A SEMINAR REPORT ON

“Ecommerce ,innovative trading and E-banking services

of HDFC ”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of
“MASTERS OF COMMERCE”

(SESSION=2024-2025)
SUPERVISOR:
SUBMITTED BY:
PROF. PARAMJIT SINGH. MANJOT
KAUR
M.C
OM2
124
03
SCHOOL OF COMMERCE AND MANAGEMENT
 CONTENT
 Introduction
 What is e-commerce?
 Types of e-commerce platforms
 Types of e-commerce
 Types of goods and services you can sell through e-
commerce
 Benefits of e-commerce
 Advantages and disadvantage of e-commerce
 E-commerce innovation and trends
 Ebanking services of HDFC
 How does e-commerce work?
 Characteristics of e-commerce
 Examples
 E-commerce ideas and trends
 E-commerce in the 20th century
 E-commerce in the 21st century
 Conclusion
 Bibliography
 Introduction
E-commerce, or electronic commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and jiji over
the internet. It involves the use of electronic platforms, such as websites, mobile applications,
and social media, to conduct transactions between businesses and consumers or between
businesses. E-commerce has revolutionized the way businesses operate and has created new
opportunities for entrepreneurs and consumers alike.
One of the primary benefits of e-commerce is that it offers a more convenient and efficient
way to conduct business. Consumers can browse and purchase products from the comfort of
their own homes, while businesses can reach a global audience without the need for a
physical storefront. E-commerce has also enabled businesses to streamline their operations by
automating many of the tasks involved in the sales process, such as inventory management,
order processing, and shipping.

E-commerce has continued to grow in popularity and importance, particularly in light of the
COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a surge in online shopping as people seek to minimize
in-person interactions. As a result, businesses that are able to adapt to the e-commerce
landscape are likely to have a competitive advantage in the years to come.
E-commerce is also known as Electronic Commerce, refers to buying and selling of
products or services over the Internet. Normally e-commerce is used to refer to the sale of
physical products online, but it can also describe any kind of commercial transaction that
is facilitated through the internet.
E-commerce has helped companies (especially those with a narrow reach, like small, local
businesses) gain access to a wider market by providing cheaper and more efficient sales and
distribution channels for their products or services.

 E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet.
 It is conducted over computers, tablets, smartphones, and other smart devices.
 Almost anything can be purchased through e-commerce today, and it has lowered the
barriers to entry for many types of businesses, such as retailers.
 E-commerce can be a substitute for brick-and-mortar stores, though some businesses
choose to maintain both.
 E-commerce operates in several market segments, including business-to-
business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and consumer-to-
business.

What is an Ecommerce?

E-commerce, put simply, is the practice of buying and selling goods orservices using the
Internet. It has gained immense popularity as a way of doing business because it's
convenient and accessible at the same time. Instead of a physical store where the products
to be sold are generally displayed, e-commerce businesses have virtual storefronts where
customers can browse and purchase products or services online itself.
Types of ecommerce platforms and online sales channels

There are many ways to reach and sell to consumers online, including owned channels like an
online store and through third-party platforms. There are pros and cons to each and many
online sellers choose an omnichannel approach, selling through multiple channels.

 Ecommerce platforms

An ecommerce platform is a service that allows you to make money online through your own
website. Shopify is an example of an ecommerce company that enables individuals, creators,
and businesses of all sizes to sell online and in person through a brick-and-mortar store.

Benefits: These ecommerce companies generally offer everything you need to build a
website, create product listings, and accept payments online, making them an easy way to
build a brand and start selling.

Challenges: Selling on your own website requires active marketing efforts to drive traffic and
make sales.

Online marketplaces

Online marketplaces are ecommerce sales channels that allow you to sell products and
services to an active audience. Online selling sites like Amazon or Etsy are also powerful
search engines, as they are often the first point of discovery for consumers looking for
products.

Benefits: You can sell on marketplaces in tandem with your Shopify online store using
integrations to sync sales. Marketplaces often have discovery built in, meaning you benefit
from traffic with less active marketing.
Challenges: Marketplaces make it difficult to build a brand versus a standalone ecommerce
store. You often don’t own your customer lists and you have limited control over the look
and feel of your store or brand.

