PADMAJA

AMBATTUR
 LESSON 3 CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.Identify the incorrect match. Name IUPAC Official Name
Name IUPAC Official Name
(A) Unnilunium (i) Mendelevium
(B) Unniltrium (ii) Lawrencium
(C) Unnilhexium (iii) Seaborgium
(D) Unununnium (iv) Darmstadtium
(a) (A), (i) (b) (B), (ii)
(c) (C), (iii) (d) (D), (iv)
2. An atom has electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 4s2 , you will place it in
(a) fifth group (b) fifteenth group
(c) second group (d) third group.
3. The electronic configuration of an element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 . What is the atomic number of the element,
which is just below the above element in the periodic table?
(a) 36 (b) 49
(c) 33 (d) 34
4. If the atomic number of an element is 33, it will be placed in the periodic table in the
(a) first group (b) third group
(c) fifth group (d) seventh group.
5. The electronic configuration of four elements are given below. Which elements does not belong to the same
family as others?
(a) [Xe]4f 145d104s2 (b) [Kr]4d105s2
(c) [Ne]3s2 3p5 (d) [Ar]3d104s2
6. For the second period elements the correct increasing order of first ionization enthalpy is
(a) Li < Be < B < C < O < N < F < Ne (b) Li < Be < B < C < N < O < F < Ne
(c) Li < B < Be < C < O < N < F < Ne (d) Li < B < Be < C < N < O < F < Ne
7. Which of the following oxides is most acidic in nature?
(a) MgO (b) BeO
(c) BaO (d) CaO

8. In which of the following options the order of arrangement does not agree with the variation of property
indicated against it?
(a) I < Br < Cl < F (increasing electron gain enthalpy)
(b) Li < Na < K < Rb (increasing metallic radius)
(c) Al3+ < Mg2+ < Na+ < F– (increasing ionic size)
(d) B < C < N < O (increasing first ionisation enthalpy)
9. Which of the following orders of ionic radii is correctly represented?
(a) H– > H+ > H
(b) Na+ > F– > O2–
(c) F– > O2– > Na+
(d) Al3+ > Mg2+ > N3–
10. Which one of the following arrangements represents the correct order of least negative to most negative
electron gain enthalpy for C, Ca, Al, F and O?
(a) Al < Ca < O < C < F
(b) Al < O < C < Ca < F
(c) C < F < O < Al < Ca
(d) Ca < Al < C < O < F
11. Which of the following oxides is amphoteric?
(a) SnO2 (b) CaO
2
(c) SiO (d) CO2
12.The correct order of the decreasing ionic radii among the following isoelectronic species is
(a) Ca2+ > K+ > S2– > Cl–
(b) Cl– > S2– > Ca2+ > K+
(c) S2– > Cl– > K+ > Ca2+
(d) K+ > Ca2+ > Cl– > S2–
13. Which of the following represents the correct order of increasing electron gain enthalpy with negative sign
for the elements O, S, F and Cl?
(a) Cl < F < O < S (b) O < S < F < Cl
(c) F < S < O < Cl (d) S < O < Cl < F
14. Among the elements Ca, Mg, P and Cl, the order of increasing atomic radii is
(a) Mg < Ca < Cl < P (b) Cl < P < Mg < Ca
(c) P < Cl < Ca < Mg (d) Ca < Mg < P < Cl
15. Among the following which one has the highest cation to anion size ratio?
(a) CsI (b) CsF
(c) LiF (d) NaF
16. Amongst the elements with following electronic configurations, which one of them may have the highest
ionisation energy?
(a) Ne [3s2 3p2 ] (b) Ar [3d10 4s2 4p3 ]
(c) Ne [3s2 3p1 ] (d) Ne [3s2 3p3 ]
17. . Identify the correct order of the size of the following.
(a) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl– < S2–
(b) Ar < Ca2+ < K+ < Cl– < S2–
(c) Ca2+ < Ar < K+ < Cl– < S2–
(d) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < S2– < Cl–
18. With which of the following electronic configuration an atom has the lowest ionisation enthalpy?
(a) 1s2 2s2 2p3 b) 1s2 2s2 2p5 3s1
(c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 (d) 1s2 2s2 2p5
19. Which one of the following ionic species has the greatest proton affinity to form stable compound?
(a) NH2 – (b) F–
(c) I– (d) HS–
20. . Which of the following is the most basic oxide?
(a) SeO2 (b) Al2O3
(c) Sb2O3 (d) Bi2O3
21. Ionic radii are
(a) inversely proportional to effective nuclear charge
(b) inversely proportional to square of effective nuclear charge
(c) directly proportional to effective nuclear charge
(d) directly proportional to square of effective nuclear charge..
22. . Which of the following order is wrong?
a) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 – acidic
(b) Li < Be < B < C – 1st IP
(c) Al2O3 < MgO < Na2O < K2O – basic
(d) Li+ < Na+ < K+ < Cs+ - ionic radius.
23. . Correct order of 1st ionisation potential among following elements Be, B, C, N, O is
(a) B < Be < C < O < N
(b) B < Be < C < N < O
(c) Be < B < C < N < O
(d) Be < B < C < O < N
24. Which of the following elements has the maximum electron affinity?
(a) I (b) Br (c) Cl (d) F
25. Which of the following ions is the largest in size?
(a) K+ (b) Ca2+ (c) Cl– (d) S2–
26. Which of the following has the smallest size?
(a) Al3+ (b) F– (c) Na+ (d) Mg2+
27. Among the following oxides, the one which is most basic is
(a) ZnO (b) MgO (c) Al2O3 (d) N2O5
28. Which of the following has largest size?
(a) Na (b) Na+ (c) Na– (d) Can’t be
predicted
29. Na+, Mg2+, Al3+ and Si4+ are isoelectronic. The order of their ionic size is
(a) Na+ > Mg2+ < Al3+ < Si4+
(b) Na+ < Mg2+ > Al3+ > Si4+
(c) Na+ > Mg2+ > Al3+ > Si4+
(d) Na+ < Mg2+ > Al3+ < Si4+

