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Fintech and
Sustainability
How Financial
Technologies Can Help
Address Today’s
Environmental and
Societal Challenges
Fintech and Sustainability
Thomas Walker · Harry J. Turtle ·
Maher Kooli · Elaheh Nikbakht
Editors
Fintech
and Sustainability
How Financial Technologies Can Help Address
Today’s Environmental and Societal Challenges
Editors
Thomas Walker Harry J. Turtle
John Molson School of Business Finance & Real Estate
Concordia University Colorado State University
Montreal, QC, Canada Fort Collins, CO, USA
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer
Nature Switzerland AG 2023
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the
Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights
of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on
microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and
retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc.
in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such
names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for
general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and informa-
tion in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither
the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with
respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been
made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps
and institutional affiliations.
This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature
Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
v
vi PREFACE
vii
Contents
Part I Introduction
1 Fintech and Sustainability: An Overview 3
Thomas Walker, Harry J. Turtle, Maher Kooli,
and Elaheh Nikbakht
ix
x CONTENTS
Index 233
Notes on Contributors
xi
xii NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS
The Fight
The first day on the range drew to a close with every man too tired to do
much talking. A meal from the chuck wagon restored their spirits
somewhat, but blankets were spread early and the full moon arose and
shone on the still forms of sleeping cow punchers.
Teddy did not resume his argument with Silent. When it was necessary
for him to speak to the wrangler he did so tersely and received nods in
answer. By noon of the second day the cattle were well bunched and on the
way to the cars, just above Eagles.
Wednesday morning, the third day out, their job was nearly completed.
There remained simply the loading.
Silent, dismounted, was waiting beside the runway to prevent the cattle
from swerving as they were driven up and into the cars. Roy had told him
that it would be safer mounted, but Silent grunted and Roy shrugged his
shoulders and walked away.
The puncher carried a double-thonged whip in his hand, a short, wicked
looking instrument. Suddenly Teddy, who was standing near, saw him slash
down with it and catch a cow full across the back. A red weal sprang up and
blood dripped from where he had struck.
Teddy, his cheeks burning, leaped from his horse and seized the
puncher’s arm.
“Let’s see that whip!” he cried, and yanked it toward him. Silent stood
quietly, a sardonic look on his face.
In the ends of the whip-thongs were set jagged pieces of tin, and to give
them weight just behind them were sewed lead “sinkers.”
Teddy, as he saw them, clenched his fists, and tossed the whip from him.
“So that’s it!” he exclaimed, and leaped. His first blow caught Silent on
the side of the face.
The puncher drew a sudden breath and shook his head to clear it. Then
he went into the fight.
The punchers of the neighborhood still talk about that scrap. Teddy, ten
pounds lighter than his antagonist, danced about, now getting in a blow and
stepping out, then in again. Silent fought with short, vicious swings. One of
these caught the boy fairly on the jaw, and he went down.
Roy rushed toward him, as did Nick and Bug Eye.
“Keep back!” Teddy yelled. “This is mine!”
He scrambled up and returned to the attack. The tide of battle now had
taken the fighters some distance from the cattle, which was fortunate,
otherwise one of them might have been stepped on or gored.
The other punchers stopped their work to watch. The cattle were quiet,
and there was no danger of a break. From all directions the railroad men
came running, quick to sense excitement. There was soon a circle of yelling
men about the two battlers.
“Sock him, Teddy, sock him!” Bug Eye shouted. “Atta baby!”
“Stick in there, Silent!” Jack Conroy implored. “I’m with you, anyhow!
Let him have it!”
Roy said nothing. He was watching the fight intently.
Teddy got in a straight right to the stomach, then a left to the face. But as
he did so Silent crossed him and sent Teddy staggering with a left that cut
the boy’s cheek. Both were breathing hard.
“Back at him, Teddy!” Nick yelled hoarsely. “Another to the bread-
basket!”
This was what Teddy did. He set himself, and drove his right fist into
Silent’s “bread-basket,” otherwise his stomach. Silent gave ground and the
circle opened. Teddy, seeing his chance, rushed in and planted a right to the
jaw.