Social selling channels

Many social media platforms offer in-platform buying and selling features, enabling small
businesses or personal brands to sell directly to audiences without an online storefront.
Facebook and Instagram both offer native shopping features. You can also sell to social
audiences with a Shopify Starter plan, an economical alternative to a full ecommerce website.

Benefits: You can easily sell to existing audiences on channels you already manage without
building an ecommerce website.

Challenges: The audiences you build on social media sites areoften not owned. If you lose
your account or the platform shuts down, you will need to rebuild from scratch.
Types of e-commerce: Electronic commerce business models and examples
The most traditional types of e-commerce business models and examples of how they work
include:

1. Business to Consumer (B2C): B2C e-commerce is the most popular e-commerce

model. Business to consumer means that the sale is taking place between a business
and a consumer, like when you buy something from an online retailer.
2. Business to Business (B2B): B2B e-commerce refers to a business sellinga good or
service to another business, like a manufacturer and wholesaler, or a wholesaler and
a retailer. Business to business e-commerce isn’t consumer-facing, and usually
involves products like raw materials, software, or products that are combined.
Manufacturers also sell directly to retailers via B2B electronic commerce.
3. Direct to Consumer (D2C): Direct to consumer e-commerce is the newest model of
ecommerce, and trends within this category are continually changing. D2C means
that a brand is selling directly to their end customer without going through a retailer,
distributor, or wholesaler. Subscriptions are a popular D2C item, and social selling
via platforms like InstaGram, Pinterest, TikTok, Facebook, SnapChat, etc. are
popular platforms for direct to consumer sales.
4. Consumer to Consumer (C2C): C2C e-commerce refers to the sale of a good or
service to another consumer. Consumer to consumer sales take place on platforms
like eBay, Etsy, and Fivver.
5. Consumer to Business (C2B): Consumer to business is when an individual sells
their services or products to a business organization. C2B encompasses influencers
offering exposure, photographers, consultants, freelance writers, etc.
6. Business to Government (B2G): Also known as business-to-administration (B2A),
business to government involves the sale of goods and services between the business
sector as a supplier and a government entity as a customer. For example,
government agencies may orders goods or services from external third-party
contractors for cleaning and maintaining of public spaces like parks.
7. Consumer to Government (C2G): Also called consumer-to-administration (C2A),
consumer to government enables consumers to provide feedback or request
information regarding public agencies directly to the government administration or
authorities. Examples include paying an electricity bill or taxes through a
government website.
Types of goods and services you can sell through an e-commerce business
Three types of goods and services you can sell online:

1. Physicalgoods
The sale of physical goods is the exchange of monetary value for the purchase of
goods that are tangible and have physical mass, for example, merchandize.
Physical goods include both durable (think: cars, TVs, furniture) and non-durable
goods (e.g., food and beverages).

2. Digitalgoods
The sale of digital goods involves the exchange of monetary value for purchase of
good that are intangible and exist in digital form, such as digital media like audio
files, video files, and e-books.

3. E-commerceservices
The sale of e-commerce services involves the exchange of monetary value in
return for value to customers that want to achieve specific outcomes. Put another
way, a service is a means of delivering value to customers by facilitating specific
outcomes that customers expect to achieve. Examples of e-commerce services
include transportation, healthcare, and education.
Benefits of e-commerce and the disadvantages of electronic commerce

1. Access to new technologies: With progressive enhancements to e-commerce

platforms and technologies, you can always find ways to streamline your e-
commerce business operations to save time and money. In contrast, there are
limitations to what technology can do to streamline physical stores. Electronic
commerce has the upper hand in its ability to leverage technology to streamline
operations, market products, improve team collaboration, and provide faster
customer service.

2. Increased selection of products. Retail brands have the flexibility to offer a wider
selection of products through their online store online compared to their physical
brick-and-mortar stores. Many retail brands also offer consumers access to exclusive
inventory and promotional offers that aren’t available elsewhere.

3. Lower start-up cost. Compared to traditional retail stores, pure-play e-commerce

businesses can avoid a lot of upfront start-up costs associated with running physical
stores such as rent, inventory, and in-store headcount. However, they can have
warehouse costs and shipping costs.