Ans: (d) : Within a period from left to right, atomic volume first decreases and then increases.
31. Which electronic configuration of an element has abnormally high difference between second and third
ionization energy?
(a) 1s2 , 2s2 , 2p6 , 3s1
(b) 1s2 , 2s2 , 2p6 , 3s1 , 3p1
(c) 1s2 , 2s2 , 2p6 , 3s2 , 3p2
(d) 1s2 , 2s2 , 2p6 , 3s2
32. One of the characteristic properties of non-metals is that they
(a) are reducing agents
(b) form basic oxides
(c) form cations by electron gain
(d) are electronegative.
33. Which one of the following has minimum value of cation/anion ratio?
(a) NaCl (b) KCl (c) MgCl2 (d) CaF2
34. Which of the following sets has strongest tendency to form anions?
(a) Ga, Ni, Tl (b) Na, Mg, Al (c) N, O, F (d) V, Cr, Mn
35. Elements of which of the following groups will form anions most readily?
(a) Oxygen family (b) Nitrogen family (c) Halogens (d) Alkali metals
1. Ans: (d) : Unnilunium – Mendelevium ⇒ (a)-(i)
ANSWERS:

Unniltrium – Lawrencium ⇒ (b)-(ii)

Unnilhexium – Seaborgium ⇒ (c)-(iii)
Unununnium – Roentgenium ⇒ (d)- (iv)
2.
Ans: (a) : The electronic configuration of an atom : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 4s2 In the
configuration, the last electron of the atom is filled in d-subshell as 3d3 . Thus, this element
belongs to d-block of the periodic table with group no. VB or 5.

3.
Ans: (c) : Atomic number of the given element is 15 and it belongs to group 15. Therefore
atomic number of the element below the above element = 15 + 18 = 33.
4.
Ans: (c) : Electronic configuration of an element with Z = 33 is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d104s2
4p3 . Hence, it lies in VA or 15th group.

5. Ans: . (c) : Elements (a), (b) and (d) belong to the same group since each one of them has
two electrons in valence shell. In contrast, element (c) has seven electrons in the valence
shell, and hence it lies in other group.

6. Ans: (c) : As we move across a period, ionisation enthalpy increases, because of increased
nuclear charge and decrease in atomic radii. However, abnormal values are observed for
Be, N and Ne due to extra stability of half filled and fully filled orbitals. Thus, the actual
order is, Li < B < Be < C < O < N < F < Ne.

7. Ans:( b) : In metals, on moving down the group, metallic character increases, so basic
nature increases hence most acidic will be BeO.

8. Ans: . (a, d) : The correct order of increasing negative electron gain enthalpy is : I < Br <
F < Cl due to electron-electron repulsion in small sized F atom and the correct order of
increasing first ionisation enthalpy is B < C < O < N due to extra stability of half-filled
orbitals in N-atom.

9. Ans: (None) : Cations lose electrons and are smaller in size than the parent atom,
whereas anions add electrons and are larger in size than the parent atom. Hence, the order
is H– > H > H+. For isoelectronic species, the ionic radii decreases with increase in atomic
number i.e., nuclear charge. Hence, the correct orders are O2– > F– > Na+ and N3– >
Mg2+ > Al3+
10. Ans: . (d) Electron gain enthalpy becomes less negative from top to bottom in a group
while it becomes more negative from left to right within a period.

11. Ans:( a) : SnO2 reacts with acid as well as base. So, SnO2 is an amphoteric oxide. SnO2
+ 4HCl → SnCl2 + 2H2O SnO2 + 2NaOH → Na2SnO3 + H2O CaO is basic in nature
while SiO2 and CO2 are acidic in nature

12. Ans: (c) : S2– > Cl– > K+ > Ca2+ Among isoelectronic species, ionic radii increases with
increase in negative charge. This happens because effective nuclear charge (Zeff) decreases.
Similarly, ionic radii decreases with increase in positive charge as Zeff increases.

