Millenium Development Goal No 4
Millenium Development Goal No 4
Millenium Development Goal No 4
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight international development goals that were officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration. All 193 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations have agreed to achieve these goals by the year 2015.
8 MDG GOALS
INDICATORS:
Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five by 2015 Under-five mortality rate Infant mortality rate Proportion of 1 year-old children immunised against measles
Most of the deaths are due to causes like pneumonia, diarrhoea, measles, malaria, and neonatal causes.
Child mortality, also known as under-5 mortality, refers to the death of infants and children under the age of five per 1,000 live births.
Infant mortality rate (IMR) is the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1000 live births.
According to UNICEF, most child deaths result from one the following five causes or a combination of: Acute respiratory infections Diarrhoea Measles Malaria Malnutrition
mothers
WHO strategies
1.Appropriate home care and timely treatment of complications for newborns
WHO strategies
2. Integrated management of childhood illness for all children under five years old
WHO strategies
3. Expanded programme on immunization
WHO strategies
4. Infant and young child feeding.
WHO strategies
5. These child health strategies are complemented by interventions for maternal health, in particular, skilled care during pregnancy and childbirth.
The poorest states in India (e.g., Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Orissa, and Madhya Pradesh): are among the most populous in the country, and have among the worst MD indicators.
Owing to more rapid population growth, these states will account for an even larger share of Indias population in 2015. Therefore, Indias attainment of MDGs will largely depend on the performance of these states.
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U5MR per thousand live births: 125 (1990) 74.6 (2005-06) 62 (2010) Target is to reduce it to 42 (2015)
Conclusion
To accelerate progress towards achieving MDG-4 by 2015 there are four areas of concern to address: 1. Large inequities in U5 mortality across states and between social and economic groups inhibit the acceleration in progress. 2. Continued presence of several risk factors, which are significantly associated with infant and U5 mortality retard the progress includes low levels of maternal education (less than class 8) early childbearing (earlier than 20 yrs) inadequate birth spacing (less than 24 months).
Conclusion
contd..
3. Highlight the importance of improving quality of perinatal care for improving child survival.
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