4. International or cross-border sales opportunities. As long as a customers can place

an order online and the e-commerce store can capture the revenue from the sale, then
ship the product or service to the customer’s location, online stores aren’t limited by
geographic location as brick-and-mortar stores are. An ecommerce store allows your
business to reach more customers, globally — maximizing selling potential.

5. Easily retarget customers online. E-commerce stores regularly use retargeting as a

way to attract and retain existing customers, or acquire new look-a-like customers.
With retargeting, you can either target your existing customers, or your most
profitable customers with products that are similar to the ones they love, or
complement their past purchases. Retargeting is also a strategy used by online stores
to recover abandoned carts.

6. Scalability with lower operational costs: As the customer base grows, brick-and-
mortar retail operations are forced to either relocate to a larger location or expand
their physical store footprint, all of which comes with significant costs. In contrast, an
e-commerce platform can be equipped to handle high traffic volume and sales spikes,
enabling an e-commerce businesses to scale with increased inventory and order
fulfillment.

7. Delivery personalized experiences. E-commerce businesses can personalize

everything from onsite search to dynamic pricing and curated product
 recommendations. With an AI-powered e-commerce platform, you can upsell, cross-
sell, and present products that customers are most likely to be interested in, thereby
increasing revenue-per-customer

8. Access to new technologies: With progressive enhancements to e-commerce

platforms and technologies, you can always find ways to streamline your e-commerce
business operations to save time and money. In contrast, there are limitations to what
technology can do to streamline physical stores. Electronic commerce has the upper
hand in its ability to leverage technology to streamline operations, market products,
improve team collaboration, and provide faster customer service.

In comparison to a brick and mortar store, an ecommerce business has disadvantages,

which include:

 Limited interactions with customers. If customers have questions or an issue

with a product they purchased, they can visit a physical store and speak directly
with a store manager or customer-service rep to address their issue by returning or
replacing the product. Ecommerce business are can’t provide direct in-person
customer service and support. Some e-commerce websites employ online chat or
click-to-call features to reach a live person, but it’s not a standard practice.

 No ability to try-and-buy. Visual representation of products on e-commerce

stores using images or video cannot deliver the full experience a physical store is
able to provide its customers. For example, at a departmental or a footwear store
you have the ability to try it and then buy it.

 Lack of instant gratification. With e-commerce, you must wait for the product
to be shipped to you. While e-commerce businesses like Amazon have made
significant investments to improve last-mile delivery by offering same-day
delivery for some of its products, they can’t offer the instant gratification physical
stores provide customers.

 Unreliable technology and security breaches. E-commerce businesses are

susceptible to website crashes, or websites needing to be taken down, especially in
the event of a security breach compromising personal customer data. This leads to
loss of sales and revenue while the electronic commerce store is down.

 Stiff competition. Due to low barrier to entry and low start-up costs, competitors
can easily enter the market selling the same or competing products at lower costs,
thereby cutting into your margins and revenue. As a result, e-commerce business
must be hyper-diligent in their marketing strategies to remain competitive.
E-Commerce Innovation and Trends in 2024

In the ever-evolving world of e-commerce, innovation is the key to staying ahead of the curve
and delivering exceptional shopping experiences to customers. From AI artificial intelligence
and personalization to seamless payment solutions and immersive technologies, businesses
are continuously exploring new avenues to enhance the e-commerce landscape. In this post,
we will delve into the trends innovating e-commerce and explore how forward-thinking
strategies can revolutionize the digital shopping experience.

1. Embracing AI-Powered Personalization

One of the most significant advancements in e-commerce is the integration of artificial

intelligence (AI) for personalized shopping experiences. AI algorithms analyze customer
behavior, preferences, and past purchases to offer tailored product recommendations and
personalized marketing campaigns. By leveraging AI, e-commerce businesses can create
customized experiences that resonate with customers, increasing engagement and conversion
rates.

2. Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL)

Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) is a convenient payment option that enables customers to make
online and in-store purchases without paying the full amount upfront. The market’s
expansion is driven by factors like digitalization, increased merchant adoption, the growing
popularity among younger consumers, and the emergence of new lending players offering
BNPL services. Younger consumers particularly favor BNPL services due to the advantages
it offers, such as purchasing expensive laptops and smartphones or paying for stationery
products in installments.

