B.3.3 Plastic Parts With Integrally Molded Threads, Farbig
B.3.3 Plastic Parts With Integrally Molded Threads, Farbig
B.3.3 Plastic Parts With Integrally Molded Threads, Farbig
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Contents
1.
Introduction
6.
Design
6.1
notes
13 13
Self-locking
Stress concentration in the
2.
Requirements for joints with integrally molded threads Fixed joints 2.1 Movable joints 2.2 Types of thread and key dimensions Fixed joints 3.1 Movable joints 3.2 Design calculations for threaded joints Fixed joints 4.1
4.1.1 Stress in the vulnerable cross-section 4.1.2 Flank pressure p 4.1.3 Deformation of the threaded section
4.2
6.2
3 3 3
threaded section
6.2.1 Notch factors K
14
in
disengaged
14
thread
zone
thread
15
4.
with
15
6
6 7 8 9 7.
integrally molded
External thread Internal thread
threads
17 17 17
Movable
joints
5.
Calculation
5.1
examples
10
8.
Hostaform C 2521
5.2
10
Examples of applications Water filter housing 8.1 8.2 Drainage plug for water
on
19 19
separator
19
20 20
Hose
connector
made from
11
nut
8.3 8.4
Vehicle
jack
with threaded
Grain
mill
spare wheel
12 9.
Explanation of symbols
21
10. Literature
22
Reinforced
registered
trademark
1.
Introduction
2.
The
unique
freedom of
design
afforded
by injection mold
ing
al
enables this process to be used for the production of components with integrally molded threads. The addition
mold
complexity and cost involved in terms of the injection (for demolding the thread) is relatively small.
threads
are
2.1
Fixed joints
Integrally molded
joints in many different components. Examples include housing parts for washing machines and dishwashers, filters, valves and submersible and circulating pumps; fittings and screwed pipe joints; locking rings, e.g. on water meters and mincers; closures for packaging such as tubes, bottles and drums.
housing parts is safely apart from each other. For this purpose, the joint must be fixed and leaktight and should be suitably designed to prevent it loosening by itself. Leaktightness is achieved by integral sealing elements or additional sealing elements such as O-rings. In filter housings, e.g. for the fluff filter on washing machines, the joint should be quick and easy to undo in order to clean or change filters. generally
to
keep
different materials
Integrally
molded threads
are
joints
2.2
to convert rotary motion into linear motion or torque into linear forces and vice versa. Examples include valve stems,
Movable joints
telescopic spindles for ventilation windows, spindle nuts on car jacks, electric rear view mirror and seat adjusting systems and central locking in motor vehicles, reversing spindles in vending machines etc.
joints, also known as helical gears, permit smooth, jolt-free transmission of motion. These threads are designed as single- and multi-start.
Single-start threads are generally self-locking with low efficiency. The product of flank pressure p and speed v
may
not
to ensure
that
unac
ceptable heating
not occur.
wear
properties
are
exhibited
by
produced, for example, from the modified Hostaform grades C 9021 TF, C 9021 K, C 9021 G
C 9021 M.
and
Once-only lubrication of the thread improves the slip properties of the mating thread and should always be carried out if possible.
3.
Table 1:
Comparison
of
important
Half
thread dimensions
key dimensions
Thread type
Fixed joints
Metric
13
angle
Thread
of thread
DIN
depth
[]
3.1
30
h3
H!
Threaded
can have very large thread comparatively low housing wall thickness typical of injection molded parts. This results in low inherent housing rigidity, so that the inner part can be compressed under radial force Fr and the outer part expanded. There is a risk that the thread flights will slide over each other and the joint will therefore fail. This
joints
in
housings
to
ISO thread
diameters in relation
the
Metric
513
3
h3
H!
buttress thread
Metric ISO
103
15
0.75
h3 =0.5P + a
H,
=
trapezoidal
Whitworth
thread
228 27.5
0.5 P
risk is reduced the lower the radial force Fr and the greater the thread depth HI of the thread profile, fig. 1.
pipe
thread
H!