But Silent did not fall. He gave more ground, and then, so suddenly that
no one was aware of it, he was in front of the cattle, between them and the
runway which led into the car that was being loaded.
There was a shout of warning. The cows, frightened at the strange figure
that was catapulted before them, moved restlessly, and one of them started
forward.
Silent saw the beast coming, but could not avoid those menacing horns.
Those near him heard a groan, and the puncher thrust out his hands, as
though to ward off the impending danger.
But it was Teddy, who was closest to him, Teddy, whose face was
dripping blood, that saved Silent’s life. There was but one thing to do, and
Teddy did it.
He left his feet and made a football dive toward Silent. His outstretched
arms swept the puncher from under the hoofs of that cow—from under the
sharp hoofs that would have trampled the puncher in another moment. The
cow went on up the runway and into the car. Teddy and Silent hit the
ground together, and were pulled from further danger by ready hands. The
fight was over.
The contestants were led into the shade of the station, and Roy put his
hands on Teddy’s shoulders.
“Let’s see,” he said.
The cut on Teddy’s cheek was red and angry looking, but not deep.
Silent was a bit worse, as one of his eyes was closed and he seemed unable
to walk straight. But he staggered over to Teddy.
“Buddy,” he said breathlessly, “thanks!”
Teddy nodded. “All right! Say—” he hesitated. “What was the idea of
hitting the cow with that thing?”
Silent touched his chin tenderly.
“Baby, you sure can sock! Oh, that cow? I saw her duck her head. She’d
have started a break in another second. I had to take her mind off it quick.
Sometimes cows are like that. Hey, I ain’t apologizin’!” This last rather
frantically. “What I done, I done! Only, I never hit a cow with that thing
unless there’s danger. I reckon—” he drew a deep breath—“I’ll sit down.”
Teddy stared at the man a moment. Somehow he seemed different, as
though there was something in him that had not been apparent before.
“You didn’t do it just out of meanness, then?”
Jack Conroy stepped forward.
“Mean?” he shouted. “Silent, mean? Say, buddy, he’s the kindest—”
“Buckle it up!” Silent tersely ordered from his place on the ground.
“This ain’t no debatin’ society.”
The men wandered away. Nick and Bug Eye returned to the cows. Teddy
bent down and thrust out his hand.
“Want to shake?” he asked quietly.
Silent got to his feet and eyed the boy in amazement.
“You mean I ain’t fired?”
“Not any! I didn’t get the idea, that was all. I thought you did it for fun.”
Silent grasped Teddy’s hand.
“Buddy,” he said feelingly, “you’re O. K. with me. I owe you plenty.”
He grinned. “Besides this here eye an’ jaw, I mean. Reckon I had ’em
comin’ to me.”
The hands gripped and parted. There was that pause that so often comes
when two people suddenly meet as friends. It was Roy who broke the
silence.
“Personally, I’d recommend a visit to the old pump for both of you,” he
said dryly. “You’re enough to scare any cows.”
“Let’s go,” Teddy suggested quickly. “There’s some water behind the
station. I have a clean handkerchief that’ll do for a towel.”
“An’ with that he walks off,” Conroy snickered. “Baby, wasn’t that a
scrap? Never saw the like. Fightin’ fools, them two. Silent, he ain’t no
slouch, let me tell you. Yet your brother certainly laid him out pretty. Laid
him out, an’ saved his life. Say, listen, Manley.” His tone grew more
serious. “Some people get a wrong slant on Silent. They think he’s ornery.
He ain’t, nothin’ like it. He’s just naturally quiet. Most people think his
breakfast soured on him. But if you’d had your brother shot down before
your eyes, an’ seen your old man try to get the killers an’ stop a bullet
hisself, I reckon—” he stopped in confusion. “An’ I promised Silent I
wouldn’t say nothin’ about it!” he declared regretfully.
“Did that happen to Neville?” Roy demanded.
