EFAL Grade 10 booklet 2 Term 2 MAY 2023 2
EFAL Grade 10 booklet 2 Term 2 MAY 2023 2
EFAL Grade 10 booklet 2 Term 2 MAY 2023 2
Directorate: Curriculum
FET
REVISION BOOKLET
2023 TERM 2
Grade 10
This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical content
and skills envisaged/ planned to be covered during the 2nd term. The
purpose is to prepare you to understand the key concepts and to provide you
with an opportunity to establish the required standard and the application of
the knowledge necessary to succeed in the NCS examination.
The revision program covers the following topics:
2 Comprehension 12-19
EXA M TER M M E A N IN G
TITLE: NOSTALGIA
PLOT SUMMARY
Ella returns to Cape Town to visit her mother. She left ten years ago, and her mother is
still angry with her for leaving. They sit in the lounge and talk. Ella wants to know why
her mother ignored all her letters. They argue. Ella goes to the window and looks down at
the square. She remembers her father working there, making leather handbags and belts.
Her
mother is angry with her because Ella did not come home for his funeral. Her mother goes
to the kitchen to make tea. While she is there, she thinks nostalgically about how she
misses the way things were when she was younger. When she comes back into the lounge,
Ella asks her why she never protected her from her father. He used to drink and sexually
abuse her.
Her mother pretends that she did not originally know about the abuse. She lies and says
that she only found out about it when Ella was old enough to protect herself. Ella is upset
that her mother still will not take responsibility for what happened to her when she was a
little girl. She decides to leave. She invites her mother to call her while she in Cape Town,
but it does not seem like she really believes that her mother will.
SETTING
The story is set in Cape Town. Ella visits her mother in her childhood flat on a noisy,
crowded and dirty square off Church Street. Most of the story takes place in the lounge.
SUMMARY REVIEW ACTIVITY: CLOZE PROCEDURE
Below is a summary of the story. Fill each of the gaps with a word / a few words:
Ella returns to Cape Town to visit her [1] . She left ten years
ago, and her mother is still angry with her for leaving. They sit in the
lounge and talk. Ella wants to know why her mother ignored all her
[2]
. They argue. Ella goes to the [3] and looks down at
the square. She remembers her [4] working there, making
leather handbags and [5] . Her mother is angry with her because
she didn’t come home for his funeral. Her mother goes to the
kitchen to make
While she is there, she thinks nostalgically about how she misses
the way things were when she was [7] . When she comes back into
the
[8] , Ella asks her why she never protected her from her father.
CONCEPTUAL VOCABULARY
nostalgia (n.) A wish to return to the happiness of the past. Ella’s mother is
nostalgic about the past, when she was young and beautiful. Ella
does not think nostalgically about the past, because she was so
unhappy living with her abusive father.
to infer (v.) To infer something is to work it out, even though it is not said
directly. We can infer that Ella’s father used to sexually abuse her,
even though we are not told that directly. We make an inference.
MAJOR CHARACTERS
NAME ELLA
IMPORTANT 1 Ella goes home to visit her mother after ten years.
ACTIONS 2 They talk and argue.
3 She shows her mother that she is upset with her for not taking
her away from her father when she was a child because he
sexually abused her.
MAJOR CHARACTERS
RELATIONSHIPS Ella has a bad relationship with her mother. She left South Africa ten
years ago to get away from her father. She wrote to her mother
and invited her to visit, but her mother ignored her. We do not
meet her husband, but we know they have an honest relationship
because she has told him about her father’s abuse.
PERSONALITY Ella is angry and sad that her father used to sexually abuse her,
TRAITS and her mother did not protect her. She tries to be calm, but she finds it
difficult to talk to her mother.
PHYSICAL She is 35 years old. She has streaked brown hair and elegant fingers.
DESCRIPTION She is wearing a wide blue cotton skirt and silk blouse.
CHANGES When the story starts, Ella is very nervous about seeing her mother.
She wants the conversation to go well. When she leaves, she
realises that nothing has changed. She invites her mother to
contact her while she is in Cape Town, but it does not seem likely that
she will. She does not find peace.
Family relationships can be complicated and difficult. We cannot change who our family
members are. Sometimes, when bad things happen with someone we love, it is hard to
walk away and end our relationship with them.
EVIDENCE OF THEME IN TEXT
This story shows how complicated and difficult family relationships can be. Ella wants to
forgive her mother and have a better relationship with her. However, her mother still
refuses to admit she did anything wrong. This hurts Ella’s feelings and she has to leave.
Even though Ella’s mother treats her badly, she does not just end her relationship with her.
She tells her she can contact her while she is still in Cape Town. Even though Ella’s
mother is unkind and has allowed horrible things to happen to Ella, Ella is hesitant (not
sure if she really wants to) just to end her relationship with her altogether.