0.640 P
used for
preferably plastic
6063
containers
buttress thread
Fr
A
FI
tan
(1)
to
trapezoidal
Round thread
10 10 15
c c
0.5P 0.5P
the
H4=0.50P
(P
thread
pitch)
pipe
to
threads have
comparatively trapezoidal thread and the buttress and trapezoidal threads developed for plastic containers are more favorable, fig. 2.
radial force Fr. The metric ISO
large large
half thread
angles /?,
which lead
Fig.
explanation
of
terms
Fig.
(DIN 13)
F,
FI F
.3,
T
1.
-
Table 1 compares the half angle of thread depth H! of different thread types.
and thread
(DIN 513)
Fig.
2e: Thread
preferably
to
be used for
6063 part
plastic
con
1)
c
z
Profile
depth;
Profile width
P Pitch
Fig.
trapezoidal
thread
(DIN 103)
Fig.
preferably to be used for plastics containers, trapezoidal thread (DIN 6063 part 2)
Thread
2 f:
U-P-
D; d
Outside diameter
Root diameter
c z
Thread
depth;
DI; dj
Profile width
P Pitch
Fig.
2d: Whitworth
pipe
thread
(DIN/ISO 228)
Fig. 2g:
Round thread
(DIN 405)
-5 W//.
-a
-o
The lowest, practically negligible radial force Fr occurred with the metric buttress thread, fig. 2b, with a half angle of thread
a
4.
(tan
large
thread
depth HI
favorable half
=
specified in DIN 405, fig. 2 g has a angle of thread 15 and the thread
=
4.1
depth H4 profiles. As a result of the special profile design, however, the flank overlap H5 is only 0.0835 P so that locally high surface pressure loadings are the result.
0.5
In
designing
threaded
stress
para
meters must
be taken into
stress
oz in
High
impermissible
stresses
and deformation may be expected with Whitworth pipe threads with cylindrical internal and conical external threads suitable for
surface pressure loading p on the thread flanks change in flank diameters Zld2 and 4D2.
is therefore
un
4.1 .1
Fig.
3.2
Movable joints
thread
a non=
For movable
joints, the metric ISO trapezoidal (DIN 103) proved successful. In rare cases, standardized flat profile (half angle of thread
has
used.
0) is
(fig. 1),
the
following
tensile
results:
"1
QZ
A,, 2
where
[N/mm2]
(2)
A,
It
(d32
d;2)
ist.
(3)
A2
(Da2-D2)
(4)
d3 d; Da
D
root
diameter [mm]
[mm]
(more exact)
stress
According
to
cross-section AS
n
AS="
( d2
d3 Y
4\
account
as a
is
cut over
loadbearing
surface.
While this is
justified
with metal
of
screws
with the
high
material
The tensile
stress
<7z
root case utilization, plastic threads, ds is used to determine the loadbearing cross-section.
in the
diameter
FI
FV
FB
must
be
equal to
or
permissible
stress.
prestressing
force Fy Table 3
Oz
>
perm.
(8)
values for
gives guide
FI
The
on
FV
FB
(5)
tensile
S has
stresses as a
already
operating force may be an external force acting the joint or be produced by, for example, internal
0perm. in N/mm2
as
pressure p;.
function of temperature
The
moment
the
tightening
Material
20
Temperature [C]
60
6 80 100
120
FV
P
n
+d2-fc
cos
[N]
+
(6)
10 40
6
3
15
2
dA fA
20
3
10
moment
[N mm]
8
10 12
4 5 9 10
2 3 6 7 2 14
fe
fA
4 5
surface
Hostacom G3 N01
15
8
d2 dA
contact
surface [mm]
(fig.6)
5
16 20
angle of thread
20
25
12 15
10 12
18
fG and fA depend on a number of influencing factors such as the particular combination of mating materials, surface roughness, sliding speed and the
presence or absence of lubricant. Guide values in table 2.
