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Class 10 Science - Chapter 3 (Metals and Non-Metals)

Each question carries 1 mark)

1. Which of the following statements about the extraction of metals is correct?


a) Highly reactive metals can be reduced using carbon.
b) Moderately reactive metals are extracted by electrolysis.
c) Low-reactive metals are generally found in the free state.
d) Both (b) and (c).
2. A freshly cut piece of sodium metal is exposed to air. What change will be
observed?
a) It turns red due to the formation of sodium sulfide.
b) It turns white due to the formation of sodium oxide.
c) It catches fire, forming sodium hydroxide.
d) It reacts with moisture to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
3. An alloy is prepared by mixing 80% copper and 20% zinc. Which property of
copper is reduced in this alloy?
a) Malleability
b) Tensile strength
c) Ductility
d) Corrosion resistance
4. In the reaction between iron and copper sulfate, why does iron displace copper?
a) Iron is more reactive than copper.
b) Copper has a higher melting point.
c) Copper is a better conductor of electricity.
d) Iron has a lower atomic number.
5. Which of the following reactions does NOT occur?
a) Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu
b) Fe + ZnSO₄ → No reaction
c) Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
d) Ag + NaCl → AgCl + Na
6. Which metal is extracted from its ore using the process of roasting?
a) Aluminium
b) Iron
c) Zinc
d) Sodium
7. A non-metal X exists in two forms, Y and Z. Y is a good conductor of
electricity, whereas Z is an insulator. Identify X.
a) Sulfur
b) Phosphorus
c) Carbon
d) Silicon
8. A reddish-brown metal reacts with moist air to form a green layer. The green
layer is chemically:
a) Copper carbonate and copper hydroxide
b) Copper oxide
c) Copper chloride
d) Copper nitrate
9. Which of the following statements about ionic compounds is incorrect?
a) They have high melting and boiling points.
b) They are good conductors of electricity in the solid state.
c) They are soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents.
d) They are hard and brittle.
10. Identify the incorrect statement about aluminium:
a) Aluminium reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to liberate hydrogen gas.
b) Aluminium forms an amphoteric oxide.
c) Aluminium cannot be extracted by the electrolysis of its molten ore.
d) Aluminium is used in the manufacture of aircraft due to its light weight.
11. Which of the following metals is extracted using the electrolytic reduction
process?
a) Iron
b) Aluminium
c) Copper
d) Zinc
12. Which of the following oxides is amphoteric in nature?
a) Sodium oxide
b) Magnesium oxide
c) Aluminium oxide
d) Carbon dioxide
13. A green layer is observed on a copper vessel after prolonged exposure to moist
air. The green layer is:
a) Copper oxide
b) Copper sulfate
c) Copper carbonate and copper hydroxide
d) Copper nitrate
14. Which of the following metals does not react with water at any temperature?
a) Sodium
b) Calcium
c) Magnesium
d) Gold
15. Which non-metal is a good conductor of electricity?
a) Sulfur
b) Carbon in the form of graphite
c) Phosphorus
d) Bromine

Section B: Assertion and Reasoning Questions

(1 mark each)
Choose the correct option:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.

1. Assertion (A): Zinc is used to galvanize iron to protect it from rusting.


Reason (R): Zinc forms a protective oxide layer on its surface when exposed to
air.
2. Assertion (A): Ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state.
Reason (R): Ions are free to move in the molten state but not in the solid state.
3. Assertion (A): Aluminium is a highly reactive metal but is used for making
utensils.
Reason (R): Aluminium reacts with oxygen to form a protective layer of oxide.

Section C: Very Short Answer Questions

(1 mark each)

1. Write the chemical formula of rust.


2. Name one metal that can be cut with a knife.
3. Why is sodium stored in kerosene?
4. What is an alloy? Give one example.
5. Name one metal that does not corrode easily.

Section D: Short Answer Questions

(3 marks each)

1. Describe the process of electrolytic refining of copper with the help of a


diagram.
2. Why do gold and silver not corrode easily? Write the reaction to show how iron
corrodes in the presence of air and water.
3. How is zinc extracted from its sulfide ore (zinc blende)? Write the balanced
equations involved.
4. Differentiate between metals and non-metals based on:
a) Physical state
b) Nature of oxides
c) Conductivity
5. What happens when:
a) Aluminium is exposed to moist air?
b) Copper reacts with dilute HCl?
c) Iron nails are dipped in a solution of copper sulfate?

Section E: Long Answer Questions

(5 marks each)

1. Explain the following processes with balanced chemical equations:


a) Roasting
b) Calcination
c) Reduction of metal oxides using carbon
d) Formation of slag in the extraction of metals
e) Refining of metals
2. Discuss the properties and uses of alloys:
a) Brass
b) Stainless steel
c) Solder

Section F: Activity-Based Questions

(5 marks each)

1. Activity:
A student takes three metals: A (sodium), B (iron), and C (copper). She performs
the following experiments:
a) Dips each metal in water and observes the reaction.
b) Reacts each metal with dilute hydrochloric acid.
c) Places each metal in a salt solution of another metal.
Based on her observations:
i) Arrange the metals in the decreasing order of reactivity.
ii) Write balanced equations for the reactions observed.
iii) Explain the displacement reaction observed in the salt solution experiment.
2. Activity:
You are provided with the following materials: powdered iron, sulfur powder, a
Bunsen burner, and a test tube.
a) Describe the reaction when iron and sulfur are mixed and heated strongly.
b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
c) Describe how the product formed differs from the reactants in terms of
physical and chemical properties.
d) Classify the product as an ionic or covalent compound and justify your answer.

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