THEME 2
NOSTALGIA
Nostalgia is the feeling of looking back on the past with fond memories, and longing
for things to be the same as they were back then. When we feel nostalgic, we
generally
remember only the good things about the past and we forget about the difficulties. Often
people feel nostalgia for their childhoods.
Ella’s mother looks back at her life remembering how happy she was when she was younger
and had beautiful clothes and things. Ella, sadly, can’t be nostalgic about her childhood
because she suffered abuse from her father.
THEME 3
TAKING RESPONSIBILITY
Everyone makes mistakes in life. When we take responsibility for those mistakes, we
are able to heal the relationships we have damaged. If we will not take responsibility, it
is difficult to do that.
Ella’s mother refuses to take responsibility for her actions. She makes lots of excuses for
her husband’s behaviour. She says that he worked hard and sacrificed his happiness to
support his daughter. She also makes excuses for not leaving him when she found out
about the abuse. She lies and says that she did not know about the abuse until Ella was old
enough
to protect herself. She also says that they had nowhere else to go and could not support
themselves. It is this refusal to take responsibility that makes Ella so sad.
When Ella realises that her mother will not take responsibility, she leaves. There is
nothing left for her to say.
2 MEMORIES:
Although the story happens when Ella is an adult, we learn about her past from her
memories. For example, she remembers her father working down in the square and how
much she hated the noise and the dirt of the square. We get a different picture of the past
from her mother’s memories. She remembers how much she enjoyed the company of her
neighbours, and how she loved dressing up. These memories show us that Ella and her
mother had very different experiences in their pasts.
3 INFERENCE:
The narrator does not tell us directly that Ella’s father sexually abused her. However, we are
given clues throughout the story. These enable us to infer it, or work it out for ourselves.
These are some of the clues:
• When Ella remembers how badly her father was treated by the Apartheid police, she
thinks, ‘Perhaps that was why’ (pg. 200). We are not told directly what she means, but
it is a clue that something bad happened. We later infer that she is thinking that
perhaps he abused her because he was so angry about the way he was treated and did
not know what to do with his anger.
• Later we are told that when she tried to book a flight to fly home for his funeral, she
could not because, ‘...her hand froze on the receiver’ (pg. 201). We are not directly
told why, but it is a clue that she was too emotional to even come to his funeral. We
A
NOSTALGI
can infer that something terrible happened in her past involving her father.
• When Ella asks her mother, ‘Why?’ (pg. 202), we are not told directly what she
means. We infer that she is asking why her mother did not take her away when she
discovered that her father was abusing her. When Ella is leaving she tells her mother
that she can call her. She says that her husband knows everything. She does not
explain what he knows everything about. This is a clue. We infer that he knows
about the sexual abuse.
SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS
Read the following extract from ‘Nostalgia’ and then answer the questions which
follow it:
1 Refer to ‘But you don’t see it, do you?’ (line 16). Choose the correct answer to
complete the following sentence. Write only the letter (A–D) next to the
question number 1 in your answer. [1]
When Ella asks her mother ‘But you don’t see, it do you?’ she is feeling…
A embarrassed
B sensitive
C frustrated
D cheerful
C frustrated (✓)
2 Refer to ‘I must explain myself to you?’ (line 2). Choose the correct answer to
complete the following sentence. Write only the letter (A–D) next to the
question number 2 in your answer. [1]
When Ella’s mother asks, ‘I must explain myself to you?’, she means…
A I do not need to explain myself to you.
B You must explain yourself to me.
C I can’t explain myself to you.
D I want to explain myself to you.
A I do not need to explain myself to you (✓)
3 What is Ella referring to when she says, ‘What he did was wrong.’ (line 14) [1]
Her father’s abuse/ sexually abusing her (✓).
4 Refer to “‘And all we can trust is the truth. What he did was wrong,’ Ella said, her
face flushed as she spun at the end of the room and walked in the opposite
direction again”. (line 14)
a What does it mean that Ella’s face is ‘flushed’? [1]
8 In your opinion, how is the fact that Ella’s mother is a self-centred woman conveyed
A
NOSTALGI
NOTE: Accept any THREE of these points, or any other reasonable answers.
9 Refer to ‘We are two utterly different people.’ (lines 16–17):
a Who says this? [1]
Ella (✓)
b To whom are these words directed? [1]
Ella says this to her mother. (✓)
c Give evidence from the story which shows these words to be true. [2]
• Ella’s mother has positive memories about the past and about Ella’s
father. Ella’s memories about her father are negative (✓).
• Ella wants to have an honest conversation with her mother. Her mother
refuses to be honest about the past (✓).