are
If the calculated
stress, the
stress
GZ is greater
than the
permissible
shown
Table 2: Guide values for the friction coefficients fc and fA of unlubricated and lubricated surfaces
4 .1.2
Flank pressure p
coe
ficient fG, fA
dry
PCR/PCR
PCR/PCR
lubricated
Although the linear force FI is not uniformly distributed over the intermeshing thread flights (see section 6.2.2), this is assumed for the purpose of calculating the flank
pressure p. Thus:
(same)
0.3
-0.4
(different)
0.15-0.25
PCR/metal
PCR/AP
PCR AP
0.04-0.1
0.1
-0.3
F,
P
=
[N/mm2]
H!
see
(9)
0.15-0.25
jt
d2
[N],
F}
linear force
section 4.1.1
d2
HI
z
flank diameter
thread
For the
P,
dp2 [N]
(7)
L
dp
quoted
in table 4
permissible flank pressure pperm. are (safety factor S is already taken into
account).
Table 4: Guide values for
in N/mm2
as a
resulting from the half angle of thread (see fig. equation 1) leads to expansion of the outer part and compression of the inner part. This causes the flank overlap to be reduced. To calculate this deformation,
The radial force Fr
1 and
permissible
function of temperature
formly
over
the thread
overlap
area
C:
Temperature [C]
Material
20 60 15 35 4
4
C
120
JT-d2-L
^-d2-z-P [mm2]
see
(11)
80 12 30 2.5
2.5
100
da
L
z
Hostaform C 9021
Hostaform C 9021 GV 1/30
fig.
20-25
45 6 10 12 15
20 1
1
thread
This
gives
5
7
3
6 8 3 10 24 32
2
5
internal pressure
3.5 4.5
18
20 30 40 45
9
7 16
6 2 8 20 25
PD
[N/mm2]
TC
(12)
Celanex 2500 Celanex 2300 GV 3/30 Celanex 2300 GV 1/20 Celanex 2300 GV 1/30
d,
32 38
15 20
si
and
s2
Da-D
1
=
[mm]
d3-dj [mm]
small in with the
(13)
If the calculated flank pressure p is greater than the per missible, the thread reach L must be increased.
S2
=
(14)
4.1.3
Deformation of the
to
threaded section
which
are
generally
comparison
mean
diameters Dm and
It is necessary
dm, the
stress a
e can
be calculated
by
the
following
threaded section if
-
large
half
angle
of thread
(metric
ffi
y_ J
jLXg
[N/mm2] for
the
outer
part
(15)
JL*
fine
pitch
low thread
a2
=
PD'
depth HI
-
d3
to
dj
inner part
(16)
be transmitted
at
elevated
Hence
compression
of the
mean
diameter
on
the
outer
Fig.
4:
Explanatory diagram
part is
"
PD-Pm Et(Da-D)
(17)
and
on
(18)
table 5
part is
1,2
[N/mm2],
on
see
Expansion
diameter
the
outer
JDm
8l
Dm
(19)
overlap /iHi
should
not
exceed
Adm
e2
dra
(20)
JHi
(0.2
to
0.3) Hi
(24)
The deformation of
and
a plastic component is not only timetemperature-dependent but is also a function of stress level. Strictly speaking, separate characteristic
4.2
Movable joints
values should be determined for each type of stress. However for deformation ^ 2%, the variation between
the characteristic values is the deformation of
stress
a
with helical gears, the friction PR and resultant tem perature increase on the thread flanks is a crucial deter
versa
negligible
so
The
following
fG-Fi-v[W]
(25)
characteristic
as
the
fc
FI
v
thread friction coefficient, see table 2 linear force [N], see section 4.1.1
on
(DIN
54
852)
Fig.
Flexural creep modulus
Material
5: Helical thread
(schematic)
[N/mm2],23C,
ob
=
10 N/mm2
1-min value
6-day
value
2800
9000
1500 7000
1300 1}
T
_
16002)
3300 4000
500 2)
1600
2400
3800
5500
2800
Celanex 2500
2000
2900 5900
4100
7100
9500
=
8600
5 N/mm2
2> ob
6 N/mm2
The
changes in flank diameter AD2 and Ad2 also approximately correspond to the diameter changes ZlDm and
^dm,
equation (9)
[N/mm2]
z
d2
<4D24Dm Jd2~Zldm
that the
(21) (22)
in flank
and
n
v
=
d,
60
[m/s]
(26)
so
change
overlap
is calculated
as
arli
^Dra +Zldm
(similar to that for plain design criterion for the helical gear Guide values for permissible p v values for a Hostaform/steel combination are given in table 6.
a
value
can
be determined
as a
bearings)
and used
(guide values)
for
5.
