TEST 2 Solution
TEST 2 Solution
TEST 2 Solution
TEST 2
Fall/2006 Dr. Anmin Zhu Read the instructions carefully: 1. You are allowed to have one page formula sheet for this test. 2. There are 5 pages and 9 numbered questions. 3. You must show all work in order to receive credit!! 1. True or False a. ( F ) If (a, b) is a critical point of z = f(x,y), then f x ( a , b) = 0 and f y ( a , b) = 0 . b. ( T ) If z = f(x,y) is a smooth function then there is a direction u at a point P in which f u ( p ) = 0 c. ( F ) The directional derivative of z = f(x,y) at a point ( x 0 , y 0 ) in the direction
v = 1<1 > ,
is
<
1 2
f x ( x0 , y 0 ),
1 2
f y ( x0 , y 0 ) > .
d. ( e. (
F F
) If all of the contours of a function z = f(x,y) are parallel lines, then the graph of z=f(x,y) is a plane. ) The tangent plane to the surface x 2 + 2 y 2 = 10 + 3 z 2 at the point (1, 1, 1) is parallel to the plane x + 2 y = 1 3z .
2. The level curves of z = f ( x, y ) are shown below. Decide the sign (positive, negative, or zero) of the following quantities : f xx ( A) __+___, f xx (C ) __-___, f xy (B ) __0___, f xy (C ) f f __+___, (C ) i __+___, (C ) j ___-__ and sketch the surface of z = f ( x, y ) .
1 A
2 B
3 45 6
f y = x 2 e xy ,
f xy = f yx = 2 xe xy + x 2 ye xy ,
u s (1,0) = 3, u t (1,0) = 6 , v (1,0) = 7 , v s (1,0) = 5 , vt (1,0) = 3 , Fu (1,0) = , 1 Fu ( 1,7) = 2 , Fv (1,0) =10 , Fv ( 1,7) = 5 . Find ws (1,0) and wt (1,0) .
Ws = Fu (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))us ( s, t ) + Fv (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))vs ( s, t ) Ws (1, 0) = Fu (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))us (1, 0) + Fv (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))vs (1, 0) = Fu (1, 7)us (1, 0) + Fv (1, 7)vs (1, 0) = 2 (3) + 5 3 = 19 Wt = Fu (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))ut ( s, t ) + Fv (u ( s, t ), v( s, t ))vt ( s, t ) Wt (1, 0) = Fu (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))ut (1, 0) + Fv (u (1, 0), v(1, 0))vt (1, 0) = Fu (1, 7)ut (1, 0) + Fv (1, 7)vt (1, 0) = 2 6 + 5 3 = 27
4. The length l, width w, and height h of a box change with time t, at a certain instant the dimensions are l=100cm and w=h=200cm, and l and w are increasing at rate of 2 cm/s while h is decreasing at rate of 3 cm/s. At that instant find the rate of change of the surface area of the box.
5. The Celsius temperature in a region in space is given by T ( x, y , z ) = 2 x 2 xyz . A particle is at the point (1,2,3) . a) In which direction should the particle move so that the temperature increases the fastest? and what is that rate.
b) Find the rate of change of the temperature if the particle moves in the direction toward the point (2,-1,4).
1 5 >= 11 11
6. a) Find an equation of the tangent plane to the surface xyz = x 3 y 5 z 6 + 2 at the point (1, -1, -1).
F ( x, y , 1) = xy x 3 y 5 2 F dy y 3x 2 y5 = x = , dx Fy x 5 x3 y 4 y +1 = 2 ( x 1) 3 m= 2 3
7. Suppose that the directional derivative of f(x, y) at (1,1) in the direction i j is 2 and in the direction i + j is 4 2 . Find the directional derivative of f in the direction i 3 j .
1 1 1 1 r r u1 =< , >, u2 =< , > 2 2 2 2 1 1 r f u1 (1,1) = f x (1,1) f y (1,1) = 2 2 2 1 1 r f u2 (1,1) = f x (1,1) + f y (1,1) =4 2 2 2 f x (1,1) = 5, f y (1,1) = 3 1 3 r u =< , > 10 10
r f u (1,1) =< 5, 3 > <
1 3 4 , >= 10 10 10
8. Design a rectangular milk carton box which holds 432 cm 3 of milk. The sides of the box cost 1 cent/ cm 2 and top and bottom cost 2 cents/ cm 2 . Find the dimensions of the box that minimize the total cost of materials used.
lwh = 432, h =
432 lw
432 432 864 864 + 2w 4lw = + + 4lw lw lw w l 864 Cl = 2 + 4w = 0 l 864 Cw = 2 + 4l = 0 w l = w, 432 864 + 4l 3 = 0, l = 6 = w, h = = 12 36
9. a) Find the local maximum and minimum values and saddle point(s) of the
2 Function f ( x, y ) = x 2 xy +
1 3 y 3y 3
f x = 2 x 2 y = 0, x = y, f y = 2 x + y 2 3 = 0, y 2 2 y 3 = 0, y = 1, 3 (1, 1), (3, 3) are critical po int s. For (1, 1) D = f xx f yy [ f xy ]2 = 2 (2) [ 2]2 < 0 (1, 1) is a saddle po int . For (3, 3) D = 8 > 0, f xx = 2 > 0. f has local min at (3, 3)
f x = 2 x + 2 xy = 0 f y = 2 y + x 2 = 0, y = x2 2
x2 2 x + 2 x ( ) = 0, 2 x x 3 = 0, x = 0 ( y = 0), 2 ( y = 1), 2 ( y = 1) 2 f (0, 0) = 4, f ( 2, 1) = 5, f ( 2, 1) = 5 On thebandary : x 2 + y 2 = 4, x2 = 4 y2 f = 4 y 2 + y 2 + (4 y 2 ) y + 4 = y3 + 4 y + 8, 2 f ' = 3 y 2 + 4 = 0, y = 3 2 2 y= 2, , , 2 3 3 24 3 16 32 + 24 3 , , 8 3 3 3 3 8 2 f has abs max at ( , ) 3 3 f has abs min at (0, 0). f = 8, 2 y 2