TOTAL: 16 MARKS
COMPREHENSION
Comprehension answering skills
Comprehension text
TITLE
• Read the title carefully – paying close attention to each word and noting any
interesting techniques
used to attract the reader’s attention.
• What does the title of the passage reveal about the content?
• Are you able to predict content based on the title?
PASSAGE
ANSWERING QUESTIONS
• Use the instruction part of the question in the first part of your answer, as a guide,
to ensure that you are in fact answering WHAT THE QUESTION IS ASKING.
• Note any paragraph references in the question and limit yourself to this in your
answer – however remember the context of the passage is important as well.
• Check the mark allocation in order to determine the number of points required for your
answer.
INSTRUCTION WORDS
Ensure that you understand what is required when the following instruction words
appear in a question:
Analyse Discuss the main ideas and their relative importance
Comment on Discuss, criticise and explain in detail
Compare Show similarities and differences
Define Distinguish accurately between what is and what is
not
Describe Give a detailed account of the topic
Discuss This calls for arguments in favour of and against the
statement
Evaluate Discuss the worth, truth and importance of the
statement
Explain Interpret and clarify, with reasons
Illustrate Give concrete examples and comparisons
Interpret Use your own ideas and give example
Relate Argue how two or more aspects are related to each
other
Mention Briefly name what is required
Outline Give the main points arranged in the correct order
State Give a description of the most important aspects of
the topic
Tabulate Draw up a table and fill in particulars needed
ACTIVITY:
SECTION A: COMPREHENSION
QUESTION 1
Read the passage below and answer the set questions.
Text A - CANCER SURVIVOR BEATS ODDS TO BECOME DOCTOR
1. A young Port Elizabeth woman who almost died of leukaemia as a child has
beaten the odds to realise her dream of becoming a medical doctor. It has
been a long, hard road for Nosiphiwo Ntenge, 23, of Motherwell, whose father
is a security guard and mother sold roosterkoek to supplement the family’s
meagre income.
2. 5
But sheer grit and determination have pulled her through and, on January 1,
she will proudly don her white coat and stethoscope for the first time as a
qualified medical doctor. The youngest of six children, Ntenge was diagnosed
in 1990 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, when she was just eight months
3. old.
10
After three months of chemotherapy at the Red Cross Hospital in Cape Town,
she went into remission and returned home to continue her three-year
treatment at the Paediatric Oncology Clinic at Livingstone Hospital. Her final
bone marrow result in 1993 was clear. Although her cancer was in remission,
Ntenge had to visit her doctor, Abe Daniels, regularly for check-ups until she
4. 15 was 18, and this is where her dream of one day becoming a physician was 15
born.
“I think I was six years old when I first decided I wanted to be a doctor, and I
used to put on Dr Daniels’ stethoscope during my visits and pretend to be
him,” she said. “It was just a childhood dream at that point. But in Grade 8, I 20
started working seriously towards the dream, with his help. I never doubted
5. that I would be a doctor – I knew that if I worked hard enough, I would get the
money to study. There are always bursaries.”
The petite Ntenge, who will be working at the Port Elizabeth Hospital
Complex from next year, slogged tirelessly to make sure she was accepted
6. into medical school at the University of Cape Town. “I knew I had to get good 25
marks and so I worked hard every day towards that – and it paid off. I got
accepted on my trial results.”
The motivated woman saw how her parents, Mbuyiseli and Nokhangelekile,
battled to educate her sister and four brothers, yet all of them have gone on 30
30 to study further, and she worked even harder to achieve her dream. “I also
7. had good role models who inspired me. Dr Daniels, who made me want to
become a doctor, and my older brother, Siyanda, who was one of those
pupils at our school, Douglas Mbopha, who was always among the top
achievers,” Ntenge said.
35
Daniels said Ntenge was one of a kind. “I am very proud of her. Once she
made the decision to be a doctor, she did everything in her power to make
sure she got her dream. “From when she was in Grade 8, she used to bring
me her report card and we would go through it and I would tell her where to
improve – she constantly did well. She did not fail one subject at university. 40
She worked over holidays and weekends, without gadgets like laptops. She
should be an inspiration to many.” He said Ntenge qualifying as doctor was
the best thing that had happened to him. “It proves what perseverance,
dedication and commitment can do. Yes, I am thrilled to bits ... I salute her.”
[The Herald, 24 December 2013]
PLEASE NOTE:
Answer all the questions in your OWN WORDS, unless you are asked for a
quotation.
For one-word answers, write only the question number and the word.
For multiple-choice questions, write only the question number and the letter (A–D)
of the correct answer.
1.3.1 State the name of the treatment that Ntenge received at (1)
the Red
1.3.2 Cross Hospital. (1)
The word ‘remission’ means ...