5.1
Calculation
examples
C 2521
Sliding speed
[m/s]
^0.5
1.0 1.5
Permissible p
value
[W/mm2]
The
0.15 0.10 0.06
housing
are
in
fig.
screwed
together
N/mm2)
with
cap
nut
with S 128
designed
for nominal
pressure PN 10
(=
at room
temperature.
quoted values apply to unlubricated sliding partners. If once-only lubrication is carried out before assembly, up to 50 % higher p v values can be permitted.
The
Fig.
6: Reversible-flow filter
(schematic diagram)
plastic/plastic combinations, e.g. Hostaform/ Celanex, the permissible p v values should be halved because of the poorer thermal conductivity.
With
cross-
fig.
7.
Fig.
10
The
tion
loadbearing
(3)
area
A] is calculated according
to
equa
Flank pressure
As
A,
j (d32
d,2) [mm2]
HO2)
FB
A,
f (1212
P
-
it
d,
H,
[N/mm2]
1994.7 mm2
d2
d-0.75P
128
-
radially deformed and thus requires a negligible prestressing force O-ring FV, the linear force is essentially determined by the
In this
a
0.75
mm
123. 5
internal pressure
H,
=0.75- P
=
4.5
mm
Fi =FB
DIN 19632
must
number of
L
2
loadbearing
thread
flights
specifies
that
mechanically operating
=
.
filters
be tested with three times the nominal pressure rating, in this case with 30 bar 3 N/mm2 The pressurestressed
area
=P
22.5
is thus
=
6
3.75
d,2 [mm2]
Thus the maximum flank pressure is
^
=
HO2 mm2
Pmax.
JT
28 495.5 N 123.5
mm
4.5
mm
3.75
9498.5 mm2
=
4.35 N/mm2
Thus
In the
long
term,
can
flank pressure of p
1.45 N/mm2
at
PN
10 bar
be
FB
3 3
PN
[N]
9498.5mm2
5.2
accepted.
IN/mm2
28 495.5 N
stress
ffm,x
The cap nut made from polypropylene shown in fig. 8 is part of a hose connector for irrigation systems. The aim
in this
case
is
to
omax.
[N/mm2]
is when
tightened
check how great the expansion of the nut 1000 N mm. with a torque of M
=
28 495. 5 N
1994.7mm2
=
mm mm mm mm
14.28 N/mm2
Flank diameter
Pitch Thread
D2
P
1.337 0.856
The
long-term-acting
PN
Oz
=
tensile
stress
is
depth
nut
Hi
Outside diameter of
A
Da
L
19.5
10
mm
mm
^r~
1 N/mm2 -9 498. 5 mm2
angle
of thread
27.5
(cos
tan
27.5
0.887,
27.5
1994.7mm2
Mean diameter of
contact
0.5206)
surface
dA
15
mm
4.76 N/mm2
example,
the
operating force
10
N/mm2,
see
table 3.
is
ignored: FI
Fv.
11
Fig.
8:
Cap
(from
^
table
nut
5)
Da
1300 N/mm2
D
-
19.5 + 16.7
=
-
...
Dm=
-19.5-
18.1
mm
2 18.1
mm mm
-
61
(19.5
16.7
mm)
ID'3
/;
expands by
ZlD2
D2 [mm]
10-3
mm
1.49 0.023
15.8
mm
--18.1-
This
in relation
to
the thread
The
to a
according
to
equation (6)
5.3
nut
On the
jack
shown in
fig. 9,
threaded feed
nut
injection
Fi
[N]
D2-fG
+ +
cos
molded from POM engages with a steel spindle. The serviceability of the jack is tested in a long-term trial on
dA fA
special rig in which the jack is lowered position by a specified distance and then
a
from its
raised
highest
4500 N. A
are
assumed
to
be 0.2.
speed speed
of
of the drive
determine
mm
F,=
1.337mm
+
whether the
0.2
-
permissible
15.8
mm
15
mm
0.2
it
0.887
Fig.
