9

XV
DETERMINE THE EQUATION OF A
QUADRATIC FUNCTION GIVEN ITS
ZEROS
Mathematics – Grade 9
Quarter 1 – Module XV: Determining the Equation of Quadratic Function given its
Zeros.

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Danreb B. Calisin – Tubli National High School

Editors: Zoren I. Añonuevo – Baras Rural Development High School

Validators: Jonel G. Aznar – Bato Rural Development High School

Lyra C. Tusi – San Andres Vocational School
Ludy M Avila – Catanduanes National High School
Riza B. Benavidez – Bato Ruran Development High School
Romel G. Petajen – EPS-Math, Catanduanes Division

Illustrator: Edwin T. Tomes – Dororian National High School

Layout Artist: Edwin T. Tomes – Dororian National High School

 1

DETERMINE THE EQUATION OF A

LESSON
QUADRATIC FUNCTION GIVEN ITS
ZEROS

A quadratic function is a function that can be described by

equations of the form f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c are real numbers
and a ≠ 0.The highest power of the independent variable x is 2. Thus the
equation of quadratic function is of degree 2.

Start this module by assessing your knowledge of the different

mathematics concepts previously studied and your skills in
performing mathematical operations. These knowledge and skills will
help you understand quadratic functions. As you go through this
lesson, think of this important question: “How to determine the
equation of quadratic function given its zeros?” To find the
answer, perform each activity. If you find any difficulty in answering
the exercises, seek the assistance of your teacher or peers or refer
to the modules you have gone over earlier.

The

One important skill to recall in order to easily understand this

topic is finding the product of two binomials using algebraic method
(FOIL Method and Vertical Method). Let’s recall this first for us to
have a smooth sailing as we learn a new skill.

Illustrative Example:
Find the product of two binomials using algebraic method.

(x + 3)(2x – 4)
 2

FOIL METHOD: VERTICAL METHOD:

F: (x)(2x) = 2x2 x+3
x 2x - 4
O: (x)(-4) = -4x -4x – 12
Combine like terms Combine like terms
I: (3)(2x) = 6x + 2x2 + 6x
2x2 + 2x - 12
L: (3)(-4) = -12
Answer: 2x2 + 2x - 12
2
Answer: 2x + 2x - 12

And now, you’re ready to apply the skill again. Let’s do this!

Determine the equation of

quadratic function given its
zeros.

Zeros of Quadratic Function: is the values of x when y equals

0. These zeros of the function can be determined by setting
y to 0 and solving the resulting equation through different
algebraic methods.

DIRECTION: Determine the equation of quadratic function

given the zeros of the function. Write letter only.

1. {2, 3}
a. f(x) = x2 - 5x + 6 c. f(x) = x2 - x + 6
b. f(x) = x2 + 5x - 6 d. f(x) = x2 - x - 6

Answer: ___

2. {-4, 2}
a. f(x) = x2 + 2x + 8 c. f(x) = x2 - 2x + 8
b. f(x) = x2 + 2x - 8 d. f(x) = x2 - 2x - 8

Answer: ___
 3

3. {-6, -5}
a. f(x) = x2 + 11x + 11 c. f(x) = x2 - x + 30
b. f(x) = x2 + 11x + 30 d. f(x) = x2 - 11x - 30

Answer: ___
2
4. {3, 4}
a. f(x) = 3x2 + 14x + 8 c. f(x) = 3x2 - 14x + 8
b. f(x) = 3x2 + 12x + 8 d. f(x) = 3x2 - 12x - 8
Answer: ___
2 1
5. {5, − 5}
a. 25x2 + 15x + 2 c. f(x) = 25x2 - 15x + 2
b. 25x2 - 5x - 2 d. f(x) = 25x2 - 5x + 2
Answer: ___

Hi! How did you find the test?

I. Learning Activity:
Don’t worry if you got a low score, this just
means that there are more things that you
can learn from this module. So, hop on!

