Assingnment 2

VEERMATA JIJABAI TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE
Matunga, Mumbai-400 019

[Autonomous Institute Affiliated to University of Mumbai]
Assignment 2
Check whether the following sets under defined addition and scalar
Q.1
multiplication forms a vector spaces.
𝑉 = ℝ2 (ℝ) where addition and scalar multiplication is defined by
1. (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) + (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) = (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 + 𝑦2 ), 𝑘(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (𝑘𝑥1 , 𝑘𝑦1 )
𝑉 = ℝ2 (ℂ) where addition and scalar multiplication is defined by

2. (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) + (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) = (𝑥1 + 𝑥2 , 𝑦1 + 𝑦2 ), 𝑘(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (𝑘𝑥1 , 𝑘𝑦1 )
𝑉 = 𝑀2×2 (ℝ) over ℝ where addition and scalar multiplication is defined by

𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑏11 𝑏12 𝑎 + 𝑏11 𝑎12 + 𝑏12
[𝑎 𝑎22 ] + [ ] = [ 11 ]
3. 21 𝑏21 𝑏22 𝑎21 + 𝑏21 𝑎22
𝑎11 𝑎12 𝑘𝑎11 𝑘𝑎12
𝑘 [𝑎 𝑎22 ] = [ ]
21 𝑘𝑎21 𝑘𝑎22
𝑉 = 𝑀2×3 (ℚ) Over ℝ under usual addition and scalar multiplication.
4.
Set of all polynomials of degree 3 whose coefficients are from ℝ under usual
5.
addition and scalar multiplication over ℚ.
Set of all polynomial of degree less than or equal to 2 whose coefficients are
6.
from ℝ under usual addition and scalar multiplication over ℚ.
7. (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) + (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) = (𝑥1 + 𝑥2 , 𝑦1 + 𝑦2 ), 𝑘(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (𝑘 2 𝑥1 , 𝑘 2 𝑦1 )
8.
(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) + (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) = (|𝑥1 + 𝑥2 |, |𝑦1 + 𝑦2 |), 𝑘(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (𝑘𝑥1 , 𝑘𝑦1 )
Check whether the following subset W of vector space V(F) forms a subspace
Q.2
and if yes find the basis and dimension of W
1. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)𝜖ℝ3 : 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0, 2𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0} of ℝ3 (ℝ)
𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧, 𝑤)𝜖ℝ4 : 𝑥 + 𝑧 + 𝑤 = 0, 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 𝑤 = 0, 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑤 = 0} of
2.
ℝ3 (ℝ)
3. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)𝜖ℝ3 : 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 1} of ℝ3 (ℝ)
𝑎 𝑏
4. 𝑊 = {[ ] : 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ ℝ} of 𝑀2×2 (ℝ) over ℝ
𝑐 𝑑+2
𝑎 𝑏
5. 𝑊 = {[ ] : 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ ℝ} of 𝑀2×2 (ℝ) over ℝ
𝑐 0
6. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀3×3 (ℝ): 𝑡𝑟(𝐴) = 0} of 𝑀3×3 (ℝ) over ℝ
7. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀3×3 (ℝ): 𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = 0} of 𝑀3×3 (ℝ) over ℝ
8. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀𝑛×𝑛 (ℝ): 𝐴 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥} of 𝑀𝑛×𝑛 (ℝ) over ℝ
9. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀3×3 (ℝ): 𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = 1} of 𝑀3×3 (ℝ) over ℝ
10. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑥, 𝑥)𝜖ℝ3 : 𝑥𝜖ℝ} of ℝ3 (ℝ)
11. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑥 + 2𝑦, 𝑥): 𝑥, 𝑦 𝜖ℝ} of ℝ4 (ℝ)

𝑎 𝑏
12. 𝑊 = {[ ] : 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ ℝ} of 𝑀2×2 (ℝ) over ℝ
𝑐 𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 3𝑐
13. 𝑊 = {𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑎𝑥 + 3 ∶ 𝑎𝜖ℝ} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.
14. 𝑊 = {𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ∶ 𝑎 = 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐𝜖ℝ} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.
15. 𝑊 = {𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ∶ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐𝜖ℝ} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.
Q.4 Determine whether the following subsets form a basis of given vector space.
1. {(1,1,0),(2,0,3),(1,2,0)} of ℝ3 (ℝ)
2. {(1,2), (2,1), (1,1)} of ℝ2 (ℝ)
3. {1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 + 3, 10 + 3𝑥 2 } of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.
4. {(1, −2,3), (2,5,7), (−3,4,2)} of ℝ3 (ℝ)
5. {2 + 𝑥, 3𝑥 2 , 1} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.
Check whether the following mapping is linear transformation. If yes, find