=
9:
Jack
nut
(arrow)
286.2 N
to a
radial force
(equation 1)
Fr
FI
tan
0.5206
286.2 N
149 N
This force
corresponds
=
to a
pressure
(equation 12)
PD
W^-L [N/mm2]
149 N
Jt
15.8
mm
10
mm
0.3 N/mm2
to an
S,
PD E (Da
Dm
-
D)
12
Dimensions of the M 12
nut:
6.
Design
Self-locking
notes
D2 H!
z
10.9
mm mm
1.0826
6.1
=21
relationship
tightening
when the threaded parts are will go, i.e. an additional frictional force becomes effec
tive in the
contact area.
Before this
position
is
reached, the
Jt
D2 H,
4500 N
n
10.9
mm
1.0826
mm
FB --y**
tan(y')
'
(27)
5.78 N/mm2
tan
(a
y')
=
tan
tan
The
of 150 mm/min
corresponds
to a
P
tan
d,
JT
75 min"1
Thus the
sliding speed
n
tan
D2
60
[mm/s]
2
fr
\d2-n
'
cos/?
(28)
10.9
mm
75
60s
The
=
plus sign
In this
in brackets denotes
42.8 mm/s
0.0428 m/s
tion).
The p
v
case
value is calculated
as
torque M if the
expression
p-v
d,
=
-JT
cos
No
In table 6, for
permissible 0.15 W/mm2 is quoted for unluv value of p p vperm. bricated operation. With lubricated operation as is pos sible in the present case this value can be increased by
a
sliding speed
=
of
0.5
m/s,
occurs
when the
up
to
50%.
of
d2
In the
case
Thus
permissible
=
value of
P
single-start threads,
the
quotient
p-v.perm.
d2
is
-n
generally
is obtained.
0.060
(metric
The calculated p
value is about 10 /o
higher
than the
(see friction coefficients IG in 0.04 to 0.1), it is table 2). With lubricated surfaces (fG
surfaces
self-locking
to
occurs
permissible.
nut to
Hence in the
long-term trial, pauses are pro cycles to allow the threaded temperature again.
necessary
case
whether self-
place, especially since external vibrations locking can further limit the range of self-locking. In some situa tions, a special thread with a smaller pitch P should be
still takes
used.
13
6.2
stress
resulting
6.2.1
importance.
stress-
Notch factors
aK in
Fig.
KO
ON time result of creep processes at the stress, while the strain-related notch
as a
decreases
over
point
factor
of
highest
Kf
can
produce
flow
and microcracks which, in the presence of certain media, can lead to failure of the component. The grooves of a thread correspond in their effect to a series of notches. These notches lead to increased stress
as
In
tensile
[12], the notch factor for metric thread M 8 under stress was determined using an enlarged,
-
compared
with
smooth
molding.
root
=
geometrically
to
as
maximum
stress
in the notch
0N
thread
<Tmax.
the nominal
stress
2.3
to
2.4
A,.:-f
and
The
(d,2-di2)
(Da2
-
radiusing
on
R associated with
pitch
P has
an
important
influence
see
smaller with
A2
D2),
section 4.1.1,
increasing
notch factor increases with greater thread size. Notch factors for the metric ISO
is described
as
or stress
concentration
trapezoidal
thread
are
factor
On
given
K0
=
in
[13]. Depending
on
to
assumed,
an ana
logous
can
be defined
(high
large
and vice
Ke
=
versa).
eN 6.2.2
depends
on
engaged with
and dimensions of the molded part notch geometry: radiusing R at the transition between
design
was
vidual thread
flights
in the
engaged
play
an
the thread flank and thread root, thread depth HI, inside diameter d;
equal
[12],
part in force transmission. Studies on model threads however, show that about 30 to 40% of the total
type of
stress
linear force FI is absorbed by the first loadbearing thread flight when the inner and outer parts consist of the same material. The proportion of force absorbed by the first
In
[10]
an
presented,
loadbearing
thread
which enables
account
as
concentration
to
be taken into
plastic
[11]
flight depends on the level of linear increasing linear force, the proportion
material behavior
applied of plastics.
in
to
14
To describe the
stress
concentration in the
engaged
thread
zone, therefore, a (load-dependent) notch factor a* is defined, which additionally takes into account load appli
Fig.
