × 1011 N/m2
C1 9. A student performs an experiment for determination of
æ 4p 2 l ö
0 5 10 gç= ÷ . The error in length l is Dl and in time T is DT
è T2 ø
2 3 4
and n is number of times the reading is taken. The
C2 measurement of g is most accurate for [2006 - 3M, –1]
0 5 10
Dl DT n
(a) 2.85 and 2.82 (b) 2.87 and 2.83 (a) 5 mm 0.2 sec 10
(c) 2.87 and 2.86 (d) 2.87 and 2.87 (b) 5mm 0.2 sec 20
4. The diameter of a cylinder is measured using a Vernier (c) 5 mm 0.1 sec. 10
callipers with no zero error. It is found that the zero of the (d) 1mm 0.1 sec 50
Vernier scale lies between 5.10 cm and 5.15 cm of the main 10. In a screw gauge, the zero of mainscale coincides with
scale. The Vernier scale has 50 divisions equivalent to 2.45 fifth division of circular scale in figure (i). The circular
cm. The 24th division of the Vernier scale exactly coincides division of screw gauge are 50. It moves 0.5 mm on main
with one of the main scale divisions. The diameter of the scale in one rotation. The diameter of the ball in figure (ii)
cylinder is [Adv. 2013] is [2006 - 3M, –1]
0
(a) 5.112 cm (b) 5.124 cm 10
5
(c) 5.136 cm (d) 5.148 cm 0

æ 4 MLg ö
5. In the determination of Young’s modulus ç Y = ÷
è pld 2 ø
by using Searle’s method, a wire of length L = 2 m and
Figure (i)
diameter d = 0.5 mm is used. For a load M = 2.5 kg, an 0
extension l = 0.25 mm in the length of the wire is observed. 30
25
Quantities d and l are measured using a screw gauge and 20

a micrometer, respectively. They have the same pitch of

0.5 mm. The number of divisions on their circular scale is
100. The contributions to the maximum probable error of
the Y measurement [2012] Figure (ii)
(a) due to the errors in the measurements of d (a) 2.25 mm (b) 2.20 mm
and l are the same. (c) 1.20 mm (d) 1.25 mm
(b) due to the error in the measurement of d is twice that 11. A wire of length l = 6 ± 0.06 cm and radius r = 0.5 ± 0.005 cm
due to the error in the measurement of l . and mass m = 0.3 ± 0.003 gm. Maximum percentage error in
(c) due to the error in the measurement of l is twice that density is [2004S]
due to the error in the measurement of d. (a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 6.8
(d) due to the error in the measurement of d is four times 12. A cube has a side of length 1.2 × 10–2m. Calculate its volume.
that due to the error in the measurement of l. (a) 1.7 × 10–6 m3 (b) 1.73 × 10–6 m3 [2003S]
6. The density of a solid ball is to be determined in an (c) 1.70 × 10–6 m3 (d) 1.732 × 10–6 m3
experiment. The diameter of the ball is measured with a
screw gauge, whose pitch is 0.5 mm and there are 50 2 Integer Value Answer
divisions on the circular scale. The reading on the main
scale is 2.5 mm and that on the circular scale is 20 divisions. 13. In an experiment for determination of the focal length of a
If the measured mass of the ball has a relative error of 2 %, thin convex lens, the distance of the object from the lens
the relative percentage error in the density is [2011] is 10 ± 0.1 cm and the distance of its real image from the
(a) 0.9 % (b) 2.4 % (c) 3.1 % (d) 4.2 % lens is 20 ± 0.2 cm. The error in the determination of focal
7. A vernier calipers has 1 mm marks on the main scale. It has length of the lens is n%. The value of n is _____.
20 equal divisions on the Vernier scale which match with 16 [Adv. 2023]
main scale divisions. For this Vernier calipers, the least count 14. The energy of a system as a function of time t is given as
is [2010] E(t) = A2 exp(–at,) where a = 0.2 s–1. The measurement of
(a) 0.02 mm (b) 0.05 mm (c) 0.1 mm (d) 0.2 mm A has an error of 1.25%. If the error in the measurement of
8. A student performs an experiment to determine the Young's time is 1.50%, the percentage error in the value of E(t) at
modulus of a wire, exactly 2 m long, by Searle's method. In t = 5 s is [Adv. 2015]
a particular reading, the student measures the extension in 15. During Searle’s experiment, zero of the Vernier scale lies
the length of the wire to be 0.8 mm with an uncertainty between 3.20 × 10–2 m and 3.25 × 10–2 m of the main scale.
The 20th division of the Vernier scale exactly coincides
of ± 0.05 mm at a load of exactly 1.0 kg. The student also
Units and Measurements A5

