Data Warehouse Architecture-Group 1

Data Warehouse Architecture
A data warehouse architecture is a method of defining the overall architecture of

data communication processing and presentation that exist for end-clients
computing within the enterprise. Each data warehouse is different, but all are
characterized by standard vital components.
Production applications such as payroll accounts payable product purchasing and
inventory control are designed for online transaction processing (OLTP). Such
applications gather detailed data from day to day operations.
Data Warehouse applications are designed to support the user ad-hoc data
requirements, an activity recently dubbed online analytical processing (OLAP).
These include applications such as forecasting, profiling, summary reporting, and
trend analysis.
Production databases are updated continuously by either by hand or via OLTP
applications. In contrast, a warehouse database is updated from operational
systems periodically, usually during off-hours. As OLTP data accumulates in
production databases, it is regularly extracted, filtered, and then loaded into a
dedicated warehouse server that is accessible to users. As the warehouse is
populated, it must be restructured tables de-normalized, data cleansed of errors and
redundancies and new fields and keys added to reflect the needs to the user for
sorting, combining, and summarizing data.
Data warehouses and their architectures very depending upon the elements of an
organization's situation.
Three common architectures are:
o Data Warehouse Architecture: Basic
o Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area
o Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area and Data Marts
Data Warehouse Architecture: Basic

Operational System
An operational system is a method used in data warehousing to refer to
a system that is used to process the day-to-day transactions of an organization.
Flat Files
A Flat file system is a system of files in which transactional data is stored, and
every file in the system must have a different name.
Meta Data
A set of data that defines and gives information about other data.
Meta Data used in Data Warehouse for a variety of purpose, including:
Meta Data summarizes necessary information about data, which can make finding
and work with particular instances of data more accessible. For example, author,
data build, and data changed, and file size are examples of very basic document
metadata.
Metadata is used to direct a query to the most appropriate data source.
Lightly and highly summarized data
The area of the data warehouse saves all the predefined lightly and highly
summarized (aggregated) data generated by the warehouse manager.
The goals of the summarized information are to speed up query performance. The
summarized record is updated continuously as new information is loaded into the
warehouse.
End-User access Tools
The principal purpose of a data warehouse is to provide information to the business
managers for strategic decision-making. These customers interact with the
warehouse using end-client access tools.
The examples of some of the end-user access tools can be:
o Reporting and Query Tools
o Application Development Tools
o Executive Information Systems Tools
o Online Analytical Processing Tools
o Data Mining Tools
Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area

We must clean and process your operational information before put it into the
warehouse.
e can do this programmatically, although data warehouses uses a staging area (A
place where data is processed before entering the warehouse).
A staging area simplifies data cleansing and consolidation for operational method
coming from multiple source systems, especially for enterprise data warehouses
where all relevant data of an enterprise is consolidated.
Data Warehouse Staging Area is a temporary location where a record from
source systems is copied.
Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area and Data Marts

We may want to customize our warehouse's architecture for multiple groups within
our organization.
We can do this by adding data marts. A data mart is a segment of a data
warehouses that can provided information for reporting and analysis on a section,
unit, department or operation in the company, e.g., sales, payroll, production, etc.
The figure illustrates an example where purchasing, sales, and stocks are
separated. In this example, a financial analyst wants to analyze historical data for
purchases and sales or mine historical information to make predictions about
customer behavior.

Data Warehouse Architecture-Group 1

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Data Warehouse Architecture-Group 1

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Data Warehouse Architecture

A data warehouse architecture is a method of defining the overall architecture of

o Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area

o Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area and Data Marts

Data Warehouse Architecture: Basic

o Application Development Tools

o Executive Information Systems Tools

o Online Analytical Processing Tools

o Data Mining Tools

Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area

Data Warehouse Architecture: With Staging Area and Data Marts

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