12: V-notch
runout
on
produced by
thread
on
to
8.7
high
A
notch factors
can
be reduced if force
trans
mission is distributed
evenly over the individual thread possible design to achieve this is shown in
Fig.
11:
Design
mission in the
for
Thread
runout
V-notch
!:i
5G3
i"T3
OS
u< _x
*
>
X
40 30 20
^5 v/,\
%\
&->
0%
"5
%a
The
10
flights
large notch factor K which results can lead to fail of the component at this point when under internal ure in pressure stress. Thread runouts such as described
DIN 76 part 1 and part 3
must
be avoided with
integrally
molded threads; the thread flight on the mold end with the complete thread profile.
core must
6.3
Static
with
integrally
molded threads
40
30
20 10
0%
flights
basically take place outside the thread, i.e. no seals (hemp, sealing tape) should be used in the thread. In the case of flexible, deformable plastics (e.g. polyethyl ene, elastomer-modified plastics), the components can be sealed with molded-on sealing lips or other readily deform able zones (fig. 13). Sealing
should
By introducing
is
a recess at more
designed
can
to
be
distributed effect
are
more
the end of the nut, this region yielding and hence the load is evenly over the thread flights. A similar
Fig.
integral
seal
6.2.3
plastics molding
is formed in
an
injection mold by
the
on cores are
a core
generally machined,
curvature on
is
produced
In the
case
small radius of
of
must
be used.
15
joint
contact
greater than the pressure difference between the sides of the seal.
Fig.
15: Automatic
elastic seals
Fig,
14: Flat
gasket
Pv
Seal,
pressure-loaded
Squeezing process
result of initial compression
as a
po
_
and
sealing
gaskets (fig. 14), because of the relatively large contact require high prestressing forces Fy to achieve a satis factorily high contact pressure. Owing to bedding down
area,
Flat
pressure p
PB
p + pv
stress
stressed thread
constant start to
zones,
can
Fig.
leak.
in
O-rings placed
which
the
cause
a more
appropriately dimensioned
to
grooves
them
joint
are
required
to
deform
rings
to create contact
than is the
the
gaskets. advantage that the contact pressure necessary for sealing is increased by the pressure of the medium being sealed, fig. 15.
can
with flat
In
O-rings
grooves,
be installed in
rectangular
and
triangular
should be observed.
examples shown in fig. 16, the O-rings are deformed longitudinal direction by prestressing force Fv. The arrangement in fig. 17 is more favorable, in which defor mation of the O-ring is achieved by suitable dimensioning of the internal and external parts and is not dependent on
in the
a
Fig.
17:
of the
prestressing force.
16
7.
Injection molding of
components with molded threads
If
even
parting
are not
allowed
to
integrally
be formed in
7.2
7.1
External thread
Depending
and thread
on
requirements,
various
The external thread forms external undercuts in slides. These undercuts that allow mold
are
be considered.
For short runs, so-called lost
released
by
18.
the action of
at
movement
of the slides
cores are
Fig.
injection mold and ejected with the part after injection molding. Outside the mold, the core is then unscrewed manually or with a special device. For longer runs, the
threaded
cores are
necessary rotary
produced either with the aid of a coarsely threaded spindle via the mold opening movement or via a hydraulically operated rack and pinion system or drive motor.
movement
Fig.
20:
In the
contact area
of the
slides, flash
can
be formed
as a
particular molding conditions or wear. This flash makes it difficult or even impossible to screw the threaded parts. The problem can be avoided by flattening
result of the
the thread in the will then lie
not
out
area
of the
contact
surfaces.