This part of the module will help you understand on how to

find the equation of quadratic function using its zeros. In this module
two methods are presented, using algebraic method and product
and sum of the roots.

Determine the equation of quadratic function given the

zeros of the function.

Illustrative Examples:

Using Algebraic Method

1. {-2, 3}
Step 1: Write the given roots.
x = -2 and x = 3

Step 2: Equate the given roots to 0.

x = -2 x+2=0
x=3 x–3=0
(x + 2)(x - 3) = 0
 4

Step 3: Simplify the given equation.

(x + 2)(x - 3) = 0 x2 - x - 6 = 0

Note: you can use the FOIL

FOIL Method: Vertical Method: Method or Vertical Method.
x+2
(x + 2)(x − 3) = 0 x x-3
x2 - 3x + 2x – 6 = 0 -3x - 6
x2 - x – 6 = 0 + x2 + 2x
x2 − x − 6

Step 4: Equate the final answer to f(x).

Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {-2, 3} is f(x) = x2 - x – 6

2. {4,6}

Step 1: Write the given roots.

x = 4 and x = 6

Step 2: Equate the given roots to 0.

x=4 x-4=0
x=6 x–6=0
(x - 4)(x - 6) = 0

Step 3: Simplify the given equation.

(x - 4)(x - 6) = 0 x2 - 10x + 24 = 0

Note: you can use the FOIL Method or Vertical Method.

FOIL Method: Vertical Method:

x-4
(x − 4)(x − 6) = 0 x x-6
x2 - 6x - 4x + 24 = 0 -4x + 24
x2 - 10x + 24 = 0 + x2 – 6x
x2 – 10x + 24
 5

Step 4: Equate the final answer to f(x).

Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {4,6} is f(x) = x2 - 10x + 24

𝟐
3. {𝟓, 3}
Step 1: Write the given roots.
2
x = 5 and x = 3

Step 2: Equate the given roots to 0, then simplify.

2 2 2
x=5 x-5=0 5(x - 5) = 0 5x – 2 = 0

x=3 x–3=0
(5x – 2)(x - 3) = 0

Step 3: Simplify the given equation.

(5x – 2)(x - 3) = 0 5x2 - 17x + 6 = 0

Note: you can use the FOIL Method or Vertical Method.

FOIL Method: Vertical Method:

5x - 2
(5x – 2)(x - 3) = 0 x x-3
5x2 - 15x - 2x + 6 = 0 -15x + 6
5x2 – 17x + 6 + 5x2 – 2x
5x2 – 17x + 6

Step 4: Equate the final answer to f(x).

2
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {5, 3} is f(x) = 5x2 – 17x + 6

𝟑 𝟏
4. {𝟐, − 𝟐}

Step 1: Write the given roots.

3 1
x = 2 and x = − 2

Step 2: Equate the given roots to 0, then simplify.

3 3 3
x=2 x-2=0 2(x - 2) = 0 2x – 3 = 0
 6

1 1 1
x=− x+ =0 2(x + ) = 0 2x + 1 = 0
2 2 2

(2x – 3)(2x + 1) = 0

Step 3: Simplify the given equation.

(2x – 3)(2x + 1) = 0 4x2 - 4x - 3 = 0

Note: you can use the FOIL Method or Vertical Method.

FOIL Method: Vertical Method:

2x - 3
(2x – 3)(2x + 1) = 0 x 2x + 1
4x2 - 6x + 2x - 3 = 0 2x - 3
4x2 - 4x - 3 = 0 + 4x2 - 6x
4x2 – 4x - 3

Step 4: Equate the final answer to f(x).

3 1
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {2, − 2} is f(x) = 4x2 – 4x – 3

𝟐 𝟒
5. {− , }
𝟑 𝟓
Step 1: Write the given roots.
2 4
x = − 3 and x = 5
Step 2: Equate the given roots to 0, then simplify.

