Arabic

Book 2

Lesson 1 -
In Arabic there are two types of sentences: 1. Nominal (Ismiyah) 2. Verbal (Failiyah) The particle is used at the beginning of nominal sentences

Lesson 1 -
After the induction of the mubtada is no longer called mubtada. It is now called Ismu Inna and the khabar is called Khabar Inna.

Lesson 1 -
is used to signify emphasis. It can be translated as indeed, surely, no doubt and verily.

Lesson 1 -
Some rules pertaining to The noun that comes after is mansoob. And so will take a Zabr.

Lesson 1 -
The Khabar is not affected and is still marfoo. E.g.

Indeed the book is easy

Verily Haamid is ill

Lesson 1 -
If the Mubtada is a pronoun, it changes to its corresponding Mansoob form E.g. Indeed you are rich

Lesson 1

This is also a particle like . Is it called one of the sisters of . Grammatically, is acts like . It signifies hope or fear.

Lesson 1

E.g. Hope The weather is fine I hope the weather is fine

Lesson 1

E.g. Fear The teacher is sick I am afraid the teacher is sick

Lesson 1

This particle means having or possessing. E.g. Possessing wealth. It is always Mudaaf. The following word is Mudaaf ilaihi, therefore Majroor.

Lesson 1

E.g. One of wealth / Possessing wealth

One of good character / Possessing character

Lesson 1

The feminine version is E.g. This student (feminine) possesses good Character

Lesson 1

The particle means or, but only in the interrogative sentence i.e. When you are asking a question. E.g. Are you a doctor or an engineer?

Lesson 1

Note that the particle precedes one of the two things about which the question is being asked and precedes the other.

Lesson 1

E.g.

NOT

Lesson 1

When in a non-interrogative is not used. We use instead. E.g. Take this or that

Lesson 1

Hundred. It is written with the alif but pronounced without the alif. Thousand.

Lesson 1
After these two numbers, the Madud is singular Majroor. E.g.

Lesson 1

The word means expensive. E.g. This book is expensive

Lesson 1

Here, the word is not Majroor. It is Marfoo. Its actual form is . The yaa along with its dhammah have been omitted and the of tanween has been transferred to the precedding letter. We will learn more about this later iA.

Lesson 2
: is not It is used in a nominal sentence. E.g.

Lesson 2
Note that is added to the khabar, and it is therefore majroor. the After the introduction of mubtada is called Ismu Laisa and the khabar is called Khabaru Laisa.

Lesson 2
is The feminine of E.g. Zainab is not sick

Lesson 2
If the Ismu Laisa of has a before it then the word will have a kasra on the in order to enable both words to join e.g. The car is not old

Lesson 2
can take many forms when joined to pronouns. E.g. I am not a engineer

Lesson 2
If the Khabaru Laisa is a prepositional clause, like , it does not take a e.g. I am not from India

Lesson 2
Sub lesson 2 If the Mubtada is indefinite and the Khabar is a prepositional clause, the Mubtada comes after the Khabar.

I have brothers

Lesson 2
Sub lesson 2

Would become
I have no brothers

Lesson 2
Sub lesson 2 is Here is is Ismu Laisa and Khabaru Laisa.

Lesson 2
Sub lesson 2 So if is added to a sentence like: It would become:

Lesson 3
Comparative and superlative degrees on the scale of The comparative form comes when we compare something e.g. more beautiful than In this case the adjective is followed

Lesson 3
Comparative and superlative degrees on the scale of The superlative form comes when we are not comparing e.g. Ibrahim is the best student.

In this case if a noun follows, then that noun is Majroor

Lesson 4 - verbs
The verb in the Past tense is known as Madi. Most Arabic verbs only have 3 letters in the Madi tense, which are called the radicals. The basic form of the verb in Arabic is called madi. As we have seen before, the verb means he wrote.

Lesson 4 - verbs
But if the verb is followed by the subject in words then the pronoun he will be omitted and the actual name would replace it e.g. Ahmad Wrote.

Lesson 4 - verbs
When the subject is not written in words and we are only using the pronouns e.g. he and she, then the subject is said to be hidden. This is called Dhamir Mustatir.