with one of the main scale divisions. When an additional

load of 2 kg is applied to the wire, the zero of the Vernier 7(R - r)
motion is T = 2p . The values of R and r are
scale still lies between 3.20 × 10–2 m and 3.25 × 10–2 m of 5g
the main scale but now the 45th division of Vernier scale measured to be (60 ± 1) mm and (10 ± 1) mm, respectively.
coincides with one of the main scale divisions. The length In five successive measurements, the time period is found
of the thin metallic wire is 2 m and its cross-sectional area to be 0.52s, 0.56s, 0.57s, 0.54s and 0.59s. The least count of
is 8 × 10–7 m2. The least count of the Vernier scale is 1.0 × the watch used for the measurement of time period is 0.01s.
10–5 m. The maximum percentage error in the Young’s Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true?
modulus of the wire is [Adv. 2014]
[Adv. 2016]
3 Numeric / New Stem Based Questions (a) The error in the measurement of r is 10%
16. An optical bench has 1.5 m long scale having four equal (b) The error in the measurement of T is 3.75%
divisions in each cm. While measuring the focal length of (c) The error in the measurement of T is 2%
a convex lens, the lens is kept at 75 cm mark of the scale (d) The error in the determined value of g is 11%
and the object pin is kept at 45 cm mark. The image of the 22. Consider a Vernier callipers in which each 1 cm on the
object pin on the other side of the lens overlaps with main scale is divided into 8 equal divisions and a screw
image pin that is kept at 135 cm mark. In this experiment, gauge with 100 divisions on its circular scale. In the Vernier
the percentage error in the measurement of the focal length callipers, 5 divisions of the Vernier scale coincide with 4
of the lens is ___ [Adv. 2019] divisions on the main scale and in the screw gauge, one
17. A steel wire of diameter 0.5 mm and Young’s modulus complete rotation of the circular scale moves it by two
2 × 1011 N m–2 carries a load of mass M. The length of the divisions on the linear scale. Then : [Adv. 2015]
wire with the load is 1.0 m. A vernier scale with 10 divisions (a) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the least count
is attached to the end of this wire. Next to the steel wire is of the Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
a reference wire to which a main scale, of least count 1.0 gauge is 0.01 mm
mm, is attached. The 10 divisions of the vernier scale (b) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the least count
correspond to 9 divisions of the main scale. Initially, the of the Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
zero of vernier scale coincides with the zero of main scale. gauge is 0.005 mm
If the load on the steel wire is increased by 1.2 kg, the (c) If the least count of the linear scale of the screw gauge
vernier scale division which coincides with a main scale is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers, the
division is __________. Take g =10 m s–2 and p = 3.2. least count of the screw gauge is 0.01 mm
[Adv. 2018] (d) If the least count of the linear scale of the screw gauge
is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers, the
18. The side of a cube is measured by vernier callipers (10 least count of the screw gauge is 0.005 mm
divisions of a vernier scale coincide with 9 divisions of 23. Using the expression 2d sin q = l, one calculates the values
main scale, where 1 division of main scale is 1 mm). The of d by measuring the corresponding angles q in the range
main scale reads 10 mm and first division of vernier scale
0 to 90°. The wavelength l is exactly known and the error
coincides with the main scale. Mass of the cube is 2.736 g.
Find the density of the cube in appropriate significant in q is constant for all values of q. As q increases from 0°
figures. [2005 - 2 Marks] [Adv. 2013]
(a) The absolute error in d remains constant
19. In Searle’s experiment, which is used to find Young’s
Modulus of elasticity, the diameter of experimental wire is (b) The absolute error in d increases
D = 0.05 cm (measured by a scale of least count 0.001 cm) (c) The fractional error in d remains constant
and length is L = 110 cm (measured by a scale of least (d) The fractional error in d decreases
count 0.1 cm). A weight of 50 N causes an extension of X 24. A student uses a simple pendulum of exactly 1m length to
= 0.125 cm (measured by a micrometer of least count determine g, the acceleration due to gravity. He uses a
0.001cm). Find maximum possible error in the values of stop watch with the least count of 1 sec for this and records
Young’s modulus. Screw gauge and meter scale are free 40 seconds for 20 oscillations. For this observation, which
from error. [2004 - 2 Marks] of the following statement(s) is (are) true? [2010]
20. A screw gauge having 100 equal divisions and a pitch of (a) Error DT in measuring T, the time period, is 0.05 seconds
length 1 mm is used to measure the diameter of a wire of (b) Error DT in measuring T, the time period, is 1 second
length 5.6 cm. The main scale reading is 1 mm and 47th circular (c) Percentage error in the determination of g is 5%
division coincides with the main scale. Find the curved (d) Percentage error in the determination of g is 2.5%
surface area of wire in cm2 to appropriate significant figure.
8 Comprehension/Passage Based Questions
22
(use p = ). [2004 - 2 Marks] Passage
7
If the measurement errors in all the independent quantities are
6 MCQs with One or More than One Correct Answer known, then it is possible to determine the error in any
21. In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to grav- dependent quantity. This is done by the use of series expansion
ity g, the formula used for the time period of a periodic and truncating the expansion at the first power of the error. For
example, consider the relation z = x/y. If the errors in x, y and z
are Dx, Dy and Dz, respectively, then
A6 Physics