2 2 2
x = −3 x+3=0 3(x + 3) = 0 3x + 2 = 0
4 4 4
x= x- =0 5(x - ) = 0 5x - 4 = 0
5 5 5

(3x + 2)(5x - 4) = 0

Step 3: Simplify the given equation.

(3x + 2)(5x - 4) = 0 15x2 - 2x - 8 = 0

Note: you can use the FOIL Method or Vertical Method.

FOIL Method: Vertical Method:

3x + 2
(3x + 2)(5x - 4) = 0 x 5x - 4
15x2 - 12x + 10x - 8 = 0 -12x - 8
15x2 - 2x - 8 = 0 + 15x2 + 10x
15x2 – 2x – 8
 7

Step 4: Equate the final answer to f(x).

2 4
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {− 3, 5} is f(x) = 15x2 – 2x – 8

What if we use another method to

determine the equation of
quadratic function given its zeros.

Using Product and Sum of the Roots of Quadratic Function

The standard form of a quadratic function is f(x) = ax2 + bx + c which can be denoted
𝑏 𝑐
also by f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎. The equation of quadratic function can be determine given
𝑏
that the coefficient of linear term x given that 𝑎
= -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) or the negative sum of the
𝑐
roots and the constant term 𝑎 = 𝑟1 𝑟2 is the product of the roots where 𝑟1 and 𝑟2 are the
zeros of quadratic function.

1. {-2, 3}
Step 1: Write the given.
𝑏 𝑐 𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎 where; 𝑎 = -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) and 𝑎
= 𝑟1 𝑟2

𝑟1 = −2 and 𝑟2 = 3

Step 2: Substitute the given roots to the given equations, then simplify.
𝑏 𝑐
= -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) 𝑎
= 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎
𝑏
𝑎
= −(−2 + 3 𝑐
= [(−2)(3)]
𝑎

𝒃 𝒄
= -1 =-6
𝒂 𝒂
 8

𝑏 𝑐
Step 3: Substitute the values of 𝑎
and 𝑎
to the standard form of quadratic function.
𝑏 𝑐
𝑎
= -1 and 𝑎 = - 6

𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎

f(x) = x2 + (-1)x + (-6)

f(x) = x2 - x – 6
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {-2, 3} is f(x) = x2 - x – 6

2. {4, 6}
Step 1: Write the given.
𝑏 𝑐 𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + x + where; = −(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) and = 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎

𝑟1 = 4 and 𝑟2 = 6

Step 2: Substitute the given roots to the given equations, then simplify.
𝑏 𝑐
= -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) 𝑎
= 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎
𝑏 𝑐
𝑎
= −(4 + 6)
𝑎
= [(4)(6)]
𝒃 𝒄
𝒂
= -10 = 24
𝒂

𝑏 𝑐
Step 3: Substitute the values of and to the standard form of quadratic function.
𝑎 𝑎
𝑏 𝑐
𝑎
= -10 and 𝑎 = 24

𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎
f(x) = x2 + (-10)x + 24
f(x) = x2 - 10x + 24
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {4,6} is f(x) = x2 - 10x + 24

𝟐
3. {𝟓, 3}
Step 1: Write the given.
𝑏 𝑐 𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + x + where; = -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) and = 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
2
𝑟1 = and 𝑟2 = 3
5
 9

Step 2: Substitute the given roots to the given equations, then simplify.
𝑏 𝑐
= -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) 𝑎
= 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎
𝑏 2 multiply the numerator to the
= −(5 + 3) the lcd is 5 𝑐 2
𝑎
𝑎
= [(5) (3)] whole number
𝑏 2+15
𝑎
= −( 5
)
𝒄 𝟔
𝒃 𝟏𝟕 𝒂
=𝟓
𝒂
=− 𝟓

