Intro To OLTP and OLAP
Intro To OLTP and OLAP
Intro To OLTP and OLAP
Learning Outcomes
(a) To be able to model data for
OLTP and OLAP systems
Agenda
what are some of the queries that OLTP systems can process?
The super market store is deciding on introducing a new product. The key
questions they are debating are: Which product should they introduce?
and Should it be specific to a few customer segments?
The super market store is looking at offering some discount on their yearend sale. The questions here are: How much discount should they offer?
and Should it be different discounts for different customer segments?
OLAP
what are some of the queries that OLAP systems can process?
Focus
Source of data
Purpose of data
Data contents
Access
OLTP
Online Transaction Processing
Data in
Operational/Transactional Data
OLAP
Online Analytical Processing
Data out
Data extracted from various
operational data sources,
transformed and loaded into the
data warehouse
Manage (control and execute) basic Assists in planning, budgeting,
business tasks
forecasting and decision making
Current data. Far too detailed not
Historical data. Has support for
suitable for decision making
summarization and aggregation.
Stores and manages data at
various levels of granularity,
thereby suitable for decision
making
Very frequent updates and inserts
Periodic updates to refresh the
data warehouse
Simple queries, often returning fewer Often complex queries involving
records
aggregations
Usually returns fast
Queries usually take a long time
(several hours) to execute and
return
Field level access
Typically aggregated access to
data of business interest
Database Design
Operations
Backup and Recovery
Joins
OLTP
OLAP
Many
Few
Mostly read
Instead of regular backups, data
warehouse is refreshed periodically
using data from operational data
sources
Common
Complex
Multi-dimensional
Slice
Dice
Roll-up
Drill down
Drill through
Drill across
Pivot/Rotate
Exercise
Hint: Take sample data sheet (Excel sheet) and check your understanding of
the various OLAP operations on multi-dimensional data.
OLAP in BI
A Quick Question