Q.5 kernel, image, rank, nullity and also verify the rank-nullity theorem also discuss
whether T is one-one and onto
1. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥, 𝑥 + 2𝑦, 0)
2. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ2 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (2𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑦 + 𝑧)

3. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑥 + 𝑦
4. 𝑇: ℝ4 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧, 𝑤) = (𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑦 + 2𝑧, 0)
5. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ4 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑦 + 2𝑧, 𝑧, 3𝑦)
𝑎 𝑏
6. 𝑇: 𝑀2×2 → ℝ4 be defined by 𝑇 (( )) = (𝑎 + 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 + 2𝑎, 0)
𝑐 𝑑
7. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑥𝑦
8. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (|𝑥|, 𝑦, 𝑧 + 1)
9. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥 + 1, 𝑦, 𝑧)
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 2𝑐
10. 𝑇: 𝑀2×2 → 𝑀2×2 be defined by 𝑇 (( )) = ( )
𝑐 𝑑 𝑏 0
𝑇: 𝑃2 (𝑥) → 𝑃2 (𝑥) be defined by

11.
𝑇(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ) = (𝑎0 + 𝑎1 ) + (𝑎2 + 𝑎1 )𝑥 + (𝑎2 + 𝑎0 )𝑥 2
12.
𝑇(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ) = (𝑎0 2 ) + (𝑎2 )𝑥 + (𝑎2 + 𝑎0 )𝑥 2
13.
𝑇(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ) = (𝑎0 ) + 𝑥
14.
𝑇(𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ) = 𝑎0 𝑥 2 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2
15. 𝑇: 𝑀 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 𝑏+𝑐

2×2 → 𝑀2×2 be defined by 𝑇 (( )) = ( )
𝑐 𝑑 𝑐+𝑑 𝑑+𝑎

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VEERMATA JIJABAI TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE

Matunga, Mumbai-400 019

𝑉 = ℝ2 (ℂ) where addition and scalar multiplication is defined by

𝑉 = 𝑀2×2 (ℝ) over ℝ where addition and scalar multiplication is defined by

1. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)𝜖ℝ3 : 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0, 2𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 0} of ℝ3 (ℝ)

3. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧)𝜖ℝ3 : 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 1} of ℝ3 (ℝ)

6. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀3×3 (ℝ): 𝑡𝑟(𝐴) = 0} of 𝑀3×3 (ℝ) over ℝ

7. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀3×3 (ℝ): 𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = 0} of 𝑀3×3 (ℝ) over ℝ

8. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀𝑛×𝑛 (ℝ): 𝐴 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥} of 𝑀𝑛×𝑛 (ℝ) over ℝ

9. 𝑊 = {𝐴𝜖𝑀3×3 (ℝ): 𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴) = 1} of 𝑀3×3 (ℝ) over ℝ

10. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑥, 𝑥)𝜖ℝ3 : 𝑥𝜖ℝ} of ℝ3 (ℝ)

11. 𝑊 = {(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑥 + 2𝑦, 𝑥): 𝑥, 𝑦 𝜖ℝ} of ℝ4 (ℝ)

13. 𝑊 = {𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑎𝑥 + 3 ∶ 𝑎𝜖ℝ} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.

14. 𝑊 = {𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ∶ 𝑎 = 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐𝜖ℝ} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.

15. 𝑊 = {𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 ∶ 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐𝜖ℝ} of 𝑃2 (𝑥)(ℝ) over ℝ.

2. {(1,2), (2,1), (1,1)} of ℝ2 (ℝ)

4. {(1, −2,3), (2,5,7), (−3,4,2)} of ℝ3 (ℝ)

Check whether the following mapping is linear transformation. If yes, find

1. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥, 𝑥 + 2𝑦, 0)

2. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ2 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (2𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑦 + 𝑧)

4. 𝑇: ℝ4 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧, 𝑤) = (𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑦 + 2𝑧, 0)

5. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ4 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (𝑥 + 𝑦, 𝑦 + 2𝑧, 𝑧, 3𝑦)

8. 𝑇: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be defined by 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = (|𝑥|, 𝑦, 𝑧 + 1)

𝑇: 𝑃2 (𝑥) → 𝑃2 (𝑥) be defined by

15. 𝑇: 𝑀 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 𝑏+𝑐

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