23108B0074 Exp4

4.
Frequency Response of MOSFET

CS Amplifier
1. Course, Subject & Experiment Details
Academic Year 2024 - 2025 Estimated Time Experiment No.4 02Hours

Course &Semester S.E.(ETRX) –Sem.III Subject Name Electronics Devices & Circuits
Chapter No 2 Chapter Title Frequency Response of amplifier
Experiment Type Simulation Subject Code ECL302
Name of the In charge Faculty Prof. Nisy Elsa Mathew
Name of the student with Roll No. Samyak Sakhare | 23108B0074
2. Aim of the Experiment

To determine the frequency response of multistage CS amplifier for the given circuit
3. Objective of the Experiment

1. Plot the Input and output waveform
2. Obtain the gain of the amplifier at 1kHz
3. Obtain the phase difference between input and output waveform
4. Obtain the frequency response of CS amplifier
4. Brief theoretical Description
Introduction to Frequency Response :-
Frequency response is the quantitative measure of output spectrum of a system or device in response to
a stimulus, and is used to characterize the dynamics of the system. It is a measure of magnitude and
phase of the output as a function of frequency, in comparison to the input. In simplest terms, if a sine wave
is injected into a system at a given frequency, a linear system will respond at that same frequency with a
certain magnitude and a certain phase angle relative to the input. Also for a linear system, doubling the
amplitude of the input will double the amplitude of the output. In addition, if the system is time-invariant,
then the frequency response also will not vary with time.
Vidyalankar Institute of Technology (VIT)
Department of Electronics Engineering (ETRX)
(b) Typical Amplifier Frequency Response :-
• Low Frequency (LF) Range – Here the low frequency equivalent circuit is used where the effect
of the input & output coupling capacitors (Cin & Cout) along with the bypass capacitor (Cs) must
be included for analysis. The stray (parasitic) & internal transistor capacitor capacitances are
treated as open circuits as their effects are negligible. The lower cut-off frequency (fL) is thus the
function of coupling capacitors (Cin & Cout) & bypass capacitor (CS).
• Mid-Frequency (MF) Range – Here the same low frequency equivalent circuit is used for small
signal (AC) analysis where both input & output coupling capacitors (Cin & Cout) with the bypass
capacitor (CS) being treated as short circuits. The stray (parasitic) & internal transistor capacitor
capacitances are treated as open circuits as their effects are negligible. In this range all calculations
for input & output resistance (Ri & Ro) with voltage gain (Av) are performed.
• High Frequency (HF) Range – Here high frequency equivalent circuit is used where the effect of
the input & output coupling capacitors (Cin & Cout) along with the bypass capacitor (CS) are treated
as short circuits. The stray (parasitic) & internal transistor capacitor capacitances are included in
the analysis which are represented by the device model. The higher cut-off frequency (fH) is thus
the function of all the device internal/stray/parasitic & wiring capacitances.
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5. Circuit Diagram and Experimental Set Up
6. Apparatus Required
1. NMOS (kp=1e-3, vto=0.4, W=2um, L=1um, lambda=0)
2. Voltage Source: DC Power Supply and AC Signal Source
3. Resistor as given in the circuit diagram
4. Capacitors as given in the circuit diagram
5. Oscilloscope
7. Explanation/ Stepwise-Procedure
1. Arrange designed circuit on simulator & give DC power supply of +VDD=5V
2. Give peak to peak input signal of around Vin = 1 mV, 1 kHz.
3. Measure the peak to peak output signal (Vout) on the plot pane.
4. Calculate the overall amplifier system voltage gain AV = Vout / Vin
5. Repeat above procedure for different input signal frequency values.
6. Obtain the voltage gain (Av) at different input signal frequencies.
7. Plot the frequency response graph of Gain in decibels Vs frequency
Page 3 of 9
8. Circuit Diagram (Screenshot from LTspice)
Page 4 of 9
Page 5 of 9
9. Input -Output Waveform
Page 6 of 9
10. Frequency Response Characteristics of multistage CS Amplifier
Page 7 of 9
11. Result
A. Obtain the higher cut off and lower cut off frequency from the graph
Lower Cut off frequency (FL) = 8.1809MHz

Higher Cut off frequency (FH) = 21.8057MHz
Bandwidth of the given amplifier = FH - FL = 13.628MHZ
B. Obtain the calculated and observed value of mid band voltage gain (Av)
Observed Value of mid band voltage gain (at 1kHz) from LTspice (with calculation):Write equations
wherever required.
Frequency = 100
Input Voltage, Vin = 995.06
Output Voltage, Vo = 2.06
Voltage Gain, Av (write formula) = (Vout/Vin = 2.08
Voltage gain in dB (write formula) = 20 log (Av) = 3.36
Calculated value of mid band voltage gain. (Write all the necessary equations and solve mathematically
as discussed in the practical session)
Page 8 of 9
14. Practical and Real Life Application

It can be used as Public Address Systems (PAS), Audio & Music Equipment CD & Cassette Players,
Microphone Pre-amplification Stage, TV & Radio Receivers Communication Systems & Equipment.
15. Conclusions
In summary, the experiment effectively ascertained the multistage common-source (CS) amplifier's frequency
response. In order to obtain insight into signal synchronisation, we evaluated the gain at 1 kHz and examined
the phase difference between the input and output waves. Gain changes throughout low, mid, and high
frequency ranges were displayed in the frequency response graph, emphasising the amplifier's performance
attributes. These discoveries are crucial for enhancing amplifier design and guaranteeing successful
implementation in practical electrical circuitry.
Page 9 of 9

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4.

Frequency Response of MOSFET

Academic Year 2024 - 2025 Estimated Time Experiment No.4 02Hours

2. Aim of the Experiment

3. Objective of the Experiment

4. Brief theoretical Description

Introduction to Frequency Response :-

(b) Typical Amplifier Frequency Response :-

5. Circuit Diagram and Experimental Set Up

8. Circuit Diagram (Screenshot from LTspice)

9. Input -Output Waveform

10. Frequency Response Characteristics of multistage CS Amplifier

Lower Cut off frequency (FL) = 8.1809MHz

14. Practical and Real Life Application

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