THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

FORM SIX INTER REGIONAL EXAMINATION 2022

IRINGA, LINDI AND MOROGORO
131/2 PHYSICS 2
(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3:00 Hours Friday 25th February, 2022 a.m

Instructions
1. This paper consists of Six (6) questions.
2. Answer any Five (5) questions.
3. Each question carries twenty (20) marks.
4. Mathematical tables and non-programmable calculators may be used.
5. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination
room.
6. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).
7. The following information may be useful:
(a) Acceleration due to gravity, (g) = 9.8 m/s2
(b) Pie, ( ) = 3.14
(c) Young’s modulus of copper wire, (E) = 1.2 x 1011 N/m2
(d) Young’s modulus of rubber, (E) = 6 x 108 N/m2
(e) Surface tension of soap solution, 2.5 x 10-2 N/m
(f) 9 x 109 Nm2/C2
(g) Radius of the earth, (re) = 6.4 x 106 m
(h) Permeability of free space, = 4 x 10-7 H/m
(i) Electronic charge, (e) = 1.6 x10-19 C
(j) Planck’s constant, (h) = 6.63 x 10-34 Js
(k) Avogadro’s number, (NA) = 6.02 x 1023 per mole
(l) Speed of light in vacuum, (c) = 3 x 108 m/s
(m) Permittivity of free space, ( )=8.85 x 10-12F/m

This paper consists of 4 printed pages

 Answer any five (5) questions.

1. (a) (i) What are the three applications of fluid dynamics in daily life (03 marks)
(ii) For the same applied force in honey and water, the rate of flow of honey will be
less than that of water. Explain why (02 marks)
(b) A cylindrical tank of 10 cm in radius rests on platform 5 m high.
Initially, the tank was filled with water to a height of 5 m. If the plug of area 1 x 10-4 m2
is removed by an orifice on the side of the tank at the bottom. Calculate
(i) The initial speed with which water flows from the orifice. (03 marks)
(ii) The speed with which water strikes the ground. (03 marks)
(c) (i) Use the Poiseuille’s theorem to show that the height of the liquid at any particular
point of the volume at any time is , whereby h is the final height of the
liquid, ho is the original height of the liquid, t is the time taken by the liquid to flow
and c is constant. (04 marks)
(ii) Two tubes AB and BC of the same length and having radii of 2 mm and 1 mm
respectively are joined end to end at B, a liquid flows through them and the
difference between A and C is 340 mmHg. What is the difference in pressure
between B and C? (05 marks)

2. (a) (i) Briefly explain why after being used for a long time, spring balances shows wrong
readings. (02 marks)
(ii) We often wet the end of the thread before putting it through the eye of the
needle. Briefly explain why? (02 marks)
(b) A string under tension is observed to vibrate with a frequency of 40 Hz in its
fundamental mode, when the supports are 0.6 m apart. The amplitude of the note is 3
cm. If the string has a mass of 30g, calculate
(i) The velocity of propagation of the transverse wave in string (03 marks)
(ii) The tension in the string. (03 marks)
(c) (i) By means of equation or expression show how the temperature and density affect
the velocity of sound waves in air. (06 marks)
(ii) Ultra sound of frequency f is incident to a blood vessel of a patient at an angle .
The sound is from a transducer that sends Ultrasound and detects the sound
reflected from a blood vessel of a diameter d. Derive an expression for the volume
flow rate Q of the blood in patient’s blood vessel. (04 marks)

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3. (a) (i) Why work is said to be done in stretching wire? (02 marks)
(ii) A uniform copper wire of length 0.6 m and cross sectional area of 1.8 x 10-6m2 is
extended 0.8 mm. What is the strain energy in the wire if the elastic limit is not
exceeded? What is the strain energy per unit volume of the wire? (04 marks)
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(b) A rubber cord of a catapult has a cross sectional area of 2 mm and an initial length of
0.2 m is stretched to 0.24 m to fire a small object of mass 10 g. Assuming that the elastic
limit is not exceeded, calculate the initial velocity of the object when it is released.
(04 marks)
(c) (i) Identify three evidences that proves the existence of surface tension in water
surfaces. (03 marks)
(ii) Calculate the work done against surface tension forces in blowing a soap bubble of
1 cm in diameter. (03 marks)
(iii) Estimate the radius of a single droplet when the rain drop of radius 0.5mm strikes
the surface and breaks to 125 droplets of equal size. (04 marks)

4. (a) (i) Briefly explain the importance of dielectric material that are inserted in between
the plates of a capacitor. (02 marks)
(ii) A parallel air plate capacitor is charged to a p.d of 300 V and then connected in
parallel with another capacitor of equal dimension but with ebonite as a dielectric,
the p.d is found to be 75 V. Calculate the dielectric constant of the ebonite.
(05 marks)
(b) (i) Assuming that the earth to be an isolated conducting sphere. What is its
capacitance? (03 marks)
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(ii) In a Van de Graff generator, the shell electrode is at 25 x 10 V. If the dielectric
strength of the gas surrounding the electrode is 5 x 107 V/m, calculate the
minimum radius of the spherical shell. (03 marks)
(c) A 300 pF capacitor is charged to a p.d of 50 V and then discharged through 500 Ω
resistor.
(i) Find the initial discharge current. (02 marks)
(ii) How long it will take for the p.d across the capacitor to fall to 2 of its
original value. (03 marks)
(iii) What is the value of time constant? (02 marks)

5. (a) (i) Distinguish between diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials on

the basis of relative permeability . (03 marks)
(ii) What are the three independent quantities which are conventionally used to
describe the magnetic field on the earth’s surface. (03 marks)

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 (b) (i) Why the material used for making the core of a transformer should have narrow
hysteresis loop? (02 marks)
(ii) A specimen of iron is uniformly magnetized by the magnetizing field of 300 Am-1. If
the magnetic flux density in the specimen is 0.4 Wbm-2, find the relative
permeability, susceptibility and the permeability of the specimen. (06 marks)

(c) Two identical wires R and S lie parallel in a horizontal plane, the axis being 10 cm apart.
A current of 10 A flows in R and in the opposite direction to a current of 30 A flows in S.
Neglecting the effect of the earth’s magnetic flux density, calculate the magnitude of B
at a point P in the plane of the wire, if P is;
(i) Midway between R and S. (03 marks)
(ii) 5 cm from R and 15 cm from S. (03 marks)

6. (a) (i) Explain how nuclear reactor produces electricity. (03 marks)
(ii) Why is a neutron most effective as a bullet in nuclear reactions. (03 marks)
(b) (i) Briefly explain why alpha particle and gold foil were used in Rutherford
scattering experiment (03 marks)
(ii) Hydrogen atom in its ground state is excited by means of monochromatic radiation of
wavelength 9750 nm. How many different lines are possible in the resulting spectrum?
Calculate the longest wavelength amongst them, assuming the ionization energy of
hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. (05 marks)
(c) (i) Distinguish between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reactions (02 marks)
(ii) Assuming that the energy released by the fission of a single 92U235 nucleus is
200MeV.Calculate the number of fission per second required to produce 1 watt of
power. (04 marks)