Thermochemistry Formula Sheet

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Thermochemistry Formula Sheet:

1st Law of Thermodynamics: Internal Energy:

Endothermic: 𝑞 = + ∆𝑼 = 𝑞 + 𝑊
Exothermic: 𝑞 = −
Work Done By/On a Gas:
𝑾 = −𝑃∆𝑉
Work done by the system: 𝑊 = −
Work done on the system: 𝑊 = + 1 𝐿 ∗ 1 𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 101.3 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠

Specific Heat Capacity: 𝑱⁄(𝒈 ℃)


𝑞
𝑪𝑺 =
𝑚∆𝑇

Molar Heat Capacity: 𝑱⁄(𝒎𝒐𝒍 ℃)


𝑞
𝑪𝑴 =
𝑛∆𝑇

Heat Capacity: 𝑱⁄℃


𝑞
𝑪𝑯 =
∆𝑇

Calorimetry – Temperature Change:


𝒒 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇

𝐽 𝐽 𝐽
𝐶𝐻2𝑂 = 4.184 𝐶𝐼𝑐𝑒 = 2.09 𝐶𝑆𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚 = 2.03
𝑔℃ 𝑔℃ 𝑔℃
Calorimetry – Phase Change:
𝒒 = 𝑚∆𝐻 𝒒 = 𝑛∆𝐻

H2O: ∆𝐻𝑓𝑢𝑠 = 334 𝐽⁄𝑔 ∆𝐻𝑓𝑢𝑠 = 6.01 𝑘𝐽⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙


H2O: ∆𝐻𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 2260 𝐽⁄𝑔 ∆𝐻𝑣𝑎𝑝 = 40.7 𝑘𝐽⁄𝑚𝑜𝑙
Final Temperature of a Mixture:
−𝑞𝐴 = 𝑞𝐵
TA → Initial Temp. of Substance A
TB → Initial Temp. of Substance B −𝑚𝐴 𝐶𝐴 (𝑇𝐹 − 𝑇𝐴 ) = 𝑚𝐵 𝐶𝐵 (𝑇𝐹 − 𝑇𝐵 )

Note: This equation will work if there are no phase changes.


Coffee Cup Calorimeter:
𝑞𝑟𝑥𝑛
∆𝑯𝒐 𝒓𝒙𝒏 = 𝑞𝑟𝑥𝑛 = −𝑞𝐻2𝑂
𝑛
Enthalpy Change:
∆𝑯𝒐 𝒓𝒙𝒏 = ∑ 𝑛 𝐻 𝑜𝑓 (𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠) − ∑ 𝑛 𝐻 𝑜𝑓 (𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠)

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