Lesson 4 - verbs
Sub Lesson - This particle means because

Note: + = + = = +

Lesson 4 - verbs
Sub Lesson - or ? is used when the answer is simply yes to a yes/no question e.g. Do you like this? is used in reply to a negative question e.g. Are you not a Muslim? Of course, yes

Lesson 4 - verbs
Sub Lesson in Verbs To render a verb in the Madi negative, the particle is used?

Lesson 4 - verbs
Sub Lesson This word means Which one of the two e.g. Which one of them is your brother?

Lesson 4 verbs (Past Tense)

English I wrote you (masc.) wrote you (fem.) wrote Singular he wrote she wrote They wrote They wrote (fem.) Arabic (katabtu( (katabta) (katabti) (kataba( - Basic Form (katabat) (Kataboo) (katabna)

Lesson 4 Numbers
Recap As we have learnt in the Arabic language that plurals are after two. Therefore, similar to English, when you want to specify the plural, you bring numbers e.g. Three men, three women.

Similarly in Arabic we specify the plurals using numbers.

Lesson 4 Numbers

However, in Arabic there are certain rules for each number.

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 3-10 1.The Arabic number is called 2.The noun following is called 3.The will be Mudaaf 4.The will be Mudaaf Ilaihi

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 3-10 1.The can be in any case 2.The is always Majroor 3.If the is masculine then the will be feminine 4.If the is feminine then the will be masculine 5.In both cases, the will be plural

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 3-10

is feminine so the is
masculine

is masculine so the is
feminine

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 3-10

is feminine so the is
masculine

is masculine so the is
feminine Note: Plural is used in both cases

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 Unlike the numbers 3-10, this set of number carry a different rule. How we treat the numbers when counting objects from 11-20 depend, again, on the

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 Today we will look at those that are masculine. We will look at feminine in lesson 6 iA.

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 Firstly, unlike in numbers 3-10, the is not plural. We will be using the singular version, which will be Mansoob

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 E.g.

is Singular and Mansoob

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 We are now going to divide numbers 1120 into 3 categories: 1.11 and 12 2.13 19 3.20

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 11 and 12 For numbers 11 and 12, both parts of the number will agree with the gender of the

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 11 and 12

Both are either masculine or feminine

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 11 and 12 Masculine for 1
Feminine for 1

Both are either masculine or feminine

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 13 - 19 For numbers 13 to 19, the second part agrees with the gender of the but

the first part does not

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 13 and 19

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 13 and 19
Taa Marboota = Feminine Absence of Taa Marboota = Masculine

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 20

The same word For number 20, is used for Masculine and Feminine.
Again, the is singular and Mansoob.

Lesson 4 Numbers
Rules of numbers 11-20 20
E.g.

Lesson 4 Numbers
Final rule for all numbers 11-20 These numbers are Mabni (indeclinable). They do not change their state to indicate their function in the sentence.

Lesson 4 Numbers
Final rule for all numbers 11-20 E.g. For numbers 3-10 the number Iraab can change:

Lesson 4 Numbers
Final rule for all numbers 11-20 E.g. However for numbers 11-20 the numbers Iraab doesnt change.

Lesson 4 Numbers
The ordinal Number
The word for first is . Ordinal numbers from 2 to 10 are formed on pattern of
So second would be: Third would be: Fourth would be: Fifth would be:

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

As we know, when the Faail is not present, then we translate by using the pronoun e.g. He went. When the Faail is present, then we do not use the pronoun, but instead the Faail itself e.g. Zaid Went

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs When the Faail follows the Fail (verb), then the singular form of the verb will be used for all types of Faails.

E.g. singular / dual / plural

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs e.g.

As you can see, the Faail is plural (Students). But we have used the singular version of the verb.

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs e.g.

This sentence is a Jumlah Failyah. What would the tarkeeb be?

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs However, if the Faail is brought before the verb in writing (which can be done in verb sentences) then we use the corresponding Verb

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs E.g. As you can now see, both the verb and the Faail are both plurals

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs E.g. However, this sentence is now not a verb sentence. (Because the sentence does not begin with a verb) What is the tarkeeb here?

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs The following is example of the same sentence, but as a ismiyah and also as a failiyah:

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs

The meaning is the same in both sentences.

Lesson 5 Fail Maadi

Rule of verbs The maful bihi (the object) is always mansoob.

Lesson 6
= I think

I think she went to Makkah

Lesson 6

is a sister of . It means that.

Lesson 6
, , ,
means why? means take! means give! / bring!

means so