𝑏 𝑐
Step 3: Substitute the values of 𝑎 and 𝑎
to the standard form of quadratic function, then
simplify.
𝑏 17 𝑐 6
𝑎
= − 5 and 𝑎 = 5

𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + x +
𝑎 𝑎
17 6
f(x) = 5[ x2 + (− ) x+ ]
5 5
2
f(x) = 5x - 17x + 6
2
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {5, 3} is f(x) = 5x2 – 17x + 6

𝟑 𝟏
4. { ,− }
𝟐 𝟐
Step 1: Write the given.
𝑏 𝑐 𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎 where; 𝑎 = -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) and 𝑎
= 𝑟1 𝑟2

3 1
𝑟1 = 2
and 𝑟2 = − 2

Step 2: Substitute the given roots to the given equations, then simplify.
𝑐
𝑏 = 𝑟1 𝑟2
= -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) 𝑎
𝑎
𝑏 3 1
= −[( + (− )] the lcd is 2
𝑐 3
= [( ) (− )]
1 multiply the given fraction
𝑎 2 2 𝑎 2 2
𝑏 3 +(−1)
= −[ ] 𝑐 (3)(−1)
𝑎 2
𝑎
= (2)(2)
𝒃 𝟐
𝒂
= − 𝟐 or -1
𝒄 𝟑
𝒂
= −𝟒

𝑏 𝑐
Step 3: Substitute the values of 𝑎 and 𝑎
to the standard form of quadratic function, then
simplify.
𝑏 𝑐 3
𝑎
= -1 and 𝑎 = − 4
 10

𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎
3
f(x) = 4[ x2 + (−1) x + (− 4)]
f(x) = 4x2 - 4x – 3
3 1
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {2, − 2} is f(x) = 4x2 – 4x – 3

𝟐 𝟒
5. {− 𝟑, 𝟓}
Step 1: Write the given.
𝑏 𝑐 𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + x + where; = -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) and = 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎

2 4
𝑟1 = − 3 and 𝑟2 = 5
Step 2: Substitute the given roots to the given equations, then simplify.

𝑏 𝑐
= -(𝑟1 + 𝑟2 ) 𝑎
= 𝑟1 𝑟2
𝑎
𝑏 2 4 𝑐 2 4
= −[(− 3 ) + 5] = [(− ) ( )]
𝑎 𝑎 3 5

𝑏 −2(5)+ 4(3) 𝑐 (−2)(4) multiply the given fraction

= −[ ] the lcd is 15 =
𝑎 15 𝑎 (3)(5)
𝒄 𝟖
𝑏
= −(
−10 + 12
) 𝒂
= − 𝟏𝟓
𝑎 15
𝒃 𝟐
𝒂
= − 𝟏𝟓
𝑏 𝑐
Step 3: Substitute the values of and to the standard form of quadratic function, then
𝑎 𝑎
simplify.
𝑏 2 𝑐 8
𝑎
= − 15 and 𝑎 = − 15

𝑏 𝑐
f(x) = x2 + 𝑎x + 𝑎
2 8
f(x) = 15[ x2 + (− 15) x + (− 15)]

f(x) = 15x2 - 2x – 8

2 4
Therefore, the quadratic function whose zeros are {− 3, 5} is f(x) = 15x2 – 2x – 8
 11

I.
DIRECTION: Determine the equation of quadratic
function in standard form given its zeros.

1. {1, 3}
2. {-3, 4}
3. {-6, -5}
3
4. {2, 5}
4 7
5. {− 3, 3}

II.

LUYANG CAVE is located at Lictin, San Andres Catanduanes.

Photo Credit: Luis Karlo T. Avila

The edge of the outer part of Luyang Cave that is located at Lictin, San
Andres, Catanduanes is represented by an equation of a quadratic function. If the
quadratic function has zeros of -7/3 and 3, what is the equation representing the
cave?
(Note: The edge of Luyang Cave opens downward so the coefficient of the quadratic
term should be negative.)
 12

III.
Match Me with My Zeros!
(And, Let’s Have a Heart-to-Heart Talk)
“You are nobody.”
These are the words some people are trying to put into your mind to make you feel
that you are nonexistent; that you are a shadow of oblivion. Even though many individuals
are trying to put you down, always remember that someone is here for you. Someone is
here to help you.