3.Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR)

Immersive technologies like AR and VR have the potential to revolutionize e-commerce by

providing interactive and engaging shopping experiences. AR allows customers to visualize
products in real-world environments, enabling them to make informed purchasing decisions.
VR takes it a step further by creating virtual shopping environments where customers can
browse and interact with products in a highly immersive manner. These technologies provide
a unique and unforgettable shopping journey, boosting customer satisfaction and reducing
returns.

Depending on the industry AR and VR can be useful. In the Automotive industry for
example, BMW has taken a step forward with its i Visualizer app. By incorporating AR
technology, customers can now witness and personalize their cars in real-time.

4. Streamlining the Supply Chain with Blockchain

Blockchain technology offers a promising solution to streamline the e-commerce supply

chain. Its decentralized and transparent nature enables secure and efficient tracking of
products from manufacturing to delivery. With blockchain, businesses can enhance supply
chain visibility, reduce fraud, and build trust among customers by ensuring the authenticity
and traceability of products.
5. Voice Commerce and Conversational AI

Voice assistants and conversational AI have emerged as significant trends in e-commerce

innovation. Voice commerce allows customers to place orders, make inquiries, and receive
personalized recommendations using voice commands. By integrating voice

commerce capabilities into their platforms, businesses can provide a convenient and

hands-free shopping experience, catering to the growing popularity of voice-enabled devices.

E-BANKING SERVICES OF HDFC

HDFC Bank offers a variety of e-commerce and online banking services for businesses and
individuals, including:


 E-Commerce Current Account: This account offers a range of benefits, including a
business debit card, cash back, and accidental death cover. It also comes with a Net
Banking platform, doorstep banking services, and dedicated courier and cash in transit
agents.

o
 Corporate Internet Banking (ENet): This service is designed for large corporations
and offers features such as e-commerce management, payment gateway services, and
supply chain management.

o
 Online Banking: This service offers secure, fast, and convenient access to banking
services 24/7. It allows users to perform over 200 transactions, including transferring
money, viewing balances, and managing credit card transactions.

o
 SmartHub: This online platform allows for electronic collection and payments.

o
 Payment Aggregator Escrow Account: This account is for managing payment
aggregator businesses.

o
 PPI Escrow Account: This account is for online wallet businesses.
How does ecommerce work?

The process of buying and selling goods and services online typically consists of the
exchange of data or currency to process a transaction involving more than one entity or
individual.

E-commerce allows a customer to place an order via online stores, websites, or social
channels. After the customer places an order, the order details are relayed to a central
backend system – an e-commerce platform, which facilitates or performs several tasks,
including:

 Receiving the order

 Updating stock or inventory levels and confirming if there’s sufficient stock
 Processing the payment for the order
 Confirming adequate funds were received to fulfill the order
 Notifying the customer that the order was successfully processed
 Notifying the shipping department for the order to be shipped to the customer, or
access to the service to be granted

Advantages and Disadvantages of E-commerce

Advantages
E-commerce offers buyers and sellers a number of advantages:

 Convenience: E-commerce can happen 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

Consumers can buy at their convenience, and business owners can make sales while
they sleep.
 Increased selection: Many stores offer a wider array of products online than they
could ever carry in their brick-and-mortar counterparts. And many stores that solely
exist online offer consumers exclusive inventory that is unavailable elsewhere.
 Potentially lower start-up costs: E-commerce companies may require a warehouse
or manufacturing site, but they usually don't need a physical storefront. The cost to
operate digitally is often less expensive than needing to pay rent, insurance, building
maintenance, and property taxes.
 International sales: As long as an e-commerce store can find a way to ship its
products to its customers, it can sell to anyone in the world and isn't limited by
physical geography.
 Opportunity to collect valuable data: Willingly or unknowingly, consumers share a
lot of information on their interests and shopping habits when they buy or even just
browse online. Site owners can monetize this data in a number of ways, using it
themselves and selling it to others.