x ± Dx x æ Dx ö æ Dy ö
–1 measurement of a is Da (Da/a = 1, then what is the error
z ± Dz = = ç 1 ± ÷ç 1 ± ÷ . Dr in determining r?
y ± Dy yè x øè y ø
–1 Da 2D a 2D a 2a D a
æ Dy ö (a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d)
The series expansion for ç1 ± ÷ , to first power in Dy/y, is (1 + a) (1 + a ) (1 – a ) (1 – a 2 )
è y ø
26. In an experiment the initial number of radioactive nuclei
1 m (Dy/y). The relative errors in independent variables are
is 3000. It is found that 1000 ± 40 nuclei decayed in the
always added. So the error in z will be
æ Dx Dy ö
first 1.0 s. For |x| = 1, ln(1 + x) = x up to first power in x.
Dz = z ç + ÷. The error Dl, in the determination of the decay constant
è x y ø
l, in s–1, is
The above derivation makes the assumption that Dx/x = 1,
Dy/y = 1. Therefore, the higher powers of these quantities are (a) 0.04 (b) 0.03 (c) 0.02 (d) 0.01
neglected. [Adv. 2018] 10 Subjective Problems
(1 – a ) 27. If nth division of main scale coincides with (n+1)th divisions
25. Consider the ratio r = to be determined by
(1 + a ) of vernier scale. Given one main scale division is equal to
measuring a dimensionless quantity a. If the error in the ‘a’ units. Find the least count of the vernier.
[2003 - 2 Marks]

Topic-4: Miscellaneous (Mixed Concepts) Problems

free electrons are set to resonance together and all the energy is
8 Comprehension/Passage Based Questions
reflected. This is the explanation of high reflectivity of metals.
Passage [2011]
A dense collection of equal number of electrons and positive 1. Taking the electronic charge as ‘e’ and the permittivity as
ions is called neutral plasma. Certain solids containing fixed ‘e0’. Use dimensional analysis to determine the correct
positive ions surrounded by free electrons can be treated as expression for wp.
neutral plasma. Let ‘N’ be the number density of free electrons,
each of mass ‘m’. When the electrons are subjected to an electric Ne me0 Ne 2 Ne 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
field, they are displaced relatively away from the heavy positive me0 Ne me0 me0
ions. If the electric field becomes zero, the electrons begin to 2. Estimate the wavelength at which plasma reflection will
oscillate about the positive ions with a natural angular frequency occur for a metal having the density of electrons
‘wp’ which is called the plasma frequency. To sustain the N » 4 ´ 1027 m–3. Taking e0 = 10–11 and mass m » 10–30,
oscillations, a time varying electric field needs to be applied that where these quantities are in proper SI units.
has an angular frequency w, where a part of the energy is (a) 800 nm (b) 600 nm (c) 300 nm (d) 200 nm
absorbed and a part of it is reflected. As w approaches wp all the

Answer Key

Topic-1 : Unit of Physical Quantities

1. (a, b, c, d) 2. A ® p, q; B ® r, s; C ® r, s; D ® r, s
Topic-2 : Dimensions of Physical Quantities
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (4) 9. (3) 14. (b, d)
15. (a, b) 16. (a, b, c) 17. (b, d) 18. (a, c) 19. (a, c, d) 20. (b, c) 21. (a, b, c) 22. (a, d) 23. (c) 25. (c)
26. (d)
Topic-3 : Errors in Measurements & Experimental Physics
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (1) 14. (4) 15. (4) 16. (1.39) 17. (3.00) 18. (2.66 g cm–3)
19. (1.09 × 1010 N/m2) 20. (2.6 cm2) 21. (a, b, d)22. (b, c) 23. (d) 24. (a, c) 25. (b) 26. (c)

Topic-4 : Miscellaneous (Mixed Concepts) Problems

1. (c) 2. (b)