Where the Documents Came From

RETRACTION OF RIZAL
José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Luneta - Bagumbayan December 30, 1896
• Where did the documents of retraction came from? - Emelia
Fr. Balaguer handed it over the document to Father Pio, who in turn submitted it
to Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda who deliver it to Sec. Gonzales Feijoo
FATHER VICENTE BALAGUER

According to the account, Rizal accepted a shorter retraction document prepared
by the superior of the Jesuit Society in the Philippines, Father Pio Pi.
• Rizal then wrote his retraction after making some modifications in the
document. In his retraction, he disavowed Masonry and religious thoughts that
opposed Catholic belief.
A jesuit missionary who befriended the hero during his exile in Dapitan, Rizal
accepted a shorter retraction document prepared by the superior of the Jesuit
Society in the Philippines, Father Pio Pi.
Claims : Doubts on the retraction document abound, especially because only one
eyewitness account of the writing of the document exists. According to his
testimony, Rizal woke up several times, confessed four times, attended a mass,
received communion, a prayed the rosary, all of which seemed out of character.
But since it is the only testimony of alleged a “primary” account that Rizal wrote a
retraction document, it has been used to argue the authenticity of the document.
FATHER PIO PI
a Spanish Jesuit, reported that as early as 1907, the retraction of Rizal was
copied verbatim and published in Spain, and reprinted in Manila for their archives,
same morning brought it himself to Archibishop
He said that Rizal should not be given the sacraments unless he retracted his
anti-Catholic beliefs.
sacrament - to make people holy, to build up the body of Christ, and finally, to
give worship to God
Fr. Pio Pi (the Superior of the Jesuits) declared that he had accepted the task
because he considered Rizal to be Ateneo Municipal High School’s “very
distinguished and dear pupil”
a superior Spanish Jesuit (a religious order of the Catholic Church) who copied
and reported Rizal's retraction. He sent out Jesuits to Rizal's chambers to
convince him to retract his anti-Catholic beliefs and his affiliation with the
Masons.
a Spanish Jesuit, reported that as early as 1907, the retraction of Rizal was
copied verbatim and published in Spain, and reprinted in Manila
Father Balaguer handed out the Retraction documents to Father Pi.
After having a copy of their archives, Fr. Pi then gave the document to Archbishop
the next day
ARCHBISHOP OF MANILA, BERNARDINO NOZALEDA

Manila Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda asked them to take care of Rizal’s
spiritual needs while the latter awaited the hour of his death.
Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda sent the first draft of a retraction document to

Rizal's cell the night before his execution. However, Rizal rejected the draft
because it was lengthy.
Fr. Vicente Balaguer, a Jesuit missionary who befriended Rizal during his exile,
testified that Rizal accepted a shorter retraction document prepared by Fr. Po Pi,
the superior of the Jesuit Society in the Philippines. Rizal made slight variations
in his retraction from the proposed text by Fr. Pi
Fr. Pi also ordered that the retraction should be in writing using either of the two
sample retraction templates approved by the archbishop.
Fr. Pi gave the document to Archbishop then handed it to the secretary of the
Archbishopric
THOMAS GONZALES FEIJOO

Archbishop Nozaleda placed the retraction into the hand of Tomas Gonzales
Feijoo, who was at that time secretary of the archbishop , who deposited it in the
archives of the archbishop where, it appears; it was seen by persons
GASPAR CASTANO
He claimed that he had held it in his hands, read it, and can affirm that the
document that he read contain the retraction of Rizal.
A few days after the execution of Rizal, he saw in the Archbishop's Palace in
Manila that retraction, read it and had it in his hands, and, although he do not
remember the terms in which it was conceived, he can affirm that in that
(document) Rizal, declaring himself a Catholic, retracted all that he had said,
written, or done against the Church and that in a special and express manner he
abjured Masonry.
FATHER ANTONIO ROSELL
He heard father Balaguer and Viladdera tell of the conversation of the condemned
man pertaining to Rizal. He also supported that Rizal retracts his statement
against that spaniards. He said that on the day that Rizal was executed which is
December 30, 1896, he saw the retraction paper in ateneo.
On the same date that Rizal was executed I wrote a detailed account of
everything original of which I have drawn in the preparation of this narrative. I
finally declare and affirm that shortly before Rizal left his cell, I departed in the
company with Josephine Bracken and the sister of Rizal, from whom I separated
later. I had with Rizal’s retraction. And I delivered said document to Rev. Fr.Pio Pi ,
who that same day ,brought it to palace and handed it over to Archbishop
Nozaleda ,who, in turn delivered it to his secretary, Gonzales Feijoo.”
LUIS TAVIEL DE ANDRADE

He is the body guard and lawyer of Rizal. He stated that he was present in Fort
Santiago, and have heard several companions comment on the canonical wedding
of Rizal and Josephine Bracken. Taviel de Andrade had to wait for Rizal was with
Jesuit priests, and that Rizal came out of the chapel having kissed a statue of the
Sacred Heart. For Taviel, Rizal died as a Christian.
Josephine Bracken was the last lover of Rizal, and people consider that was she
writes at say is legitimate.
- The concern here if whether if there is an actual letter, at the same time she
states that she was married to Rizal although no supporting papers was
presented.
It is said that Rizal and Josephine Bracked were married however there were no
proof of Marriage such as Marriage contract presented.
There are possible reasons for Jose Rizal to retract from his previous statement
about the church.
1. He wanted to marry Josephine Bracken and to make her his wife legally.
2.He wanted to protect his family.
3.He wanted to reforms from the Spanish Government.
4.He wanted to heal the sickness of the Catholic Church.

Where the Documents Came From

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RETRACTION OF RIZAL

José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

FATHER VICENTE BALAGUER

ARCHBISHOP OF MANILA, BERNARDINO NOZALEDA

Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda sent the first draft of a retraction document to

THOMAS GONZALES FEIJOO

LUIS TAVIEL DE ANDRADE

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