Disadvantages
There are also some drawbacks that come with e-commerce. Those can include:

 Limited customer service: If you shop online for a computer, you cannot simply ask
an employee to demonstrate a particular model's features in person. And although
some websites let you chat online with a staff member, that is not a typical practice.
A disadvantage for shoppers, this can also be a money-saver for retailers.
 Lack of instant gratification: When you buy an item online, you must wait for it to
be shipped to your home or office. However, e-tailers like Amazon now make the
waiting game a little bit less painful by offering same-day delivery as a premium
option for select products.
 Inability to touch products: Online images do not necessarily convey the whole
story about an item, and e-commerce purchases can be disappointing when the items
 don't live up to the buyer's expectations. Case in point: an item of clothing may be
made from shoddier fabric than its online image indicates.
 Dependence on technology: If a website crashes or must be temporarily taken
down for any reason, the business is effectively closed until things return to
normal.
Characteristics of Electronic Commerce

E-commerce, often known as electronic commerce, refers to the online buying and sale of
products and services. In 1994, a man sold a Spider CD to a buddy via his online presence
Net Market, a platform for American retailers. This is the first instance of an end user
purchasing an item from a company via the World Wide Web, which is commonly referred to
as e-commerce. Following that, e-commerce developed to make it simpler to find and buy
things via online retailers and marketplaces.

Technical assets that include managing the supply chain, internet marketing, electronic
payment processing, a system for managing information, and a system for inventory control
enable e-commerce. Furthermore, online conversations, chatbots, and virtual assistants all
aided e-commerce. E-commerce is described as the conduct of trade on an online platform
through the use of digital devices like cell phones, laptops, tablets, and the internet.

Electronic commerce is a mix of communication services, data management, and security

methods that provides enterprises with a platform to communicate information about the sale
of products and services:

1. Communication Services

The communication services facilitate the electronic movement of information from

purchaser to seller.

2. Data Management

It is the sharing and storage of data in a consistent format that allows for the simple exchange
of information.
3. Security Measures

The following functions are provided by security mechanisms:

o It ensures the confidentiality and safety of information by authenticating the source of

information.

o E-commerce encompasses a wide range of Internet-based services, including

customer support, banking, billing, advertisement, retailing, secure data
distribution, corporate sector purchasing, and additional value-added services.
o Because it is internet-based,

o e-business offers several effective methods to do company online. E-business is the

practice of conducting business online via the World Wide Web, intranet, the extra
net, and web.
E-commerce is a subset of online business that is an integral component of the e-business
idea.

The following are the primary characteristics/features of e-business:

Ubiquitous
One of the primary features of e-business is its pervasiveness. Because electronic commerce
depends on the internet, it can be accessible at any time and from any location. Physical space
cannot stop e-business; anybody with an internet connection may simply access the
company's sites and online storefronts from anywhere in the globe.

24×7 Service Availability

E-business/commerce services are accessible 24 hours a day, seven days a week, and never
close. It is not like traditional business, when stores and shops are only open for a short
period of time. Customers may use online services at any time, such as seeing goods and
services, engaging with vendors, placing orders, and making payments, which are not
available in conventional stores.

Simple to Install
E-business is simple to get up. There is no requirement for physical location to start an e-
business; all you need is a smartphone or laptop and a connection to the web. You may
simply establish an electronic business from your home, workplace, or any other location,
and it is also less expensive than a traditional firm.
Global Impact
Technology has no bounds and extends across national borders all around the world.
Customers from the rest of the globe can readily visit a company that launches an e-
commerce website. A company's clients with e-business solutions are equal to the world's
whole population.

Wealth
E-commerce has advantages over conventional trade. E-business ways to communicate are
many. Customers may learn more regarding the products and services that they wish to buy
by reading the content of communications offered by e-businesses such as text, video, image,
communication, sounds, links, and so on.

No Geographical Boundaries
The conventional business is restricted in its scope and is based in a certain place. However,
because e-business having no geographic boundaries, it may readily travel throughout the
world from even the most remote corner of the planet.

No personalization
In e-business and e-commerce, there is no human touch. Buyers and sellers can communicate
over telecommunications networks, debate commercial transactions, and close transactions.

Buyer and Seller have not Met

Buyers and sellers in e-business only communicate electronically; they do not physically
meet, as in traditional commerce. They communicate over the internet, place purchasing and
selling purchases, and the items are delivered via various delivery routes.

