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    Calcaneus

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    The calcaneus, or heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone in the human foot. It articulates with the talus bone above and supports the weight of the body. Key structures that connect to the calcaneus include the Achilles tendon that inserts on its superior surface and the subtalar joint it forms with the talus, which allows for inversion and eversion of the foot. In horses, the calcaneus has similar articulations and serves as the insertion point for the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor tendons.

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    Calcaneus

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    MediaWalesGR
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    The calcaneus, or heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone in the human foot. It articulates with the talus bone above and supports the weight of the body. Key structures that connect to the calcaneus include the Achilles tendon that inserts on its superior surface and the subtalar joint it forms with the talus, which allows for inversion and eversion of the foot. In horses, the calcaneus has similar articulations and serves as the insertion point for the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor tendons.

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    The calcaneus, or heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone in the human foot. It articulates with the talus bone above and supports the weight of the body. Key structures that connect to the calcaneus include the Achilles tendon that inserts on its superior surface and the subtalar joint it forms with the talus, which allows for inversion and eversion of the foot. In horses, the calcaneus has similar articulations and serves as the insertion point for the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor tendons.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    11K views4 pages

    Calcaneus

    Uploaded by

    MediaWalesGR
    The calcaneus, or heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone in the human foot. It articulates with the talus bone above and supports the weight of the body. Key structures that connect to the calcaneus include the Achilles tendon that inserts on its superior surface and the subtalar joint it forms with the talus, which allows for inversion and eversion of the foot. In horses, the calcaneus has similar articulations and serves as the insertion point for the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor tendons.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Calcaneus

    Calcaneus
    Bone: Calcaneus

    Subtalar Joint

    Left calcaneus, lateral surface. Latin Gray's MeSH Os calcis subject #63 263 Calcaneus [2] [1]

    In humans, the calcaneus (from the Latin calcaneum, meaning heel[3]) or heel bone is a bone of the tarsus of the foot which constitute the heel. In some other animals, it is the point of the hock.

    Human anatomy

    Left calcaneus, superior and medial aspects.

    Calcaneus

    In humans, the calcaneus is the largest of the tarsal bones and the largest bone of the foot. In it, several important structures can be distinguished:[4] The posterior half of the bone is the tuber calcanei. On its lower edge on either sides are its lateral and medial processes (serving as the origins of the abductor hallucis and abductor digit minimi). The Achilles tendon is inserted into a roughened area on its superior side, the cuboid bone articulates with its anterior side, and on its superior side are three articular surfaces for the articulation with the talus bone. Between these superior articulations and the equivalents on the talus is the tarsal sinus (a canal occupied by the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament). On the medial side of the bone, below the middle talar facet, is the sustentaculum tali (which serves for the attachment of several other ligaments). On the lateral side is commonly a tubercle called the peroneal trochlea, under which is a groove for the tendon of the peroneus longus. [4] In the calcaneus, an ossification center is developed during the 4-7th intrauterine month. [4] With normal axial alignment in the hindfoot, the axes of the tibia and calcaneus lie on a vertical line (pes rectus). If the calcaneal axis is turned medially the foot is in an everted position (pes valgus), and if it is turned laterally the foot is in an inverted position (pes varus). [5]

    Horse
    The calcaneus has two articulations, being part of the Proximal intertarsal joint and the Talocalcaneal joint. As in humans it is the insertion of the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor tendons. The point of the calcaneus is covered by the calcanean bursa.

    Additional images

    Calcaneus - superior view

    Calcaneus - inferior view

    Left calcaneus, inferior surface

    Bones of the right foot. Dorsal surface.

    Bones of the right foot. Plantar surface.

    Skeleton of foot. Medial aspect.

    Skeleton of foot. Lateral aspect.

    Capsule of left talocrura articulation (distended). Lateral aspect.

    Calcaneus

    Coronal section through right talocrural and talocalcaneal joints.

    Talocalcaneal and talocalcaneonavicular articulations exposed from above by removing the talus.

    Oblique section of left intertarsal and tarsometatarsal articulations, showing the synovial cavities.

    Calcaneus fracture X-ray

    Bones of foot

    Notes
    [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] http:/ / education. yahoo. com/ reference/ gray/ subjects/ subject?id=63#p263 http:/ / www. nlm. nih. gov/ cgi/ mesh/ 2007/ MB_cgi?mode=& term=Calcaneus Mosbys Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Dictionary, Fourth Edition, Mosby-Year Book Inc., 1994, p. 242 Platzer (2004), p 216 Thieme Atlas of Anatomy (2006), p 410

    References
    Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. ISBN3-13-533305-1. Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System. Thieme. 2006. ISBN1-58890-419-9.

    External links
    lljoints (http://mywebpages.comcast.net/wnor/lljoints.htm) at The Anatomy Lesson (http://home.comcast. net/~wnor/homepage.htm) by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) ( posterioranklejoint (http:// mywebpages.comcast.net/wnor/posterioranklejoint.jpg))

    Article Sources and Contributors

    Article Sources and Contributors


    Calcaneus Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=461778933 Contributors: AS, Addingrefs, Alex.tan, Anatomist90, Arcadian, Bluemoose, Caerwine, Chochopk, CitizenB, Clicketyclack, Corinne68, Dcfleck, ELLusKa 86, Elf, Felix116, Flyguy649, Goplat, Gouerouz, JoJan, Joelmills, Kauczuk, Malcolm Morley, MatthewRiche, MegaSloth, MementoVivere, Mikael Hggstrm, Mpbx3003, Nephron, Nono64, Nuno Tavares, Nurg, Philosophy.dude, Princess Clown, Raven in Orbit, Rjwilmsi, Rwallen, Salam32, Shinnin, SimonP, Technotaoist, Tim Q. Wells, Unara, Vedran12, 29 anonymous edits

    Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors


    Image:Subtalar Joint.PNG Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Subtalar_Joint.PNG License: GNU Free Documentation License Contributors: Beth ohara, Lennert B, Mikael Hggstrm Image:Gray266.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray266.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray264.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray264.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray267.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray267.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia File:Calcaneum - superior view.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Calcaneum_-_superior_view.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: User:Anatomist90 File:Calcaneum - inferior view.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Calcaneum_-_inferior_view.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Contributors: User:Anatomist90 Image:Gray265.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray265.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray268.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray268.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray269.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray269.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray290.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray290.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray291.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray291.png License: Public Domain Contributors: User Magnus Manske on en.wikipedia Image:Gray356.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray356.png License: Public Domain Contributors: Arcadian, Fryed-peach, Hellerhoff, Kersti Nebelsiek, Mats Halldin, Moros, Quibik, Skipjack Image:Gray357.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray357.png License: Public Domain Contributors: Arcadian, Fryed-peach, Hellerhoff, Mats Halldin, Moros, Skipjack Image:Gray359.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray359.png License: Public Domain Contributors: Arcadian, Hellerhoff, Mats Halldin Image:Gray360.png Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Gray360.png License: Public Domain Contributors: Arcadian, Fryed-peach, Mats Halldin Image:Calcaneus Fracture.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Calcaneus_Fracture.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: Hellerhoff, Jojo, Juiced lemon, Mats Halldin, Nevit, Petrus Adamus, RosarioVanTulpe, Tano4595, 3 anonymous edits Image:Ospied-de.svg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Ospied-de.svg License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Contributors: Ospied.svg: *Ospied.jpg: VonTasha derivative work: mario modesto (talk) derivative work: Uwe Gille (talk)

    License
    Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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