“It sure did. They had a cabin about three hundred miles from here—
him, his dad, an’ brother. Then—well, here he is.”
“Who shot them?”
“Oh, a couple of waddies. Silent saw ’em, him lyin’ on a cot burnin’ up
with fever. He tried to get ’em, but, shucks, what could he do? They robbed
the shack of a thousand dollars in gold that old man Neville had just bought
from a miner and vamoosed. So here I am, an’ here Silent is.” He turned
away.
“I see,” Roy mused. “So that’s it? How long ago did this happen?”
“Three months.”
“Man, that’s tough lines!” Roy breathed. “Poor fellow! He’s alone now,
is he?”
“I’m with him,” Conroy flung back. “An’ I aims to stay with him, too!
Well, I reckon I’d better help with them cows.”
CHAPTER XII
A Crack at Fortune
They were back at the X Bar X again. The cattle had been loaded and
sent rumbling toward Chicago. Things were quiet, and the punchers, except
those who were riding fence, occupied themselves with jobs about the
ranch.
Mr. Manley observed Teddy’s face, took a look at Silent, and said
nothing. He knew. And when he saw Teddy and Silent throwing a jackknife
into a small ring on the side of the bunk-house, trying to see who could
come closest to the center, he grinned widely and said to Mrs. Manley, who
stood with him on the porch of the ranch house:
“See it, Barbara? Reckon Teddy’s made a new friend.”
Mrs. Manley smiled and laid a hand on her husband’s arm.
“Bardwell,” she said, “men are inexplicable creatures! Teddy and that
other—Silent, they call him—had a fight, didn’t they?”
“And from all accounts it was some scrap! Why?” He was chuckling.
“It seems so strange that it should need that to bring them together. I
should think—”
“Now, watch out for that thinkin’ business. People have been known to
get headaches that-a-way,” the rancher chuckled again. “A good scrap once
in a while is better than a spring tonic. Say, Mother—” his voice became
serious—“Teddy and Roy haven’t said much, but I’ve got a hunch they’re
hankerin’ for something—or rather, to take a little trip.”
“A trip? Where?”
“Well—” he turned toward her—“if you ask me, I’d say they were
achin’ to take a crack at Nugget Camp.”
“The place where that man—Pop’s cousin—was shot? Bardwell, we
can’t let them go there!”
“Now, sweetness, you got that wrong!” Mr. Manley protested. “Decker
didn’t get shot at the camp. He was ridin’ away from it when he was held
up. There’s no real danger. An’ the work here is pretty well under way. It
would certainly be a grand experience for the boys.”
Mrs. Manley nodded and smiled.
“If you say so, Bardwell—and they aren’t really children any more, are
they?”
“Children!” The long mustache trembled and a twinkle came into the
blue eyes. “Children! Well, Mother, if you think they are—but we’ll let that
go. Then you don’t mind if I tell them?”
“About Nugget Camp? No, Bardwell, as you say, it will probably be
good for them—only I do hope they’ll be careful.”
“Now, Mother, you know they will! Never failed to come through
anything they started, did they? You watch ’em carry home a hat full of
gold!” He strode down the steps and went toward Teddy and Silent. They
heard him coming and turned.
“Where’s Roy?” Mr. Manley asked.
“Helping Pop do something or other,” Teddy replied. Silent stood a bit to
one side, his face expressionless.
“I’ve got something to tell him—to tell you, too, for that matter. Things
pretty well cleaned up around here?”
“Yes, sir.” Teddy realized that his father knew exactly the condition of
the ranch and recognized in the question an implication of his
responsibility. Teddy and Roy were the real bosses of the X Bar X. Mr.
Manley had put the affairs of the ranch into their hands.
“Well, then, I reckon it’s about time you an’ Roy took a trip, hey?” And
Mr. Manley grinned.
“A trip?” Understanding came quickly. “You mean Nugget Camp?”
“Uh-huh. What about it?”
“I guess you know how much Roy and I would like to try it,” Teddy said
eagerly. “But we haven’t said anything—we were needed here.”