Density of Information
E-business and e-commerce lower information costs while improving information quality.
Customers and other parties involved may quickly obtain product information from websites,
blogs, publications, and reviews and compare which is superior. This does not happen in
conventional commerce - if it does, it is usually an uncommon situation - merchants routinely
update the data about the things they are selling based on the natures, kinds, and status of
their clients, but with e-commerce, the product data remains the same.

Individualization
Personalization is encouraged by e-business and e-commerce. They tailor marketing
communications to each consumer depending on his or her previous behaviours, name,
hobbies, and purchase history. Every consumer receives a tailored message from e-commerce
websites that best matches their previous purchasing actions.

Inventory Control
Through inventory management, e-business boosts company productivity. When needed, the
necessary information regarding sales reports, customer information, purchase data, and other
reports on transactions is readily available.

Payment Methods Other than Cash

Payments are made in e-business/commerce utilizing credit cards, debit cards, electronic
wallets, and various online payment technologies.
Delivery requires time
Ordered things take longer to arrive in the world of e-business/commerce. It might be a few
hours, days, or minutes. It isn't like traditional commerce, where money results in quick
delivery. Customers must wait until the specified time for their things to be delivered.

Furthermore, the activities of electronic commerce or online commerce cannot be isolated

from computing devices such as smartphones, tablets, or laptops. E-commerce, like the
physical world, offers a variety of services and stores or merchants.

E-commerce businesses sell everything from books to household goods to kitchen necessities
to financial products and digital financial institutions. According to Investopedia, this is a
time of technological disruption.

E-commerce was established in numerous categories to assist small-scale enterprises such as

MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises), or UMKM in our nation, to reach a larger
spectrum of consumers.

Recently, e-commerce has been regarded as the most feasible centre for shortening the
distribution chain. Small manufacturers may access consumers directly through e-commerce,
eliminating the need for intermediaries or middlemen.

Because e-commerce captures user data, retailers may approach a specific target market. The
algorithm may assess the products they often browse for and then propose other goods that
are relevant.

Examples
That being said, starting a business using an e-commerce system is not as straightforward as
it appears. Candidates for merchants must conduct study on the products and services that are
used. This can aid in determining the target consumers, competition, and profit goals to be
met.

Based on the study, merchant prospects must begin creating online storefronts. It is strongly
advised to set up a virtual shop on the website and to employ a paid advertising strategy as
well.

For example, the proprietor of a small-scale internet apparel company needs develop a
website in order to promote their items online. As a result, the targeted customers are bound
to be interested and will make purchases of their items.

Electronic Commerce Types

Today, much of the world's commerce is conducted via online platforms that connect
individuals and businesses. There are several sorts of e-commerce models in use today.

The following are the biggest internet marketing domains:

o B2C (Business to Consumer): In the B2C e-commerce paradigm, businesses offer

products and services directly to individual customers. E-commerce, which
supplements conventional commerce, offers all items and services online through
electronic means. The Internet functions as an electronic channel.
 o Websites that fall under this category include www.flipkart.com, www.infibeam.com,
www.amazon.in, and www.homeshop18.com. Individuals may buy apparel, mobile
phones, and electronic devices from these websites.

o B2B (Business to Business): The B2B e-commerce paradigm describes online

transactions between firms, such as a manufacturer and a distributor. The Internet and
the need of many corporate operations on other businesses for raw materials, utilities,
and services are important factors in growing the adoption of B2B e-commerce. It is a
rapidly growing section of e-commerce. Through the Internet, the company may
verify and change purchase orders, invoicing, inventory, and shipment status.

o Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) e-commerce: Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) online

shopping is a business model that supports goods and service transactions between
two customers. Using Web and Web technologies, customers sell products and
services directly to additional consumers in this e-commerce paradigm. A single
consumer will utilize classified adverts to market or promote several items and
services on the internet or on online auction platforms. The eBay.com, quicker.com,
craigslist.org, and gittigidiyor.com are some e-commerce examples. It lowers costs for
the buyer and seller consumers. Customers may also promote and sell the goods and
offerings to other workers over the corporate Intranet using this e-commerce
paradigm.