Any flash
opposing
thread and
Another way to demold internal threads is to use a collap sible core. This type of core is divided into segments
be
an
obstruction, fig.
Fig.
which
inwards
so
permitting
release of the
17
Fig. 21: Collapsible core, left: injection molding position, right: demolding position
Manufacturer/sales :
Fig.
22:
DME-Zentrale, 74196 Neuenstadt, Germany Rudolf Riedel GmbH, 58579 Schalksmhle, Germany
demoldabie undercut
Internal threads
via
can
be demolded much
continuous thread is
are
more
angle slides,
if
In
general it
molding with
internal
thread shrinks
the threaded
core
instead individual threaded segments the linear force FI, fig. 22.
take
creasing cooling time the shrinkage forces also increase. With unscrewing cores in particular, this can lead to demolding difficulties if the prescribed cooling time is exceeded, e.g. in the event of interruptions to production.
18
8.
Examples of applications
Water filter
8.1
housing
8.2
water
separator
on
diesel vehicles
Photo 1 shows
a water
two
filter
plug
shown in
water
photo
2 and
fig.
23 is
an
screwed
x
separator with
M 10
1.5
together with an S 80 x 4 buttress thread; the number of loadbearing thread flights z 2. This housing, which is constantly under mains water pressure, is sealed with an axially deformed O-ring. The wall thickness of the
internal part
pans
s2
=
si
4.4
mm.
O-ring. The plug is held captive housing by two snapfit hooks. To achieve the required deformability for snapfitting, the screw bolt is centrally bored and laterally recessed.
an
plug is
sealed with
in the separator
The external thread is formed in splits; the core the internal thread is unscrewed in the mold.
forming
Although
screw
bolt
to
the
is well rounded
(R
0.8
mm), fig.
23
left,
stress
flange cracking
occurred in this
runout.
This
thread and
region owing to the sharp-edged thread problem was remedied by shortening the ending it with a complete profile, fig. 23 right.
Fig.
23: Drain
plug
19
8.3
Grain
8.4
This
an
hopper (photo 3)
x
The
nut
shown in
M 90
x
non-standard
(PP
to
30% w/w
photo 4 made from Hostacom G3 N01 glass fibres, chemically coupled) is used
a
80
20 P 4
=
depth HI
fasten the spare wheel of a car onto The M 8 x 1.25 nut thread is however formed
threaded bolt.
not
complete
but
only
over
two
fig.
thread is divided into two threaded segments, each cover ing an angle at the circumference of 120. The thread is
areas are
offset
demolded via
core.
two
slides
running
on
the
tapered
inner
push
the
slightly
tilted
bolt.
Only through contact with the spare wheel is the axis of the nut aligned with the axis of the threaded bolt so that the thread flights of the nut and bolt can become engaged and the nut tightened up. Fig.
24:
Interrupted M
1.25 thread
20
9.
Explanation of symbols
Unit
Symbol
A,, 2
Explanation
vulnerable cross-section, notch cross-section
Symbol
M
n
Unit
Explanation tightening
mm2
N-m
torque
min"1
spindle speed
flank pressure
pressure
B, L
C
mm
engaged
thread
thread
zone,
area
thread reach
P
N/mm2 N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
D
mm
overlap
PD
d,
internal pressure
d2,D2 d3 dA
mm
N/mm2 W/mm2
permissible
flank pressure
mm
thread
mean
core
diameter
p
v
value
material-dependent design
dimension for helical gears and slide bearings
mm
contact
di
mm
inside diamter of
diameter of the
11 t"T3 L/C dU.1 let PP
joint
mm
thread
pitch
dp
mm
pressure-stressed
PR
PN
frictional energy
bar
mm
nominal pressure
dm, Dm
mm
mean
^\
Da
R
s
radiusing
wall thickness
2
mm
Da
E
mm
joint
m/s
-
sliding speed
number of
N/mm2
thread
a
o
loadbearing flights
helix
fA
angle
surface
K,
KS
K,
-
notch factors
fc
FB
N N N
operating
force
a*
load-dependent
half
notch factor
Fi
F Fr Fv
linear force
force
angle
of thread
perpendicular
radial force
r
e
angle
strain
of friction
N
N
prestressing force
Oz
N/mm2 N/mm2
tensile
stress
"perm.
permissible
tensile
stress
H,,h3, H4, c
H5
mm
thread
flank
depth
mm
overlap
21
10. Literature
[1]
DIN 2244
[9] DIN
19632
Gewinde, Begriffe [2] DIN 202 Gewinde, bersicht [3] DIN 13, Bl. l Metrisches ISO-Gewinde.
