BRIARCLIFFE COLLEGE PL212 SPRING 2012 PROF.

SCADUTO QUIZ 4 REVIEW PACKET-44 Questions-2 pts Each=110 Points Possible CH 5 1. One important criterion for evaluating your beliefs is that the source of the information that is the basis for the belief must be ___________. a. reliable b. verifiable c. falsifiable d. explainable 2. In the article, The Story Behind the Story, journalist Mark Bowden states that the quest for information has been superceded by a. the quest for knowledge b. human bondage c. ignorance and stupidity d. the quest for ammunition. 3. The author identifies four parts of our thought system as constituting a belief. What are the four parts? a. Feeling, sensing, predicting, evaluating b. Predicting, sensing, proving, trusting c. Interpretation, prediction, evaluation, conception d. Interpretation, evaluation, conclusion, prediction 4. According to the section of the chapter devoted to Evaluating Online Information, a critical thinker should never accept information at face value without first establishing __________________. a. its accuracy, source, and where the source got their information b. the way the source interpreted their source c. its accuracy, credibility, and point of view d. the possible bias of the source of information CH 6 5. What part of a words total meaning defines its relationship to other words in the sentence? a. Syntactic meaning b. Perceptual meaning c. Pragmatic meaning d. Semantic meaning 6. What are the three relationships among words that are defined by a syntactic meaning? a. Content, description and connection b. Connection, semantics and meaning c. Description, connection and usage d. Description, semantics and usage 7. What part of a words total meaning expresses the relationship between a linguistic event and an individuals consciousness? a. Syntactic meaning b. Semantic meaning c. Perceptual meaning d. Pragmatic meaning 8. There are special forms of _______________that are not determined by age; rather they are determined by profession or interest group. a. Social variation b. Jargon

c. Slang d. Dialect 9. Often language style is determined by the context, but sometimes speakers who differ from each other in terms of age, sex or social class also differ from each other in their speech. What is this difference called? a. Dialect b. Slang c. Jargon d. Social variation 12. Which meaning of a word expresses the relationship between a linguistic event (speaking or writing) and a nonlinguistic event (an object, idea, or feeling)? a. Semantic meaning b. Syntactic meaning c. Perceptual meaning d. Pragmatic meaning CH 7 13. __________________ is a visual presentation of the way in which concepts can be related to one another. In this process we see how elements of one concept relate to another. a. Metacognition b. A flow chart c. A mind map d. A contingency table 14. Suppose you and a friend go to the supermarket and your friend picks up a tomato and asks, Is a tomato a fruit or a vegetable? Your response would be based upon a. the physical properties of the tomato. b. using a concept to classify the tomato. c. the sign above the tomatoes. d. the ripeness of the tomato. 15. Lets assume that you have always been taught that lying is wrong. It is unethical and immoral to lie. Your best friend comes over to your house and tells you, If my mom calls, tell her I am not here. You tell your friend that you cant do that because lying is wrong. We call this process _____________ a concept (deciding that lying is wrong). a. generalizing b. theorizing c. implying d. interpreting 16. Ponder, for a moment, the concept of passive euthanasia; where a doctor either stops a treatment or never begins a treatment on a patient because the patient is so ill that the treatment may not be of any benefit. These examples help a. Generalization b. Interpretation c. Defining a concept d. Using a concept to classify 17. Looking for different things to apply the concept to in order to determine if they meet the requirements of the concept we are developing is referred to as __________. a. referent

b. interpreting c. inferring d. generalizing

CH 8 1. The world is not a static environment. On the contrary, we are active participants in composing the world around us through our perceptions. The goal of this composing process is to organize your world into meaningful patterns that will help you to deal more effectively with your environment. Composing your world involves all the following activities except a. Believing b. Symbolizing c. Controlling d. Conceptualizing 19. On September 11, 2001, terrorists attacked the United States by seizing and flying four commercial jetliners into three public targets. As a result of this dastardly act, the president of the United States declared war on global terrorism. This passage is an example of a ______________________. a. irrational fear b. causal relationship c. rush-to-judgment d. paranoia 20. Cognitively relating and organizing concepts can be broken down into three types of relationships. What are they? a. Personal, Emotional, and Chronological b. Personal, Hierarchical, and Subliminal c. Comparative, Theoretical, and Emotional d. Comparative, Chronological, and Causal 21. Performing a process analysis involves two basic steps. The two steps are a. identifying the process and defining all its parts. b. dividing the process into stages and testing each stage. c. identifying the process and explaining the movement of the process through its parts. d. dividing the process into stages and explaining the movement of the process through its stages. 22. Have you ever lost your keys? What do you do? You go back to a time when you last had your keys and then you go through all the things you did in order to determine where you might have put your keys. This process is known as a. analogical pattern of thinking b. causal pattern of thinking c. chronological pattern of thinking d. comparative pattern of thinking 23. When you study for a test, you get a good grade. When you get a good grade, your family is proud of you. When your family is proud of you, you feel better about yourself. When you feel better about yourself, you perform better at work. This is an example of a. interactive causes. b. contributory causes

c. a causal chain. d. interlocking causes. TRUE/FALSE CH 5 1. You can believe what is not so, but you cannot know what is not so. a. True b. False 2. Once one has rejected the dogmatic, authoritarian limitations of the Garden of Eden style of thinking, he or she usually becomes highly skeptical of information coming from unknown sources. a. True b. False 3. There is no guarantee that knowledge will be accurate, even when you carefully select knowledgeable sources. a. True b. False CH 6 4. Another component of a words total meaning is its syntactic meaning, which expresses the relationship between a linguistic event and an individuals consciousness. a. True b. False CH 7 5. The way you classify reflects and influences the way you see the world and as such, the way you interact with individuals of lesser ability to think critically. a. True b. False 6. Looking for different things to apply the concept to in order to determine if they meet the requirements of the concept we are developing is called generalizing. a. True b. False 7. In determining exactly what the requirements of a concept are, we can ask ourselves, Would something still be an example of this concept if it did not meet the requirements? a. True b. False CH 8 8. Selective comparisons are a problem because they occur when you take a one-sided view of a comparison situation. a. True b. False FILL IN THE BLANK CH 5 1. When judging information, the critical thinker will evaluate the information on the basis of _____________ and 2. _______________. 3. In the area of evaluating the evidence that we use to determine the quality of our beliefs, the author offers us four areas we might question for accuracy. The first of the four areas is authorities. The other three areas are 3. __________, 4. _____________ and 5. ______________ CH 6 6. Words that we use to substitute a more pleasant, less objectionable way of saying something for a blunt or more direct way are called __________________. 7. A word that lacks a clear or distinct meaning is called a ___________ word. 8. The ________________ meaning of a word expresses the relationship between a linguistic event and a nonlinguistic event. CH 7 9. The events of September 11, 2001 helped to define this generation of Americans through their response to terrorism. What event occurred on December 7, 1942 that helped to define Americans in

that era of history? _________________ 10. The _______________ of a concept are the features that all things named by the word or sign have in common. CH 8 11. When making comparisons, there are two pitfalls you should try to avoid: _____________ and 12. ______________ comparisons. 13. To understand and explain how an organ like the heart, liver or brain functions, you have to describe its complex, ________________ relationships with all the other parts of your biological system.