o Consumer-to-Business (C2B): Consumer-to-Business (C2B) is an e-commerce

paradigm in which consumers (individuals) sell items and services to corporations and
organizations. This paradigm is the polar opposite of the B2C model. Individuals
determine the price and value of certain items and services under this approach.
For example, if a consumer writes a review for a new product or provides a helpful
suggestion for future product development, he or she is producing value for the firm if
the review or concept is adopted by the company. Companies may help the C2B
model by establishing discussion forums on their websites.
Companies such as www.mobshop.com, www.pazaryerim.com, and
www.priceline.com, for example, are C2B transaction organizers.

o Business-to-Government (B2G) marketing is sometimes known as "public sector

marketing" in the marketing world. It is developed from business-to-business
marketing and includes actions such as promoting goods and services for government
agencies. Such marketing is carried out via a variety of integrated marketing
approaches such as advertising, branding, public relations management, internet
communication strategies, and so on.

E-Commerce Ideas and Trends

Here are 10 groundbreaking ideas that have the potential to reshape the E-Commerce
landscape:

1. Virtual Try Rooms (Augmented Reality (AR) Fitting Rooms)

People want to see how the productivity of products on eStores. They want to see how the
intended product works or looks. Providing that experience is now easier with augmented
reality, which ensures the real-like feeling of how the product appears and makes difference
if they invest in it. Once they make sense out of it, they make purchasing decisions. It also
reduces the possibility of returns. Its big examples are Lens kart and Warby Parker, which are
eye gear companies, allowing the audience to take a virtual tour of how they look in glasses.

2. Social Commerce Integration

Social media is significant, where from E-Commerce websites engage audiences and bring
them to landing pages. This is where you can create possibilities by leveraging the power of
influencers to attract intended customers effortlessly. Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and
many platforms are there to help you in displaying user-generated content that actually drives
sales.

3. Voice-Enabled Shopping
Two – three decades ago, it was an insane idea to incorporate voice assistants like Alexa or
Google Assistants for voice searches and hand-free shopping experience. With voice search
analysis, e-sellers can easily discover the intent and behaviour of customers. It helps in
aligning recommendations like a walkover by matching the voice with product listing. This
recommendation can be integration where customers are adding items, placing orders using
their voice. Walmart has done it by incorporating Google Assistant to enable voice-driven
online shopping.

4. Personalized Product Recommendations using AI

It’s like a magic to find out what your customers think. But today, it’s a reality. Artificial
intelligence (AI) has made it a cakewalk. Its models are based on users’ web journey. They
work in a lightening-fast speed, detecting the intent of the customers while quickly analyzing
their preferences via browsing history, purchase behaviour, &wishlist. This is how suggesting
products as per individual’s taste becomes easier, which helps you design internet marketing
campaigns accordingly to increase cross-selling and upselling opportunities.

5. Virtual Trade Shows and Product Demos

If you have seen Amazon products, they often have their demos embedded. These can be in a
virtual environment or interactive demonstrations by influencers/customers that they record
through live streams. Embedding such trips can help customers in exploring new launches
and their efficiency.

Customize APIs for your online store

Use APIs for linking various applications available on the internet with your E-
Commerce site. If you’re a small owner, you can hire developers who will help
you in integrating your site with apps that can scrape intended data and fuel AI
to detect preferences with laser-fast speed. Or, hire an E-Commerce
development company in India, since it’s very much affordable, which is ready
to help small and mid-size owners to grow in this business
6.Create Product Videos or Slides
According to an independent source, more than 65 percent of online users are likely to
buy a product online, by viewing a video of the product. A product demo would be a
boon as well. Internet marketing company in India and other south Asian countries are
known to be cost-effective and offer brilliant solutions in E-commerce development.
7.subscription-Based Try-Before-You-Buy Services
Integrate a subscription offer. For this, you can introduce discount so that the customer can
have the intended product from the listing at the best price. This model combines the benefits
of that listing with online shopping or in-store experience.

8.Answer the Questions Posted as Feedback or FAQs

Sometimes customers leave feedback and questions on FAQs which may be related to a
product or service. The question may be a general query as well. Make sure to answer these
queries which are posted on your FAQ, this will assist you to gain customers.