Regeln
[10]
[11]
des DVGW
DIN EN 200
Regelgewinde
DIN 13, Bl. 9
von
von
l bis 68
mm
Sanitr armaturen
H. Neuber:
Gewindedurchmesser.
Feingewinde
40 bis 300
mit
Steigung
mm
mm
Gewindedurchmesser.
von
Festigkeitsberechnungen
Regel-
und
Feingewinde
l bis
mm
Gewindedurchmesser. Auswahl
fr Durchmesser und
Steigungen.
Konstruktion 20 (1968) 7, p. 245 [12] E.Wei: Zur Bercksichtigung der Kerbwirkung bei viskoelastischem Materialverhalten
Plaste und Kautschuk 35
[4]
DIN 513
Metrisches
(1988) 2,
p. 67
620
mm)
[13]
K.H.
Kloos,W. Thomala:
im
[5] DIN
Spannungsverteilung
[14] G. Pahl,
K.
Schraubengewinde
Bergner, Schwabach
Metrisches
Bordas,
von
A. Oedekoven:
[6]
DIN/ISO 228
Berechnung
[15]
fr Kunststoffbehltnisse
Trapezgewinden
(1985) l,
p. 25
Rohrgewinde Verbindungen
[7] DIN
Tl. l
Tl. 2
6063
Konstruktion 37
DIN 76, Tl. l
+ 3
Gewindeauslufe, Gewindefreistiche
Gewinde
[16]
H. Gastrow:
Der
Carl Hanser
[8]
DIN 405
Rundgewinde (Gewindedurchmesser
8 bis 200
mm)
22
to
such
as
advise you
pleased processing.
state
will be
A.
Engineering plastics A. 1 1 Grades and properties A. 1.2 Grades and properties A. 1.4 Grades and properties A. 1.5 Grades and properties Vandar, Impet A.2.1 Calculation principles
.
present
of knowl
edge products
strued
and is intended
and their
to
provide general
It should
not
notes on our
con
uses.
therefore be
Celanex,
guaranteeing specific properties of the products described or their suitability for a particular application. Any existing industrial property rights must be observed. The quality of our products is guaranteed under our
as
A.2.2 Hostaform
calculation
A.2.3
examples
-
Hostacom
calculation
examples
B.
Design of technical mouldings B. 1.1 Spur gears with gearwheels made from Hostaform, Celanex and Hostalen GUR
B.2.2 Worm gears with
worm
Applications involving the use of the Hoechst materials Hostaform, Hostacom, Hostalen PP and Celanex are developments or products of the plastics processing industry. Hoechst as manufacturers of the starting mate rial will be pleased to give the names of other processors of plastics for engineering applications.
Hostaform
B.3.1
B.3.5
B.3.7
Design calculations for snapfit joints in plastic parts Fastening with metal screws Plastic parts with integrally moulded threads Design calculations for press-fit joints Integral hinges in engineering plastics Ultrasonic welding and assembly of emgineering plastics
C. Production
C.2.1 Hot
C.2.2
C.3.5
of technical mouldings runner system Indirectly heated, thermally conductive torpedo Hot runner system Indirectly heated, thermally conductive torpedo Design principles and examples of molds for processing Hostaform Machining Hostaform Design of moldings made from engineering plastics Guidelines for the design of moldings in engineering plastics Outsert molding with Hostaform
-
Copyright by
August
Hoechst
Aktiengesellschaft
Issued in
1996/1 st edition
23
Vandar
Riteflex Vectra
Fortron
polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)
Europe
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