Inside The Digital Gate: Reading: Chapter 6 of A&L
Inside The Digital Gate: Reading: Chapter 6 of A&L
Inside The Digital Gate: Reading: Chapter 6 of A&L
002x
Review
receiver
VIH VIL
forbidden region
Review
Combinational gate abstraction outputs function of input alone satisfies static discipline
A B
C
NAND
A 0 0 1 1
B 0 1 0 10
C 1 1 1
3
Review
A B C
A digital circuit
D
3 gates here
A Nehalem class microprocessor from Intel has approx 1 billion gates The RAW multicore chip (http://groups.csail.mit.edu/cag/raw/) built by students at CSAIL, MIT, had about 3 million gates The 64-core Tile processor from Tilera has approx a half billion gates
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Demo
Z = X Y X Y Z
Z
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Electrical Analogy
Equivalent ckt
For mechanical switch, control mechanical pressure
3-Terminal device if C = 0: short circuit between in and out else: open circuit between in and out
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What about?
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What about?
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D A B C
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Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor 3 terminal lumped element behaves like a switch G: control terminal
G S
VT ~ 1V
t ck ou book Che ext the t s for itnal inter ture Struc .7 Sec 6
for example
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Demo
You get two v-i relations; One for each switch setting
iDS iG vGS
+ +
vDS
iDS
vs vDS
vDS
(As we will see soon, note that the actual MOSFET behavior is quite a bit more complex. The above switch characterization is a gross simplification. If you cannot wait, check out Section 7.3 of the textbook for the actual MOSFET characteristics)
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A MOSFET Inverter
A B
Note the power of abstraction: The abstract inverter gate representation hides internal details such as power supply connections, RL, GND, etc. When we build digital circuits, the and are common across all gates!
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We can plot the relationship between the input and output voltages
vIN VS = 5V
RL
vOUT
vOUT 5V
vOUT vIN
0V V T =1V
5V
vIN
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Question: The T1000 model laptop needs gates that satisfy a static discipline with voltage thresholds given below. Does our inverter qualify?
vIN
vOUT
VOH VOL
receiver 0
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Does our inverter satisfy the voltage thresholds for this static discipline?
5V
VOUT
vIN
vOUT
VIL = 0.9V VIH = 4.1V
1
VOH 4.5
0V
VT =1V
5V
VIN
VOL 0.5
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vIN Does our inverter satisfy the static discipline for these different thresholds?
VOUT
vOUT
5V
0V
VT =1V
5V
VIN
vIN
VOL = 0.5V VOH = 4.5V
vOUT
VIL = 1.5V VIH = 3.5V
0V
VT =1V
VIN
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vGS < VT
S D
vGS VT
S
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SR Model of MOSFET
MOSFET S model iDS
D G S
D
RON
Demo
vGS VT
vGS VT
vGS < VT
VDS
vGS < VT
VDS
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vOUT
C
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vOUT
VS RL C=1
vOUT 5V
vOUT
C=0 RON
vOUT
RON
vIN
vIN
0V V T =1V
5V
vIN
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Does our inverter satisfy the voltage thresholds for this static discipline?
5V
VOUT
vIN
vOUT
VIL = 0.9V VIH = 4.1V
1
VOH 4.5
0V
0.45V
VT =1V
5V
VIN
VOL 0.5
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D A B C
A B
D C
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A=1 B=1
RON
C=0
RON
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