9.Gamified Shopping Experience

Make shopping experience as gaming for impactful E-Commerce. For this, you can ask a
dedicated developer to incorporate elements of gamification, such as interactive challenges,
rewards for engagement, and limited-time offers, to create a more engaging and enjoyable
shopping experience.

E-Commerce in the 20th Century

History is our best teacher as it allows us to learn from our mistakes, analyze improvements,
and find new opportunities we didn’t notice before. The same applies to innovation in e-
commerce: by diving a little deeper into history, we can better understand the improvement
the industry underwent during more than 30 years of its existence, notice previous mistakes,
and form our expectations of future innovative models. So, let’s take a closer look at how e-
commerce built its way from the first online transaction to one of the most profitable
industries.

In the early 1960s, e-commerce started showing its first signs of life, as this is
when Electronic Data Interchange was introduced to the world. The technology was
designed to replace fax and mail as this digital transfer method facilitated data exchange and
reduced the need for human intervention in data transmission.

The 1990s are also a milestone in the history of e-commerce thanks to the creation by Tim
Berners Lee and Robert Cailliau of their project called World Wide Web. Also, these young
men developed the first web server and web browser. Later in 1991, their project was
introduced to the world as the Internet. Furthermore, such advancements as the Uniform
Resource Identifier (URL), HyperText Markup Language (HTML), and HyperText
Transfer Protocol (HTTP) came in line soon after. These technological advancements
brought the potential of the e-commerce industry to a new level.

As claimed earlier, the first legitimate online transaction took place in 1994 when Pizza
Hut sold its large pepperoni and mushroom pizza with extra cheese online (some still claim
that someone had made the first online purchase a week earlier than Pizza Hut by buying a
CD). However, some people suggest that the first online transaction happened in 1972 when
Stanford students sold MIT students cannabis via a network that utilized the protocol suite
TCP/IP. But, it wasn’t an internet-based purchase as the exchange itself (money for cannabis)
happened in an in-person meeting. Hence, Pizza Hut’s case can be considered the first online
transaction.

One year later, in 1995, the global leader of e-commerce – Amazon – sold its first book
online. Also, at the same time, eBay was founded, and some years after, in
1999, Alibaba launched its operations in China. The rapid growth of internet users brought
many new innovative companies to the market and reshaped the industry. Since then, the
development of e-commerce has constantly risen its tempo.

E-Commerce in the 21st Century

The 21st century is the time of the e-commerce market growth, numerous companies trying
to shift their products and services to the digital world, and technological innovations. Some
of the most prominent examples include such companies as Facebook, Apple, YouTube,
Google, and more.

In April 2003, Apple launched iTunes, and less than a year after, in December 2003, the
company claimed that users have purchased and downloaded over 25 million songs on the
platform. Also, 18 years ago, in 2004, Mark Zuckerberg launched his project called
“thefacebook.com,” which brought the world to a new level of connectivity. One year after
the launch of Facebook, one more great social media platform – YouTube – entered the e-
commerce industry.

The rapid growth of this industry is defined not only by the many opportunities the Internet
and other modern technologies bring businesses but also by the increasing consumer interest
in shopping online. Some of the modern trends that rose during the past five years or so
include online marketplaces, M-commerce, digital marketing, and social shopping. All of
these trends suggest that the e-commerce industry can expect a bright future for itself due to
the constant technological development and the ever-growing mass interest in the field.
 Conclusion

In general, today’s businesses must always strive to create the next best thing that consumers
will want because consumers continue to desire their products, services etc. to continuously
be better, faster, and cheaper. In this world of new technology, businesses need to
accommodate to the new types of consumer needs and trends because it will prove to be vital
to their business’ success and survival. E-commerce is continuously progressing and is
becoming more and more important to businesses as technology continues to advance and is
something that should be taken advantage of and implemented.From the inception of the
Internet and e-commerce, the possibilities have become endless for both businesses and
consumers. Creating more opportunities for profit and advancements for businesses, while
creating more options for consumers. However, just like anything else, e-commerce has its
disadvantages including consumer uncertainties, but nothing that can not be resolved or
avoided by good decision-making and business practices.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 https://www.greeksforgeeks.org
 https://www.shopify.com
 https://www.investopedia.com
 https://www.byjus.com
 https://www.the-future-of-commerce.com
 https://www.javatpoiny.com