Direction: Someone loves you. Just believe! Find a partner. Decode the message by
writing the indicated phrase of the zeros inside the heart of its corresponding quadratic
function. Then, write the whole message on the provided blank below.

By throwing words obliterating -11, 11 Always remember that -4, 14

Who will embrace you -7, 7 From the quicksand -3, -8
Of judgements 1/2, 3/4 There is someone 6, -9
If some people are hurting
2, -9 And will lift you up 2, 9
you
With incomparable love -5, 9 Your courageous soul, 1/5, -2/5

f(x) = x2 + 7x – 8 f(x) = x2 – 121 f(x) = 25x2 + 5x – 2 f(x) = x2 – 10x – 56

f(x) = x2 + 3x – 54 f(x) = x2 – 49 f(x) = x2 – 4x – 45 f(x) = x2 – 11x +18

f(x) = x2 + 11x + 24 f(x) = 8x2 – 10x + 3

Message: __________________________________
 13

Direction: Determine the equation of quadratic function

in standard form give its zeros.

1. {4, 7}
2. {-6, 8}
3. {-7, 5}
4. {-4, -8}
4
5. {− 5, 2}
5 9
6. {− , − }
2 2
1 3
7. {− 2, 5}

Draw 5 objects or places with parabolic

features inside your house. Assign a pair of non –
integer rational zeros to each. Then, determine the
quadratic function representing each picture. Present
your output in short coupon bond.
 14

Key to Correction

Try this! Let’s do this!

1. A
2. B. I.
3. B 1. f(x) = x2 – 4x + 3
4. C 2. f(x) = x2 – x - 12
5. B 3. f(x) = x2 + 11x + 30
4. f(x) = 2x2 – 13x + 15
5. f(x) = 9x2 – 9x – 28

II.
Possible Answer: f(x) = -3x2 + 2x + 21 or any quadratic function whose
equation has zeros -7/3 and 3 and whose value of a is any nonzero
negative real number.

III

If some people By throwing Your Always

are hurting words courageous remember that
obliterating soul,

f(x) = x2 + 7x – 8 f(x) = x2 – 121 f(x) = 25x2 + 5x – 2 f(x) = x2 – 10x – 56

Who will
There is embrace you With And will lift you
someone incomparable up
love

f(x) = x2 + 3x – 54 f(x) = x2 – 49 f(x) = x2 – 4x – 45 f(x) = x2 – 11x +18

From the Of judgements

quicksand

f(x) = x2 + 11x + 24 f(x) = 8x2 – 10x + 3

Message: If some people are hurting you by throwing words obliterating your courageous
soul, always remember that there is someone who will embrace you with incomparable
love and will lift you up from the quicksand of judgements.
 15

Check your understanding!

1. f(x) = x2 – 11x + 28
2. f(x) = x2 – 2x - 48
3. f(x) = x2 + 2x - 35
4. f(x) = x2 + 12x + 32
5. f(x) = 5x2 – 6x + 8
6. f(x) = 4x2 + 18x + 45
7. f(x) = 10x2 - x - 3
 16

REFERENCES

Books

Bernabe, Julieta G., et. al. (2009). Advanced Algebra, Trigonometry and Statistics:
Textbook for Fourth Year (Revised Edition). Quezon City: SD Publications, Inc.,
pp. 75-76.

Bryant, Merden L., et. al. (2014). Mathematics Grade 9 Learner’s Material. Philippines:
Department of Education, pp. 160-161, 164-166.

Mathematics Learner’s Material for Open High School (Grade 9), pp. 99 – 104.