Half Wave Rectifier

Introduction:
A half-wave rectifier is a circuit that converts an AC voltage into a pulsating

DC voltage. It is called a half-wave rectifier because it only allows one-half of
the AC waveform to pass through to the output. The rectification process is
achieved by using a diode, which only allows current to flow in one direction.
When the AC voltage is positive, the diode conducts and allows current to
flow through it, producing a positive voltage at the output. When the AC volt-
age is negative, the diode blocks current and there is no output voltage. The
output waveform is therefore a series of positive pulses, with each pulse cor-
responding to the positive half-cycle of the AC input voltage. Half-wave recti-
fiers are commonly used in low-power applications, such as battery chargers
and small power supplies.
Objective:
· To design and simulate a Half Wave Rectifier circuit.
· finding the efficiency and ripple factor of half wave rectifier
Components required:
Regulated Power supply, resistor, diode, connecting wires,digital
ammeter,digital voltmeter,oscilloscope
Theory:
The conversion of AC into DC is called Rectification. Electronic devices can
convert AC power into DC power with high efficiency. During the positive half
cycle, the diode is forward biased and it conducts and hence a current flow
through the load resistor. During the negative half cycle, the diode is reverse
biased and it is equivalent to an open circuit, hence the current through the
load resistance is zero. Thus the diode conducts only for one half cycle and
results in half wave rectification.
The simplest rectifier circuit is nothing more than a diode connected in series
with the ac input, as shown to the right. Since a diode passes current in only
one direction, only half of the incoming ac wave will reach the rectifier out-
put. Thus, this is a basic half-wave rectifier.
The orientation of the diode matters; as shown, it passes only the positive
half-cycle of the ac input, so the output voltage contains a positive dc com-
ponent. If the diode were to be reversed, the negative half-cycle would be
passed instead, and the dc component of the output would have a negative
polarity. In either case, the DC component of the output waveform is vp/?
=0.3183vp, where vp is the peak voltage output from the transformer sec-
ondary winding.
The input and output voltage waveform may be analytically written as: .
and
where
and VT is cut-in voltage of the diode.

Circuit Diagram
The average (dc) value of half wave rectified sine wave voltage is repre-
sented by
RMS voltage at the load resistance can be calculated as
Procedure:
1. Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram.
2. Give the input signal as specified.
3. Switch on the power supply.
4. Note down the value of AC and DC voltages from the CRO
5. Draw the necessary waveforms on the graph sheet.
Observations:
1. Observe the output waveform from CRO.
2. Measure the value of AC and DC voltages of the output waveform from
the CRO.
3. Calculate
1. Ripple Factor
Ripple factor is defined as the ratio of effective value of AC component to the

average DC value.
Ripple Factor (r),
2. Efficiency
Efficiency, eta is the ratio of the dc output power to ac input power:
Calculations:
1. Ripple Factor
Ripple factor is defined as the ratio of effective value of AC component to the

average DC value.
Ripple Factor (r),
Experimentally,
Efficiency
Efficiency, eta is the ratio of the dc output power to ac input power:
Experimentally,
Result:
The Half Wave Rectifier circuit design output waveforms have been studied
and the required parameters are calculated.
Precautions:
1. Connections should be verified before clicking run button.
2. The resistance to be chosen should be in Kohm range.
3. Best performance is being obtained within 50Hz to 1Mhz.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, a half-wave rectifier is a simple and effective circuit that con-
verts AC voltage into pulsating DC voltage by allowing only one-half of the
AC waveform to pass through to the output. It is commonly used in low-
power applications and is achieved by using a diode to block current flow in
one direction. The output waveform is a series of positive pulses, corre-
sponding to the positive half-cycle of the AC input voltage.

Half Wave Rectifier

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Introduction:

A half-wave rectifier is a circuit that converts an AC voltage into a pulsating

and VT is cut-in voltage of the diode.

RMS voltage at the load resistance can be calculated as

Ripple factor is defined as the ratio of effective value of AC component to the

Ripple factor is defined as the ratio of effective value of AC component to the

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