13. ANS: (b) : Cl atom has the highest electron affinity in the periodic table. F being a
member of group 17 has higher electron gain enthalpy than S which belongs to group 16.
This in turn is higher than the electron affinity of O atom. Thus, Cl > F > S > O It is worth
noting that the electron gain enthalpy of oxygen and fluorine, the members of the second
period, have less negative values of electron gain enthalpy than the corresponding elements
sulphur and chlorine of the third period. This is due to small size of the atoms of oxygen
and fluorine. As a result, there is a strong inter-electronic repulsion when extra electron is
added to these atoms, i.e., electron density is high and the addition of an extra electron is
not easy

14. ANS: . (b) : The atomic radii decrease on moving from left to right in a period, thus
order of sizes for

Cl, P and Mg is Cl < P < Mg. Down the group size increases. Thus, overall order is Cl
< P < Mg < Ca.
15. Ans: (b) : The cation to anion size ratio will be maximum when the cation is of largest
size and the anion is of smallest size. Among the given species, Cs+ has maximum size
among given cations and F– has smallest size among given anions, thus CsF has highest
rc/ra ratio.

16. Ans: . (d) : Among options (a), (c) and (d), option (d) has the highest ionisation energy
because of extra stability associated with half-filled 3p-orbital. In option (b), the presence
of 3d10 electrons offers shielding effect, as a result the 4p3 electrons do not experience
much nuclear charge and hence, the electrons can be removed easily

17. Ans: . (a) : Among isoelectronic ions, ionic radii of anions is more than that of cations.
Further size of the anion increases with increase in negative charge and size of the cation
decreases with increase in positive charge.

18. Ans: . (b) : The larger the atomic size, smaller is the value of the ionisation enthalpy.
Again higher the screening effect, lesser is the value of ionisation potential. Hence, option
(b) has lowest ionisation enthalpy
19. Ans: (a) : In going from left to right across a period in the periodic table, the basicity
(i.e., proton affinity) decreases as the electro negativity of the atom possessing the lone pair
of electrons increases. Hence, basicity of NH2 – is higher than F–.

On moving down a group, as the atomic size increases, basicity decreases. Hence, F– is more
basic than I– and HO– is more basic than HS–. Hence, among the given ionic species, NH2 –
has maximum proton affinity

20. Ans: . (d) : SeO2 → acidic oxide, Al2O3, Sb2O3 → amphoteric, Bi2O3 → basic oxide.

21. Ans: (a)

22.
Ans: (b) : Li, Be, B, C - these elements belong to the same period. Generally the value of 1st ionisation
potential increases on moving from left to right in a period, since the nuclear charge of the elements also
increase in the same direction. But the ionisation potential of boron (B → 2s2 2p1 ) is lower than that of
beryllium (Be → 2s2 ), since in case of boron, 2p1 electron has to be removed to get B+ while in case of Be
(2s2 ), s-electron has to be removed to get Be+ (2s1 ). p-electron can be removed more easily than s-
electron so the energy required to remove electron will be less in case of boron. The order will be
Li < B < Be < C.
23.
Ans: (a) : The energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated
gaseous atom is called the ionisation energy. The ionisation potential increases as the size of
the atom decreases. Atoms with fully or partly filled orbitals have high ionisation potential.

24. Ans: (c) : Among the halogens the electron affinity value of ‘F’ should be maximum.
But due to small size there is inter-electronic repulsion thus, there is difficulty in entry of
new electrons. Thus, the E.A. value is slightly.

25. Ans: . (d) : Since all of these ions contain 18 electrons each, so these are isoelectronic.
For isoelectronic ions, the anion having large negative charge is the largest in size i.e., S 2–.

26. Ans: (a) : These are isoelectronic ions (ions with same number of electrons) and for
isoelectronic ions, greater the positive charge, greater is the force of attraction on the
electrons by the nucleus and the smaller is the size of the ion. Thus, Al3+ has the smallest
size.

27. Ans: (b) : Al2O3 and ZnO are amphoteric. N2O5 is strongly acidic. MgO is the most
basic.

28. Ans: (c) : The cations are always smaller than the neutral atom and anions are always
larger in size, Na– > Na > Na+
29. Ans(c) : In isoelectronic ions, the size of the cation decreases as the magnitude of the
positive charge increases.

30. In the periodic table from left to right in a period, the atomic volume
(a) decreases (b) increases (c) remains same (d)
first decreases then increases.
31. Ans:( d) : Abnormally high difference between 2nd and 3rd ionisation energy means
that the element has two valence electrons, which is a case in configuration (d).

32. Ans: . (d)

33. Ans: (c) : The order of ionic size for given ions will be K+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ and that of
Cl– > F–. Therefore, MgCl2 has minimum value of cation/anion (Mg2+/Cl–) ratio.

34. Ans:( c ) : N, O and F are highly electronegative nonmetals and will have the strongest
tendency to form anions by gaining electrons from metal atoms.

35.

Ans: (c) : As halogens have seven electrons (ns2 np5 ) in the valence shell, they have a
strong tendency to acquire the nearest inert gas configuration by gaining an electron from
the metallic atom and form halide ions easily.

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