“Yea! But now that we’ve got that shipment off, things are easin’ up
some. So, if you want to—”
“If we want to! Wait till Roy hears this!” Teddy glanced over toward
Silent. “Say, Dad,” he said awkwardly, “could you spare Silent here?”
“Silent?” Mr. Manley gazed at the puncher. “You want to go too?”
“Well, you see it’s this way,” Silent answered uneasily. “I heard there
was two fellers hangin’ around Nugget Camp, that—I want to meet.” His
voice became tense. “That I want to meet real bad! An’ if it’s all the same to
you, I’d like to go along with Teddy an’ Roy, if they go. I’ve a reason.”
Mr. Manley nodded. Roy had told him privately the story of Silent’s
recent tragedy, and the man understood and sympathized with the grim
puncher.
“I reckon we can fix that,” he said after a moment. “Here’s what I
thought. Suppose you, Teddy, an’ Roy an’ Nick make up a party an’ stake a
few claims. I can spare you-all, I reckon. Four will be just about right. An’
you can start to-morrow, if you want to.”
“That’s great, Dad!” Teddy exclaimed. “Silent, let’s get Roy.”
The two hurried off, Mr. Manley watching them go. His eyes were
tender, his lips half open.
“Teddy,” he muttered, “come back the way you go!” and he went into
the house.
When he heard the news, Roy was as excited as his brother. Bug Eye
declared that he was going straightway to ask Mr. Manley for time off.
“He don’t need me now,” the puncher from the 8 X 8 declared. “I might
just as well go with you fellows. Say, I know what! My boss said I could
take a vacation soon, an’ here’s where I take it! I was plannin’ to head for
Nugget Camp myself, then when Mr. Ball heard from yore dad, Teddy, he
asked me to fill in here, an’ of course I did. But things are easy—lettin’ up.
So I can go, me an’ my Tin Lizzie! You wait!”
He ran toward the ranch house to interview Mr. Manley, and returned in
five minutes with a broad grin on his face.
“O. K.,” he said loudly. “I’m with you! To-morrow mornin’ early I starts
for the 8 X 8 to get an outfit.”
“Say, Bug Eye, while you’re there, ask Jerry Decker a few questions,”
Roy suggested. “Where is a good place to locate, and so forth. He ought to
know. He was at Nugget Camp nearly two years.”
“An’ get him to tell you how much fun gold minin’ is,” Pop, strolling up
at that moment, said dryly. “Let him tell you about the picnic he had!”
“We’re not going for fun,” Teddy asserted. “Anyhow, Pop, you said there
was a good chance to get some gold.”
“Oh, I ain’t goin’ back on that. Silent, here, knows somethin’ about
minin’. Don’t you, Silent?”
The puncher nodded. “A little,” he said briefly. “I been on a few rushes.”
“Jack Conroy gonna stay here?” Pop asked.
“Yep.” Silent lit a cigarette. “I asked him to. The whole ranch can’t
leave.”
“You’re right as rain there,” Pop agreed. “Then it’s you, Teddy, Roy, and
Nick?”
“Bug Eye is figuring on coming too,” Teddy said. “Going to bring his
flivver—hey, Bug Eye?”
“So that’s why you said you was goin’ back to-morrow,” Pop mused.
“All I heard was the part about askin’ Jerry to tell you where to locate. Well,
you’ll need all the advice you can get! It’s no joke, livin’ in a minin’ camp.
Plenty can happen, an’ then some.”
“Maybe that’s the reason we’re going,” Teddy said, grinning.
“Me, I’m gonna’ get rich!” Bug Eye boasted. “Rich as Creosote. You-all
heard of him, ain’t you? He found a whole hill full o’ di’monds!”
“Save it for some cold night at Nugget Camp,” Teddy advised. “We’ll
need all the entertainment we can get.”
“Somethin’ tells me you’ll have plenty of entertainment,” Pop grunted.
“I gotta be goin’. Got things to do. See you before you leave.”
“Queer cuss,” Silent declared. It was the first observation he had made in
some minutes. “Good guy, though!”
