WEEK 8

1st QUARTER

MATH 10 – CLASS
 At the end of the lesson, the
learners will be able to;
a. illustrate polynomial equations
b. find the roots of polynomial equations
by applying the Zero-Product Property

c. find the polynomial with the given sets of zeros

d. Solve problems involving Polynomials and polynomial

equations
 Polynomial Equation

What is a Polynomial Equation?

An equation formed with variables, exponents

and coefficients are called as polynomial equations.
It can have different exponents, where the higher one
is called the degree of the equation. We can
solve polynomials by factoring them in terms of
degree and variables present in the equation.
Example
Determine the real roots of each equation.
1. x – 2 = 0 2
2. x + 3 = 0 -3

3. x ( x -5 ) = 0 0, 5
4. ( x + 2) ( x - 7 ) = 0 -2, 7
5. ( x + 4)3 (x - 2 ) = 0
-4 multiplicity 3, 2
Determine the real roots of each equation.

6. 2x ( x2 – 49) = 0
roots: 0, -7, 7
7. x ( x – 5) ( 3x -2 ) = 0
roots: 0, 5, 2/3
8. ( 3x + 1)3 ( x - 5 )2 ( x – 2 ) = 0
roots: -1/3 multiplicity 3, 5 multiplicity 2, 2
Complete the table.
Polynomial Equation Degree Real roots of the Number
Equation of Real
Roots
1. (x + 1 )2 (x – 5) =0 3 -1 multiplicity 2; 5 3
2. x – 9= 0 1 9 1
3. ( x + 4 ) ( x – 4 ) = 0 -4, 4
2 2
4. ( x +1 )4 ( x -3 )2 = 0 6 -1 multiplicity 4
6
3 multiplicity 2
5. (x+ 5) (x + 5) (x – 7)=0
3 -5 multiplicity 2, 7 3

6. (x2 – 4) = 0 2 -2, 2 2
 Practice and Application (5 secs.)

1. Determine the real roots of the equation

x2 ( x – 7) ( 3x + 4 ) = 0

Answer: 0 multiplicity 2, 7, -4/3

Practice and Application ( 5 secs.)

2. How many real roots in the equation

(x+ 6)3 (x2 – 2x – 35)=0

Answer: 5
Practice and Application ( 5 secs.)
3. What is the degree of the equation
( x +1 )5 ( x -3 )2 = 0

Answer: degree 7
 Finding the Roots of Polynomial equation
Find the roots of the following polynomial
equations given one of the root.

1. x3 – x2 – x + 1 = 0 ; root = 1

2. 3x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 8x + 4 = 0; root = 2

Finding the Roots of Polynomial equation
1. x3 – x2 – x + 1 = 0

1
1 -1 -1 1
1 0 -1
__________________________
1 0 -1 0
x2 - 1 = 0 x=1
x = -1
(x + 1) ( x – 1 ) = 0
Roots: -1, 1
(x + 1) = 0 (x - 1) = 0 multiplicity 2
Finding the Roots of Polynomial equation

2. 3x4 + 2x3 – 13x2 – 8x + 4 = 0

2
3 2 -13 -8 4
6 16 6
__________________________
-4
3 8 3 -2 0
-1
3 8 3 -2
-3 -5 2
____________________
3 5 -2 0
 Finding the Roots of Polynomial equation

2. 3 5 -2

-2 3 5 -2
-6 2
_________________
3 -1 0
3x – 1 = 0
x = 1/3

Roots: 2, -1, -2, 1/3

Finding the Roots of Polynomial equation
3. 2x5 – 7x4 – 6x3 + 31x2 – 8x – 12 = 0
Use x = 1
1 2 -7 -6 31 -8 -12
2 -11 20 12
-5
_______________________________
2 -5 -11 20 12 0

Roots: -2, -1/2, 2, 3, 1

Practice and Application

Find the roots of the polynomial equations

x4 + 2x3 – 7x2 – 8x + 12 = 0

roots: 1, 2, -2, -3
Vieta’s Rule
1. Find a second-degree polynomial equation
whose roots are 2 and 3

Vieta’s Rule

x2 – (r1 + r2 )x + (r1r2)

x2 - 5x + 6 = 0
2. Find a second-degree polynomial equation
whose roots are -6 and 9

Vieta’s Rule

x2 – (r1 + r2 )x + (r1r2)

x2 - 3x - 54 = 0
3. Find a second-degree polynomial equation
whose roots are 2/7 and 4/9

63x2 - 46x + 8 = 0

4. Find a second-degree polynomial equation

whose roots are -5/8 and 1/6

48x2 + 22x -5 = 0
5. Find a third-degree polynomial equation
whose zeros are 2, 3, and 4
Vieta’s Rule

x3 – (r1 + r2 + r3)x2 +(r1r2+ r1r3 + r2r3)x – (r1r2r3 )

x3 - 9x2 + 26x - 24 = 0
6. Find a third-degree polynomial equation
whose zeros are 3, -2, and 9
Vieta’s Rule

x3 – (r1 + r2 + r3)x2 +(r1r2+ r1r3 + r2r3)x – (r1r2r3 )

x3 - 10x2 + 3x + 54 = 0
Vieta’s Rule
3. Find the polynomial equation with the roots
1, 2, 3, and 4.
x4 – (r1+r2+r3+r4)x3 + (r1r2+ r1r3 + r1r4 + r2r3+ r2r4 + r3r4 )x2 –
(r1r2r3 + r1r2r4 + r1r3r4+ r2r3r4)x + ( r1r2r3r4 )

x4 - 10x3 + 35x2 - 50x + 24 = 0

 Practice and Application
Given the roots find the polynomial equation.

