Human and Social Biology Review 4

HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY REVIEW For questions 1-6, state the nutrient required in the diet to cure
a child suffering from: Condition Nutrient 1. Anaemia 2. Rickets 3. Kwashiorkor 4. Night Blindness 5. Beri-Beri 6. Scurvy
Fill in the gaps in the following sentences Photosynthesis involves the manufacture of 7. _________________ from 8. ______________ and 9. _________________ using energy from the 10. _________________. The gas given off in the process is 11. _________________ which animals use in the process of 12. ____________. Plant proteins are made from 13. ________________ absorbed from the soil combined with carbohydrates. These second class proteins lack some 14. _________________ acids often present in animal proteins. 15. The decay of teeth is started by A. hard food substances wearing down the teeth B. corrosive food substances C. bacteria producing acids D. bacteria feeding on enamel 16. A disease caused by contaminated food is A. gingivitis B. diarrhoea C. cholera D. vomiting 17. The large intestine in man A. absorbs glucose and amino acids B. stores faeces for elimination C. absorbs water and salts from faeces D. contains cellulose digesting bacteria
Complete the following sentences When the arm bends (flexes) at the elbow, the triceps muscle will 18. ___________________ while the biceps muscle will 19. __________________. This double action of the muscle is described as being 20. ______________________. Movement at the elbow occurs in one plane only because of a 21. ________________ joint. At the shoulder is a 22. ___________________________ joint which allows almost complete rotation. Muscle contraction is initiated by the brain which sends a 23. ________________ To the muscle which is described as 24. _________________________ because it is under conscious control. A high energy compound in the muscle called 25. ____________________________ loses phosphate to form 26. _______________________________ during muscle activity. 27. The action of sunlight on the skin is to synthesize A. vitamin D B. Vitamin A C. vitamin B1 D. Vitamin C 28. The control of body temperature is assisted by A. diffusion B. osmosis C. evaporation D. dialysis 29. Clean and dry skin is essential to prevent parasitism by organisms causing A. Tinea B. Thrush C. Typhoid D. Tuberculosis 30. Loss of heat from the body is increased by A. clothing B. sub-cutaneous fat C. vasodilation D. shivering
Each of the following statements is incorrect in one respect. By adding, deleting or changing words, rewrite each sentence correctly. 31. Sweating cools the body. _____________________________________________________________ 32. Undigested food is excreted from the body in faeces _______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________
33. Traces of urea are secreted from the body in sweat. _________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________
34. Blinking the eyes to avoid the danger from an initially unnoticed flying insect is an example of A. spinal reflex B. voluntary action C. endocrine action D. cranial reflex 35. Receptors are found in the skin detecting A. light B. gravity C. humidity D. temperature 36.Most of the refraction (bending) of light in the eye occurs in the A. cornea B. vitreous humour C. aqueous humour D. lens 37. The hormone insulin is secreted by A. liver cells B. islets of Langerhans C. adrenal glands D. pituitary glands
38. After fertilization the number of the chromosomes in the zygote is A. The same as in the spermatozoa B. Twice as many as in the spermatozoa C. Half as many as in the spermatozoa D. The same as in the ovum 39.The interval of time between fertilization and birth is called A. parturition B. ovulation C. gestation D. lactation 40. The expanding population does not usually produce a problem of A. pollution B. food shortage C. more producers D. more consumers
Complete the following table by writing the best answer. Use the information provided Column A: virus, bacterium, fungus Disease 41. Typhoid 42. Influenza 43. Dengue Fever 44. Ringworm 45. Gonorrhoea Examine the following data and answer questions 46 - 52. The most common diseases detected in men in three prisons A, B and C are shown in the table below. Numbers represent prisoners recorded as suffering from the disease over a five year period. Prison B 15 0 11 4 4 8 0 Column B: food, contact, air, insect bite A B Organisms causing the disease Means of entering the body
A Scurvy Dengue Fever Ringworm Tuberculosis Coronary Thrombosis Typhoid Lung cancer Which of these prisons is most likely to 46. Have unhygienic food preparation 47. Having dirty bedding, infrequently changed 48. Have insufficient exercise for prisoners 49. Have inadequate ventilation 50. Have the highest incidence of smoking among prisoners 51. Have nearby mosquito breeding grounds 52. Have a diet deficient in vitamin C 0 0 20 15 10 0 8
C 0 25 2 3 0 1 1

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HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY REVIEW For questions 1-6, state the nutrient required in the diet to cure

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