Non Woven Fabrics
Non Woven Fabrics
Non Woven Fabrics
Nonwoven Fabrics
Nonwovens are produced directly from fibers
without the need of making a yarn Nonwoven fabrics can be produced at rapid rate of production Because of short and simple process and a high rate of production, nonwovens can be produced economically Fibers which can not be used for a yarn can be utilized to make nonwoven fabrics Layered composite fabrics can also be formed
Bonding Techniques
In mechanical bonding, the web of fiber is bound with each other by their entanglement using mechanical techniques. Mechanical bonded fabrics are usually given a additional thermal bonding treatment. Two main types of Mechanical bonding techniques are,
Pressure Felting Needle Felting
Uses of Nonwoven
Disposable Wipes Pampers Surgical Gowns Sterilization Packs Medical Work wear Durable Floor Covering Industrial & Technical Furniture Apparel Civil Engineering Automotive
Tufted Fabrics
Tufted fabrics are made by combination:Foundation cloth Tuft
The foundation cloth is normally a woven fabric, generally a plain weave or any open structure made-up of cotton, wool or jute. On the foundation cloth tufts are inserted. Tufts are inserted into the open spaces of the foundation cloth. For tuft formation a special tuft forming machine can be used or tufts can be made by hand.
Tufted Fabrics
A bunch of fibers tied together by means of a thread can also be used as a tufts. Sometimes instead of fibers, threads also can be used as tufts. The tufts are inserted into the foundation cloth according to the required pattern. Various colored tufts can also be used to produce colored designs. Once tufts are inserted into the foundation cloth, they are made permanent by using a natural latex coating or by some chemical binding agents. Sometimes instead of using latex or binding agents, tufts are sewed to the foundation cloth.
Laced Fabrics
A lace is an open work fabric made from intermeshing threads into a fabric. Intermeshing of threads can be carried out by the following methods,
Using Knitting needles (Needle Point) Using Bobbins (Pillow) Using Shuttles (Tatting) Using Crotchet Needles (Crotchet)
Laced Fabrics
Lace fabrics could only be produced by hands till the invention of first automatic lace machine in early 1800s. The lace fabric produced by hand is called as the Real Lace. Real laces take plenty of time and their cost is high. But various patterns of laces can be produced on the modern lace looms at huge quantities and at a very low cost.
Braided Fabrics
Braided fabrics are produced by a special method of interlacement known as braiding or plaiting. In braiding or plaiting three or more yarns over and under one another are interwoven to form a flat or tubular cloth known as braided fabric. In braiding, instead of threads, cut strips of cloths or straws can also be used for braiding. The braided fabrics have relatively narrow width compared to woven fabric. The process of braiding or plaiting is very much similar to process of weaving. Following are the differences between braiding and weaving,
Braided Fabrics
Weaving Only two set of threads are used . i.e. warp and weft Threads always interlace at right angles. Braiding Three or more than three set of threads are used. Threads can interlace at any angle.
Apart from threads, strips of cloth, straw, etc, can be used to produce a fabric.
Bonded Fabrics
Bonded fabrics are the types of fabrics made by joining a nonwoven fabric with a woven/knitted fabric or by joining two nonwoven fabrics or bonding two different fabrics.