Chapter 7 and 8 - Personality
Chapter 7 and 8 - Personality
Chapter 7 and 8 - Personality
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The term "personality" refers to the dynamic organization of psychophysical systems that
social elements, it underscores the interaction between continuity and change in personality..
Cognitive theories focus on mental processes such as perception and learning, while social-
on the other hand, give more importance to personal growth, free will, and striving toward self-
actualization. Put together, these perspectives give an integrated view of personality that captures
the nature of personality being both constant and changing and is determined by both the internal
characteristics and external events that the individual experiences. An integrated understanding
puts into light the complexity of human personality and its role in defining identity and shaping
process that involves perception, classification, and observational learning. The self-system,
which reflects the value of observational learning and self-efficacy, are highlighted in the social-
cognitive theory presented by Albert Bandura (Lec Notes, 2024). According to Bandura,
individuals regulate their behavior through cognitive processes such as goal setting and self-
Doll experiment, where behavior was learned through imitation without direct reinforcement.
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humans as "scientists" who develop unique systems of personal constructs to interpret the world.
These constructs are built from personal experiences and influence interpersonal relationships
and behavioral patterns. Kelly’s Repertory Test helps uncover these personal constructs by
exploring how individuals perceive and differentiate among others in their social spheres.
2. Trait Approaches
continua. Gordon Allport distinguished between common traits, shared by groups, and personal
person's personality, and secondary traits, which are more situation-specific (Lec Notes, 2024).
Another pivotal model in this domain is the Big Five personality traits (Openness,
dimensions of personality. This model highlights how traits like emotional stability, sociability,
Description of My Personality
explanatory style. I am organized, goal-oriented, and persistent, which aligns with traits of high
Bandura's self-regulation theory coincides with my tendency to set goals and assess my
confidence both academically and personally. Observational learning is another factor whereby I
often take actions I see done by role models and re-adapt them into my style.
My personality aligns well with the Big Five model. My conscientiousness is reflected by
my willingness to try new things and to engage in artistic activities. The stability of personality
postulated by the trait theory is further reflected in the consistency of these traits across different
situations.
Analysis of My Personality
setting appropriate goals and using the past to inform present and future choices. For example, I
reflect on previous strategies I have used to study and adjust those based on what worked best as
I prepare for tests. A key driver for me is my self-efficacy, which enables me to take on
More insight into my interpersonal relationships can be obtained from George Kelly's
Personal Construct Theory. The way I perceive and interact with others is determined by my
personal constructs of characteristics such as empathy and trustworthiness. For instance, I often
categorize people based on how open they are to collaboration, and that determines whether or
My conscientiousness and openness, both of which are in line with the theories of Allport
and the Big Five, that emphasize traits stability across time, for example, in event organization, I
am very conscientious when paying attention to minute details and adhering to deadlines, while
being open to original ideas and solutions. Although I am emotionally stable, the neuroticism
dimension of the Big Five also helps me understand why I can get stressed out in high-pressure
situations.
Whereas trait theories focus on the stability of personality attributes, cognitive models
emphasize the active nature of thoughts and mental processes in shaping behavior. For instance,
my optimism tallies with the Big Five trait of low neuroticism and the concept by Bandura of
Conclusion
Two theories that complement each other in viewing personality are the Big Five trait
model and Bandura's social-cognitive framework. Bandura's theory shows how learning and
development. In turn, the Big Five model focuses on the stability of the key personality traits of
conscientiousness and openness as some that would determine how I approach various
challenges. Put together, the two theories provide a comprehensive look at personality in that, for
a person, it is rather stable and changing, whereby the internal and external sides act together.
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References