1. 3, 5 x2 - 8x + 15 = 0
2. -4, 7 x2 - 3x - 28 = 0
3. 3, -4, 5
x3 - 4x2 – 17x + 60 = 0
Problems Involving polynomials
 USE A PROBLEM-SOLVING STRATEGY TO
SOLVE WORD PROBLEMS
1.Read the problem. Make sure all the words and ideas are
understood.
2.Identify what we are looking for.
3.Name what we are looking for. Choose a variable to
represent that quantity.
4.Translate into an equation. It may be helpful to restate
the problem in one sentence with all the important
information. Then, translate the English sentence into an
algebraic equation.
5.Solve the equation using appropriate algebra techniques.
6.Check the answer in the problem and make sure it makes
sense.
7.Answer the question with a complete sentence.
 Problems involving Polynomials
and Polynomial Equation
1. The length of a rectangular swimming pool is 2 yards
more than 2 times the width. The area of the pool is
144 square yards. Find the dimensions of the pool.
A=lw
72 = w2 + w l = 2(8) + 2
w=w
l = 2w + 2 w2 + w -72 = 0 l = 18 yds.
(w + 9) (w – 8) = 0
144 = (2w + 2 ) w
144 = 2w2 + 2w w = - 9 ; w = 8 yds.
l = 2w + 2
 Problems involving Polynomials
and Polynomial Equation
2. The distance covered by a bike is given by the Expression
2x2 + 6x -20. The time taken by the bike to covered this
distance is given by the Expression x – 2. Find the speed
of the bike.

D=st 2 2 -20
6
s=
𝐷
4 20
__________________________
𝑡

s=
2𝑥2 + 6𝑥 −20 2 10 0
𝑥 −2
s =2x + 10 units
 Problems involving Polynomials
and Polynomial Equation
3. A gymnast dismounts the uneven parallel bars. Her
height, h, depends on the time, t is in seconds,
that she is in the air as follows: h = -16t2 + 8t + 8
When will the gymnast be 8 feet above the ground?
Solution:
h=8; t=? 16t2 - 8t = 0
8 = -16t2 + 8t + 8
8t(2t-1) = 0
0 = -16t2 + 8t + 8 - 8 1
t= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑
2
0 = -16t2 + 8t
16t2 = 8t t = 0 second
 Problems involving Polynomials
and Polynomial Equation
4. The sum of the integers and its square is 72. Find
the integers.
Solution:

Let x be the integer.

x -8 = 0
x + x2 = 72
x + x2 - 72 = 0 x =8

(x+9) (x–8)=0 x = 8, -9 answer

x+9=0
x = -9
 Problems involving Polynomials
and Polynomial Function
5. A tree is supported by a wire anchored in the ground 5
feet from its base. The wire is 1 foot longer than the
height that it reaches on the tree. Find the length of the
wire. x2 + 2x + 1 = x2 + 25
Solution:
2x + 1 = 25
x+1 2x = 25 - 1
x
2x = 24
5 x = 12
Apply Pythagorean Length of wire = 12 + 1
c2 = a2 + b2 Length of wire = 13 ft.
(x + 1)2 = x2 + 52
6. A box is created from a sheet of cardboard 20 in. on a
side by cutting a square from each corner and folding up the
sides. Let x represent the length of the sides of the squares
removed from each corner. Find the equation for the volume
of the box in terms of x.

Ans. 4x3 – 80x2 + 400x = 0

Practice and Application
Solve the problems.
1. The area of the rectangle is given by the polynomial expression
2x3 - 2x2 -6x + 4 and its length given by x - 2. Find the width
of the rectangle.

Solution:
2 2 -2 -6 4
A = lw
𝐴 4 4 -4
__________________________
w=
𝑙
2 2 -2 0
2𝑥3 −2𝑥2 −6𝑥+ 4
w=
𝑥 −2
w = 2x2 + 2x – 2 units
2. The rectangular prism has a volume of
3x3 + 8x2 – 45x – 50 cubic units , What is the length if
the width measures x + 1 units and height measures
x + 5 units?
Solution:
V = lwh
l = V/ wh

3𝑥3+8𝑥2 −45 𝑥 −50

l=
𝑥+1 ( 𝑥+5 )

Apply Synthetic division

Length = 3x -10 units