“I’ll tell a maverick he is!” Roy agreed. “Pop’s all right. Don’t you
forget, Bug Eye, to ask Jerry Decker a few questions. I wouldn’t bother him
much if he isn’t feeling all right, but Pop told us he was much better.”
“Sure, I know,” Bug Eye declared. “Leave it to me. Yay boy! Nugget
Camp! Gold! By golly, I’m gonna get me three new flivvers!”
“And then retire and live on the fat of the land, I suppose,” Teddy put in.
“Anyhow, we’ll take a crack at fortune!”
“Here’s hopin’ she smiles,” the puncher muttered. “In fact, I wouldn’t
kick if she grinned wide enough to split her mouth. See you later, boys!”
CHAPTER XIII
Some Shooting
By eleven o’clock the Manley boys and their companions were twenty
miles from the X Bar X, and on the first leg of their journey to Nugget
Camp. The day was cool, and the riding was pleasant, even considering the
slow pace they had to take on account of the mules. Silent himself seemed
more cheerful and talked freely of mining conditions and what they might
hope to find at the gold camp.
“Course, it won’t be like a new field. It’s been a mining camp before
this, ain’t it?”
“Yes, it has,” Teddy answered. “But those who worked it barely made a
living wage. Now that this has happened—”
“It’ll start the fireworks,” Nick drawled. “I reckon we’ll see Gus and the
others. Hope so. Gus owes me three bucks.”
“Three bucks will be like nothing to you, once you start picking nuggets
off the ground,” Roy laughed. “I understand they charge five dollars for a
can of beans.”
“Not me, they won’t,” Nick declared forcibly. “I can get along without
beans. Hey!” This to one of the mules. “Think you’re in a peerade? Step
along there!”
“Don’t get him excited,” Roy cautioned.
“He’s got our food on his back. Good thing those cans don’t leak.”
“That reminds me—I saw one of ’em with what looked like a hole in it,”
Nick said suddenly. “I meant to tell you when we were loadin’, only I
forgot. It’s right on top.” He urged his pony close to the mules, and,
reaching down, felt with his hand along the side of the bag carrying the
canned goods. “Uh-huh! She does!”
“Then let’s get it out,” Roy suggested. He dismounted and carefully
untied the bag. The faulty can was near the top, and he found it without
much trouble. “Tomatoes,” he said, holding it up, after tying the bag again.
“Don’t leak much, though.” He climbed into his saddle. “But I guess it isn’t
so good, after air gets to it.”
“You’re right there,” Silent said mildly. “Might as well chuck it away.
Let’s see it.”
Roy threw him the can. He looked at it, and nodded.
“Well, it’ll make a good target,” he declared. “O. K.?”
“Go on, pepper it,” Teddy said. “Let’s see what you can do.”
The puncher rode on ahead and hitched up his belt. He held the can in
his right hand and drew back his arm.
“Let ’er ride!” Nick shouted.
Silent threw the can into the air. Then, so quickly that the eye could not
follow him, he dragged his gun from the holster. The crack of the revolver
awoke the echoes. Five times he fired, as fast as his finger could pull the
trigger. The can bounded about in the air as though attached to a string.
“Wow!” Teddy gasped. “What a man!”
Silent stared at his smoking gun.
“I may have missed once,” he said casually. “I’ll take a look.”
He slid off his pony and walked to where the can lay.
“Yep,” he said sorrowfully. “Only five holes in it. One of ’em was there
before. I missed a shot.”
“Well, for the love of Pete, you grousin’ about missin’ one in five?” Nick
exclaimed. “Let’s see the can!”
Silent handed it to him. Nick’s eyes opened wide.
“Five nice, clean holes! Hey, you didn’t miss any! One of yore shots hit
the hole that was in it already—it made it bigger! Look!”
Teddy and Roy went closer and gazed at the can. For every hole where
the bullets went in, there was a corresponding one in the other side—one
with the tin bent inward, one with it bent out—and as Nick had said, there
was a hole directly opposite the original perforation.
