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    History Ch 5 Questions and Answers

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    History Ch 5 Questions and Answers

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    haritbharadia13
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    0 views4 pages

    History Ch 5 Questions and Answers

    Uploaded by

    haritbharadia13

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    ` History questions

    Q1] write short notes on hand-


    printing in china.
     The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China, Japan
    and Korea.
     This was a system of hand printing. From AD 594 onwards, books in
    China were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of
    woodblocks.
     The traditional Chinese ‘accordion book’ was folded and stitched at the
    side.
     Superbly skilled craftsmen could duplicate, with remarkable accuracy,
    the beauty of calligraphy.
     The imperial state in China was, for a very long time, the major
    producer of printed material.

    Q2]explain how hand-printing was


    carried to Europe.
     For centuries, silk and spices from China flowed into Europe through
    the silk route.
     In the eleventh century, Chinese paper reached Europe via the same
    route.
     Paper made possible the production of manuscripts, carefully written
    by scribes.
     Then, in 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after
    many years of exploration in China.
     Now Italians began producing books with woodblocks, and soon the
    technology spread to other parts of Europe
    Q3]write short note on johann
    Gutenberg..
     Gutenberg was the son of a merchant and grew up on a large
    agricultural estate.
     From his childhood he had seen wine and olive presses. Subsequently,
    he learnt the art of polishing stones, became a master goldsmith, and
    also acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making
    trinkets.
     Drawing on this knowledge, Gutenberg adapted existing technology to
    design his innovation.
     The olive press provided the model for the printing press, and moulds
    were used for casting the metal types for the letters of the alphabet.
     By 1448, Gutenberg perfected the system. The first book he printed
    was the Bible.
     About 180 copies were printed and it took three years to produce
    them.
    Q4]explain the print revolution in
    Europe and its impacts.
     With the printing press, a new reading public emerged. Printing
    reduced the cost of books.
     The time and labour required to produce each book came down, and
    multiple copies could be produced with greater ease.
     Books flooded the market, reaching out to an ever-growing
    readership. Access to books created a new culture of reading. Earlier,
    reading was restricted to the elites.
     Common people lived in a world of oral culture. They heard sacred
    texts read out, ballads recited, and folk tales narrated.
     Knowledge was transferred orally. People collectively heard a story, or
    saw a performance. Now books could reach out to wider sections of
    people.
     If earlier there was a hearing public, now a reading public came into
    being. Oral culture thus entered print and printed material was orally
    transmitted.
     The line that separated the oral and reading cultures became blurred.
    And the hearing public and reading public became intermingled.
    Q5]write notes on religious
    reformer ‘martin luther’.
     In 1517, the religious reformer Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses
    criticising many of the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic
    Church.
     A printed copy of this was posted on a church door in Wittenberg. It
    challenged the Church to debate his ideas.
     Luther’s writings were immediately reproduced in vast numbers and
    read widely. This lead to a division within the Church and to the
    beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
     Luther’s translation of the New Testament sold 5,000 copies within a
    few weeks and a second edition appeared within three months.
     Deeply grateful to print, Luther said, ‘Printing is the ultimate gift of
    God and the greatest one.

    Q6]write the statements given by


    martin luther and louisee
    Sebastian.
    Luther said, ‘Printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one.’

    ‘The printing press is the most powerful engine of progress and public
    opinion is the force that will sweep despotism away.’

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