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    DOE Presentation

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    Gaddipati Mohankrishna
    This document provides an overview of design of experiments (DOE) methodology. It defines key DOE terms and outlines the general procedure, including establishing objectives, identifying factors and levels, determining sample size, randomizing trials, running the experiment, and analyzing results. As an example, it describes a case study on minimizing morning commute time by varying factors like day of week, departure time, and school schedule. Graphs from the analysis show main effects and interactions for factors. The document also shows how to conduct the DOE using Minitab and Excel software.

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    DOE Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Gaddipati Mohankrishna
    294 views20 pages
    This document provides an overview of design of experiments (DOE) methodology. It defines key DOE terms and outlines the general procedure, including establishing objectives, identifying factors and levels, determining sample size, randomizing trials, running the experiment, and analyzing results. As an example, it describes a case study on minimizing morning commute time by varying factors like day of week, departure time, and school schedule. Graphs from the analysis show main effects and interactions for factors. The document also shows how to conduct the DOE using Minitab and Excel software.

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    This document provides an overview of design of experiments (DOE) methodology. It defines key DOE terms and outlines the general procedure, including establishing objectives, identifying factors and levels, determining sample size, randomizing trials, running the experiment, and analyzing results. As an example, it describes a case study on minimizing morning commute time by varying factors like day of week, departure time, and school schedule. Graphs from the analysis show main effects and interactions for factors. The document also shows how to conduct the DOE using Minitab and Excel software.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    294 views20 pages

    DOE Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Gaddipati Mohankrishna
    This document provides an overview of design of experiments (DOE) methodology. It defines key DOE terms and outlines the general procedure, including establishing objectives, identifying factors and levels, determining sample size, randomizing trials, running the experiment, and analyzing results. As an example, it describes a case study on minimizing morning commute time by varying factors like day of week, departure time, and school schedule. Graphs from the analysis show main effects and interactions for factors. The document also shows how to conduct the DOE using Minitab and Excel software.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Design of Experiment

    CASE: Traffic Times

    12/12/2007
    Bryce Gantt Igor Uroic

    Design of Experiments
    CASE: Traffic Times
    Bryce Gantt, Igor Uroic Agenda: Definition
    Experiment Types Terminology

    Procedure
    Full-Factorial Experiment Graphs

    Example: Traffic Times Minitab Procedure Excel Procedure

    Definition
    Design of Experiment (DOE) is a structured method for determining the relationship between process factors (x) and the process output (Y) A structured DOE has several benefits:
    Identifies important factors Establishes process stability Allows simultaneous factor interaction analysis Determines optimal operating conditions

    Experiment Types
    Trial and Error
    Random changes to factors

    One Factor at a Time


    Hold one factor constant and vary the other No ability to evaluate combined effect

    Full-Factorial
    Evaluate all possible combinations of factors at levels

    Fractional-Factorial
    Evaluate only a fraction of possible combinations Less information than a Full-Factorial

    Terminology
    Factor
    Process variable (x)

    Level
    Settings at which a factor is being evaluated e.g. pressure settings (3psi, 5psi OR 10psi)

    Interaction
    Failure of a factor to produce identical results at ALL experiment levels (all three psi levels)

    Response
    A measurable process (Y)

    Terminology (contd.)
    Main Effect
    (Avg. at high level) (Avg. at low level) Factor impact on the response variable (Y)

    Interaction Effect
    Combined effect of multiple factors on the response variable

    Experimental boundaries
    The range of all possible values

    DOE Procedure
    Establish and objective (e.g. minimize cost) Identify all factors (x)
    Pick several factors (pick 2 or 3 are common) Select levels

    Determine the sample size for each experiment Randomize order Run experiment Analyze the results

    Full-Factorial Experiment
    The nx experiment n=number or levels x=number of factors As the number of factors and levels increases, the complexity of the experiment increases exponentially
    e.g of increasing complexity (22 vs. 33 vs. 37) 4 combinations, 27 combinations, and 2,187 combinations respectively

    DOE Graphs
    Main Effect
    No effect
    (-) Factor 1 (x) (+)

    -- Strong Effect
    (-) Factor 1 (x) (+)

    Interaction Effect
    No effect
    Factor 2 (x)
    Factor 2 (x)

    -- Strong Effect

    (-)

    Factor 1 (x)

    (+)

    (-)

    Factor 1 (x)

    (+)
    9

    Example: Traffic Times


    Establish and objective
    Minimize commute time

    Identify factors (x)


    Practical, feasible, measurable
    Type Variable
    A

    Description
    Category for day of work week Time leave for work School holiday or summer break

    Levels
    - Beginning (M-W) - Ending (R-F) - 8:00AM - 8:30AM - Yes - No Minutes from driveway to parking lot
    10

    Input

    B C

    Output

    Morning Commute

    Example (contd.)
    Determine the sample size
    8 samples per run
    Coding: -1 = low level +1) = high level

    Randomize order
    Standard order Trial Factor A
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1

    Coding:

    Leave for work on a M-W

    Factor B
    -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1

    Factor C
    -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1

    at 8:00 AM on a school holiday

    11

    Example (contd.)
    Run experiment
    Trial/ Run Response Factor A
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

    Factor B
    -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

    Factor C
    -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

    Duration
    37 31 23 32 32 20 16 28

    Average Duration of 8 samples


    Trial/ Run Factor A
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1

    Factor B
    -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1

    Factor C
    -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1

    Avg. R
    24.24 21.80 21.97 18.42 21.93 18.75 18.60 18.63

    In total, 64 data points.


    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 19 17 16 16 30 15 15 21

    12

    Example (contd.)
    Analyze the results
    Important? Main effects have steep slopes. Interactions almost parallel.

    Practical? Commute decreased when school was closed.

    13

    Example (contd.)
    Analyze the results
    No significant factors

    Main Factors

    Significance line Interactions

    14

    Minitab Procedure
    Open Minitab and enter the data

    Define the DOE

    15

    Minitab Procedure (contd.)


    Generate the effects plots

    16

    Minitab Procedure (contd.)


    Generate the Pareto and ANOVA

    17

    Excel Procedure
    Enter data

    Review the ANOVA

    18

    References
    Dataset: http://www.omninerd.com/articles/attachments/Brandon/a50/commute_data.xls MGS 8020: http://www2.gsu.edu/~wwwkem/Lectures/DOE_Overview.pdf The Lean Six Sigma Pocket Toolbook
    by M. George, D. Rowlands, M. Price, & J. Maxey

    DOE at iSixSigma: http://www.isixsigma.com/tt/doe/ Meet Minitab: http://www.minitab.com/support/docs/rel15/MeetMinitab.pdf

    19

    Questions

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