A. to be completely cured.
B. to cancel an appointment.
C. to shorten your visit to the doctor.
D. a lessening of the severity of an illness.
(2)
1.3.3 Why was Ntenge referred, specifically, to the Paediatric
Oncology Clinic at the Livingstone Hospital?
(1)
Who inspired Nosiphiwo to become a doctor?
1.3.4
1.4.1 State whether the following statement is TRUE or FALSE and quote
a SENTENCE to prove your answer.
Ntenge worked earnestly throughout her school career towards her (1)
ambition.
(2)
1.4.2 Why was it necessary for Ntenge to work very hard at school?
1.7 Quote SIX consecutive words that suggest that Nosiphiwo also (1)
attended school at Douglas Mbopha.
NOTE: When answering the questions, use your own words as far as possible,
unless
you are asked for a quotation.
1.11 Mention TWO outlets where you can purchase your bandana. (2)
1.12 Comment on the writer’s use of the words ‘giving someone a future’. (2)
1.13 Has the advertiser’s message been conveyed successfully? Briefly (2)
discuss.
/6/
TOTAL SECTION A: [30]
MEMORANDUM
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This memorandum serves as a guide to markers. Some responses may require a
marker’s discretion.
2. Learners’ responses should be assessed as objectively as possible.
SECTION A: COMPREHENSION
NOTE: Incorrect spelling and language errors should not be penalised, because the
focus is on understanding.
QUESTION 1 TEXT A
1.1 1.1.1 She had leukaemia/cancer/blood cancer. √ (1)
1.1.2 She wanted to be a medical doctor. √ (1)
1.1.3 He was a security guard. √ (1)
1.1.4 It means that the mother had to work to add √ to
the father’s small income. √
NOTE: In the answer the learner must show an
understanding of the word supplement and (2)
meagre.
1.2 1.2.1
“grit” √
NOTE: The word must be spelt correctly. Do not (1)
penalise if inverted commas are omitted.
1.2.2 (1)
It means she will put on/wear her white coat (with
1.3 1.3.1 pride). √ (1)
1.9 When she went for her check-ups he would play with
her. / He would allow her to pretend she was him/a doctor. (2)
√ He should study her report card and advise her where to
improve. √
1.12 It means that by donating money, you will provide funds (2)
so that these children will be able to receive treatment that
could result in them being cured and so they will be able
to achieve their dreams one day. √√
TEXT C
HOW TO STAY MOTIVATED
Motivation is very powerful and studies have shown that motivation is more
important than intelligence and ability in determining success. No one, however,
can motivate you but yourself.
Limit distractions by creating a space that will allow you to concentrate while you
work. It is easy to lose motivation if you are tempted to do other things. Focus on 5
achievement. Can you think back to when you achieved something? How did it
feel? How will you feel if you can achieve again?
Find something of interest in your studies. If you start to enjoy what you are
learning about, you will do better at it. Spend at least an hour a day empowering
yourself. This can be achieved by reading good books, listening to inspiring 15
messages and finding inspirational quotes.
A bit of competition can be a great motivator. Start a study contest with your
friends. Dream about your future. What do you need to get there? If you really
want something badly enough, you will have to work hard to get there.
TERM EXPLANATION
Comic strip A sequence of drawings telling a humorous or adventurous
story – found in newspapers, etc.
Frame Each separate picture in a comic strip is called a frame.
punchline The final phrase or sentence of a cartoon, providing the
humour. The different frames usually build up to the punch
line in the last frame.
Font It refers to the size and type of letters used. Larger or bold
letters are used for emphasis.
Movement lines Movement is indicated by means of vertical, curved and
diagonal lines. Speedy action is indicated by streaky lines, or
by the action going out of the frame.
Punctuation Clever use is made of punctuation to create meaning.
Speech bubbles Speech bubbles are used to indicate the words spoken by
the character.
Visual clues Some parts of the drawing which may be used to help the
reader establish what the cartoon is about.
Irony When one thing is said, but something else is meant.
Stereotype An exaggerated preconceived generalisation about the
typical behaviour, attitudes, dress, etc. of various types of
people.
Satire Uses humour to make a serious point. It involves using wit,
irony or sarcasm to highlight human vices or follies.
Anti-climax this is when tension is created and we expect something
important or exciting to happen, but instead, the ending is
very ordinary or a let-down.
Body language means the way in which a character is drawn to show what his or her
feelings are.
Caricature: features or actions of a person are exaggerated to help the reader work
out who is being represented or what aspect of the person’s character is being
emphasised.
Language: What words have been used? How has punctuation been used to
suggest emotion?
Setting: Where and when is the cartoon set? What is the particular social
context?
Stereotypes / Symbols: Has the cartoonist made use of stereotypes? Has the
cartoonist used any symbols to represent something else?
CREATIVE WRITING
DIALOGUE