“Five out of five!” Roy said admiringly. “Say, puncher, where’d you
learn to shoot?”
“Didn’t learn. Had it drilled into me.” Silent responded. “My dad—” he
stopped, and turned his head away. In a moment he had recovered himself
and went on in an even tone: “My pop was one of the best shots in the West.
So was my brother. They’re both dead now.”
“Yes, we know,” Roy said quietly. “Conroy told us.”
“He did?” Silent jerked around, his face pale. “I asked him—Well,” and
his shoulders sank, “then you know. But it was my trouble, an’ I was aimin’
to keep it to myself. Hang it! For some reason, though, I ain’t sorry that you
found out. Funny, that, ain’t it?” His face wore a puzzled look, as a child’s
does when it cannot understand some emotion.
Teddy laid a hand on Silent’s shoulder.
“I reckon, Silent, it’s because you know we’re friends of yours,” the boy
said. “I’m sorry—and that’s all I can say. If we ever get a chance—”
“Sure, I know,” Silent responded awkwardly. He got back on his horse.
“You’re all right. Just my tough luck, that’s all. I got an idea, though. An’
you might as well know that’s the reason I wanted to hit Nugget Camp. I
might get a look at a certain two waddies.” His voice grew bitter. “Two
waddies who shoot men down in cold blood an’ who sport queer lookin’
guns.”
“Queer looking—” Teddy began, when Roy motioned to him for silence.
The incident served to depress the spirits of the party somewhat, and
Nick, realizing this, took the opportunity a jack-rabbit afforded him to
lighten their mood.
“Two bits I catch him!” he shouted. “Watch them mules!”
He brought his hand down sharply on his pony’s flank. The rabbit was
about a hundred yards ahead, running easily.
“Wow!” Nick yelled. “Let’s go, bronc!”
The bronc went. At least, his head went up and his rear lowered. Nick
spread his arms wide and slid gently to the ground.
“Well, you ole leather-bustin’ sidewinder!” Nick exclaimed in pretended
anger. “Who told you to do that?”
The others watched him with amusement. A half smile came to Silent’s
lips.
“Now look-a-here, you.” Nick went close to his pony and whispered into
his ear. The horse nodded several times, aided by Nick’s hand on the bridle.
“Understand now? Then let’s go!”
With a bound Nick landed in the saddle. He yanked off his hat, slapped
the pony—and promptly slid again to the ground. By this time the rabbit
was miles away.
The horse stood quietly, eyeing his master with a surprised look in his
eyes. Nick, from the ground, shook his fist wildly.
“So that’s it, hey? All right, then! All right!”
He leaped to his feet. As a man might toss a bag of meal, so Nick threw
himself across the saddle, his arms on one side, his legs on the other. The
pony, with a snort, started to run. But not in a straight line. His course was a
circle, with the boys in the center. Faster and faster he ran, his master
bouncing up and down.
Teddy, Roy, and Silent burst into a roar of laughter.
“Get some glue, Nick!”
“Want a rope?”
“Stick to him, kid!”
“Oh, what a bouncing baby boy!”
But Nick did not stick. The fifth time around he released his hold and
catapulted to the ground, landing on his shoulders. The pony stopped stiff-
legged, sliding three feet.
Nick rubbed his head, sat up, and stared at the horse, that stood a short
distance away.
“Honey!”
The pony moved not.
“Sweetie!”
The horse still stood.
“Snookums!”
No sign from the bronc.
“Black Bottom, you ole, lantern-jawed, hook-eyed, son of a sea-cook, if
you don’t trot over here so pronto that yore ears lay back I’ll knock yore
fool carcass so far—”
The horse whinnied, bobbed his head, and walked over to Nick. Then he
bent one knee in supplication.
“Atta baby! Now we’re all right! Hold still!”
Nick arose and climbed slowly into the saddle.
“Needs coaxin’,” he said, grinning. “You gotta talk nice to him if you
want him to do you favors! Come on, baby—we’re off. Get along there, you
mules, you!”
CHAPTER XV