Workshop 4

Beam Modeling

Building Frame

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

Determine the deflections and stresses in a building frame due to gravity and a "snow load" of 0.25 psi. Given: A database file containing the geometry with material properties defined.

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
1. 2.

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

Enter ANSYS in the working directory specified by your instructor using bldg as the jobname. Resume the bldg-geom.db1 database file, then plot lines to see the complete geometry.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
3.
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Sections > -Beam- Common Sectns .. ID = 1, Name = column, Sub-Type = I W1 = 12, W2 = 12, W3 = 12.12, t1 = 0.605, t2 = 0.605, t3 = 0.39 [Apply] ID = 2, Name = girder, Sub-Type = I W1 = 10.425, W2 = 10.425, W3 = 16.97, t1 = 0.985, t2 = 0.985, t3 = 0.585 [Apply] ID = 3, Name = beam, Sub-Type = I W1 = 6.535, W2 = 6.535, W3 = 8.06, t1 = 0.465, t2 = 0.465, t3 = 0.285 [Apply] ID = 4, Name = peak, Sub-Type = (hollow rectangle) W1 = 6, W2 = 6, t1 = 0.25, t2 = 0.25, t3 = 0.25, t4 = 0.25 [OK] Toolbar > SAVE_DB

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

Define three I-beam sections and one box-beam section, then save the database.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
3. (cont'd)
Or issue: /PREP7 SECTYPE,1,BEAM,I,COLUMN SECDATA,12,12,12.12,.605,.605,.39 SECTYPE,2,BEAM,I,GIRDER SECDATA,10.425,10.425,16.97,.985,.985,.585 SECTYPE,3,BEAM,I,BEAM SECDATA,6.535,6.535,8.06,.465,.465,.285 SECTYPE,4,BEAM,HREC,PEAK SECDATA,6,6,.25,.25,.25,.25,0,0,0,0 SAVE

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-5

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
4. Mesh the vertical lines with "column" beams.
Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cartesian Utility Menu > Select > Entities... Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0, 119 From Full, [Apply], [Plot] Element Attributes: set to [Lines] and press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 1, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

Main Menu > Preprocessor > MeshTool

Enter 102 in the Input Window for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 4, then [OK] Mesh: set to [Lines] and press [Mesh] [Pick All]

Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Size and Shape ...
/ESHAPE = ON [OK]

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
4. (cont'd)
Or issue: CSYS,0 LSEL,S,LOC,Z,0,119 LATT,1,,1,,102,,1 LESIZE,ALL,,,4 LMESH,ALL /ESHAPE,1 EPLOT

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-7

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
5. Mesh the horizontal lines with "girder" beams.
Select Entities: Choose Lines, By Location, Y Coordinates; Min, Max = 480 From Full, [Apply], [Plot] Min, Max = 240 Also Select, [Apply], [Replot] Min, Max = 0 Also Select, [Apply], [Replot] Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0,119 Unselect, [Apply], [Replot] Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 2, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 6, then [OK] Press [Mesh] [Pick All]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

MeshTool:

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
5. (cont'd)
Or issue: LSEL,S,LOC,Y,480 LSEL,A,LOC,Y,240 LSEL,A,LOC,Y,0 LSEL,U,LOC,Z,0,119 LATT,1,,1,,101,,2 LESIZE,ALL,,,6 LMESH,ALL

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-9

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
6. Mesh the sloping lines with "peak" beams.
Select Entities: Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 121, 165 From Full, [Apply], [Plot] Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 4, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] Enter 103 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 4, then [OK] Press [Mesh] [Pick All] Or issue: LSEL,S,LOC,Z,121,165 LATT,1,,1,,103,,4 LESIZE,ALL,,,4 LMESH,ALL

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

MeshTool:

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
7. Mesh the remaining lines with "beam" beams.
Select Entities: Choose Lines, By Attributes, Section ID num; Min, Max = 1,4 From Full, [Apply], [Invert], [Plot] Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] [Pick All] MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 3, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] [Pick All] NDIV = 6, then [OK] Press [Mesh] [Pick All] Or issue: LSEL,S,SEC,,1,4 LSEL,INVE LATT,1,,1,,101,,3 LESIZE,ALL,,,6 LMESH,ALL

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

MeshTool:

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
8. Mesh the roof areas with shell elements.
MeshTool: Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set] TYPE = 2, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section" [OK] Mesh: set to [Areas] Shape: set to "Quad" and "Free" Press [Mesh]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

[Pick All] Or issue: TYPE,2 SECNUM,0 AMESH,ALL

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
9. Coat the roof elements with surface effect elements.
Select Entities: Choose Elements, By Elem Name, 93 From Full, [Apply], [Plot] Choose Nodes, Attached to Elements From Full, [Apply], [Plot] Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set] TYPE = 3, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section" [OK]

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

MeshTool:

Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > Elements > -Surf / Contact- Surf Effect > -Generl Surface- No extra Node + [Pick All] Or issue: ESEL,S,ENAME,,93 NSLE,S TYPE,3 ESURF,ALL

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
10. Fix the base nodes (the nodes at Z=0) in all directions. 11. Load step 1: Apply gravity loading in the Z-direction.
Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Gravity

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

ACELZ = 386

[OK] Or issue: ACEL,,,386

12. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 1.

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
13. Load step 2: Apply the pressure load on all surface effect elements.
Select Entities: Choose Elements, By Attributes, Elem type num; Min, Max = 3 From Full, [Apply], [Plot] [Pick All] LKEY = 5 VALUE = 0.25 VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 = 0, 0, -1 [OK] /PBC = All Applied BC's /PSF = Pressures Show pres and convect as Arrows

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Pressure > On Elements +

Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Symbols

[OK] Or issue: ESEL,S,TYPE,,3 SFE,ALL,5,PRES,,0.25,0,0,-1 /PSF,PRES,,2 EPLOT

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
14. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 2.

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

15. Enter POST1 (General Postprocessor) and read results for load step 1 (first set). 16. Unselect the shell and surface effect elements (types 2 & 3) and plot the deformed shape.

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-16

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
17. Read results for load step 2 (next set) and plot the deformed shape. If desired, animate the deformed shape.

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-17

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame

Workshop Supplement

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

18. Reselect elements with Section ID = 1 (columns) and plot SX stresses (i.e., axial + bending stresses). 19. For clarity, turn off element outlines.
Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Edge Options /GLINE = None /REPLOT = Replot

[OK] Or issue: /GLINE,,-1 /REPLOT

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4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
20. Plot SX stresses for the "girder" beams (section ID = 2).

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-19

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
21. Plot SX stresses for the "beam" beams (section ID = 3).

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-20

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2

4. Beam Modeling

Building Frame
22. Plot SX stresses for the "peak" beams (section ID = 4). 23. Finally, exit ANSYS without saving anything.

Workshop Supplement

October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-21

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS 6.0 - Part 2